HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY 261 MIDTERM EXAM 2026 PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS FULL PREPARATION RESOURCE ACCURATE CONTENT GRADED A+

HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY 261 MIDTERM EXAM
2026 PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS FULL PREPARATION RESOURCE
ACCURATE CONTENT GRADED A+

⩥ What is the usual second messenger used by protein hormones?
Answer: Adenosine monophosphate (AMP)


⩥ How do hormones affect cell activity?
Answer: Alters the rate of protein synthesis.


⩥ Which gland is considered the "master gland"?
Answer: The pituitary gland


⩥ Where is the pituitary gland located?
Answer: Attached to the hypothalamus by a stalk called the
infundibulum.


⩥ What are the two major portions of the pituitary gland?
Answer: Anterior lobe-adenohypophysis
Posterior lobe-neurohypophysis

,⩥ Why are the hormones of the adenohypophysis called *tropic
hormones*?
Answer: Because they act mainly on other endocrine glands.


⩥ What are the tropic hormones?
Answer: STH
GH
ACTH
TSH
FSH
LH


⩥ What is the STH or GH hormone?
Answer: Growth Hormone


⩥ What is the ACTH hormone?
Answer: Adrenocorticotropic hormone


⩥ What is the TSH hormone?
Answer: Thyroid-stimulating hormone


⩥ What is the FSH hormone?

, Answer: Follicle-stimulating hormone


⩥ What is the LH hormone?
Answer: Luteinizing hormone


⩥ What hormones are released from the posterior lobe of the pituitary?
Answer: Oxytocin (labor hormone)
ADH-Antidiuretic hormone.


⩥ What are some important endocrine glands?
Answer: Thyroid
Parathyroid
Adrenals
Pancreas
Gonads (ovaries & testes)


⩥ What materials make up the blood?
Answer: 55% plasma
45% formed elements: erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets.


⩥ Where are all the elements in blood formed?
Answer: Red bone marrow.