HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY 261 MIDTERM EXAM
2026 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED STUDY
GUIDE GRADED A+
⩥ What is a tissue?
Answer: A group of cells that act together to perform a specific function.
⩥ What are the fundamental tissues?
Answer: Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nerve
(Elephants Can Make News)
⩥ What is the function of epithelial cells?
Answer: Cover, line, and protect the body and the internal organs.
⩥ What is the function of connective tissue?
Answer: Framework of the body. Provides support and structure to
organs.
,⩥ What is neuroglia?
Answer: The neurons and connective tissue cells that compose nerve
tissue.
⩥ What ability does muscle tissue have?
Answer: Ability to contract and shorten.
⩥ What is muscle tissue classified as?
Answer: Voluntary(skeletal muscles) and involuntary(smooth & cardiac)
⩥ What is meiosis?
Answer: The cell division that takes place in the gonads, i.e. the ovaries
and testes.
⩥ What two layers compose the skin?
Answer: Epidermis and dermis.
⩥ What is the epidermis?
Answer: The outermost protective layer of dead keratinized epithelial
cells.
⩥ What is the dermis?
,Answer: The underlying layer of connective tissue with blood vessels,
nerve endings, and the associated skin tissues.
⩥ What are the layers of the epidermis?
Answer: Corneum
Lucidum
Granulosum
Germivatum ( basale & spinosum)
Mnemonic: Candy Lions Growl Great.
⩥ What does the protein pigment melanin protect against?
Answer: Radiation from the Sun
⩥ What is the dermis composed of?
Answer: Fibrous connective tissue with nerve endings, blood vessels,
sensory nerve endings, hair follicles, and glands.
⩥ What are the 2 types of sweat glands?
Answer: ecrine & apocrine
⩥ What do ecrine sweat glands produce?
Answer: Sweat. Regulate body temperature.
, ⩥ What do apocrine sweat glands produce?
Answer: Secretions contain bits of cytoplasm from cells, attracting
bacteria that produces body odor.
⩥ What do sebaceous glands secrete?
Answer: They secrete sebum through the hair follicles, which lubricates
the skin and prevents drying.
⩥ What secretion produces oil?
Answer: Holocrine secretion.
⩥ What are sebaceous glands prone to during adolescence?
Answer: Becoming clogged and attracting bacteria.
⩥ What protein composes the hair and skin?
Answer: Keratin
⩥ What makes the body's framework?
Answer: Bone, cartilage, ligaments & joints.
⩥ What are the functions of the skeletal system?
2026 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED STUDY
GUIDE GRADED A+
⩥ What is a tissue?
Answer: A group of cells that act together to perform a specific function.
⩥ What are the fundamental tissues?
Answer: Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nerve
(Elephants Can Make News)
⩥ What is the function of epithelial cells?
Answer: Cover, line, and protect the body and the internal organs.
⩥ What is the function of connective tissue?
Answer: Framework of the body. Provides support and structure to
organs.
,⩥ What is neuroglia?
Answer: The neurons and connective tissue cells that compose nerve
tissue.
⩥ What ability does muscle tissue have?
Answer: Ability to contract and shorten.
⩥ What is muscle tissue classified as?
Answer: Voluntary(skeletal muscles) and involuntary(smooth & cardiac)
⩥ What is meiosis?
Answer: The cell division that takes place in the gonads, i.e. the ovaries
and testes.
⩥ What two layers compose the skin?
Answer: Epidermis and dermis.
⩥ What is the epidermis?
Answer: The outermost protective layer of dead keratinized epithelial
cells.
⩥ What is the dermis?
,Answer: The underlying layer of connective tissue with blood vessels,
nerve endings, and the associated skin tissues.
⩥ What are the layers of the epidermis?
Answer: Corneum
Lucidum
Granulosum
Germivatum ( basale & spinosum)
Mnemonic: Candy Lions Growl Great.
⩥ What does the protein pigment melanin protect against?
Answer: Radiation from the Sun
⩥ What is the dermis composed of?
Answer: Fibrous connective tissue with nerve endings, blood vessels,
sensory nerve endings, hair follicles, and glands.
⩥ What are the 2 types of sweat glands?
Answer: ecrine & apocrine
⩥ What do ecrine sweat glands produce?
Answer: Sweat. Regulate body temperature.
, ⩥ What do apocrine sweat glands produce?
Answer: Secretions contain bits of cytoplasm from cells, attracting
bacteria that produces body odor.
⩥ What do sebaceous glands secrete?
Answer: They secrete sebum through the hair follicles, which lubricates
the skin and prevents drying.
⩥ What secretion produces oil?
Answer: Holocrine secretion.
⩥ What are sebaceous glands prone to during adolescence?
Answer: Becoming clogged and attracting bacteria.
⩥ What protein composes the hair and skin?
Answer: Keratin
⩥ What makes the body's framework?
Answer: Bone, cartilage, ligaments & joints.
⩥ What are the functions of the skeletal system?
