Hun2201 Exam 4 Review UPDATED ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Energy balance - CORRECT ANSWER when energy consumption equals energy expenditure,
body weight remains constant
Change in energy balance - CORRECT ANSWER If less energy is taken in than expended,
energy balance is negative and weight will be lost. If the amount of energy taken in exceeds the
amount expended, energy balance is positive and the extra energy will be stored in the body causing
weight to increase.
Bomb calorimeter - CORRECT ANSWER an instrument used to determine the energy content
of food. It measures the heat energy released when a dried food is combusted.
Direct calorimetry - CORRECT ANSWER a method of determining energy use that measures
the amount of heat produced. It can be assessed by the individual remaining in an insulated chamber
throughout the procedure in order to measure the heat produced
Indirect calorimetry - CORRECT ANSWER a method of estimating energy use that compares
the amount of oxygen consumed to the amount of carbon dioxide expired. To obtain a measurement
for indirect calorimetry, the subject must breathe into a mouthpiece, mask, or ventilated hood. The
"gold standard" method for measuring energy expenditure is the double-layered water technique.
Basal energy expenditure - CORRECT ANSWER all the involuntary things your body does to
stay alive such as breathing, circulating blood, regulating body temperature, synthesizing tissues,
removing waste products and sending nerve signals. Basal needs are affected by factors such as body
weight, gender, growth rate, and age.
Basal metabolic rate - CORRECT ANSWER the rate of energy expenditure under resting
conditions. BMR measurements are performed in a warm room in the morning before the subject
rises, and then at least 12 hours after the last food or activity. BMR increases with increasing body
weight, so it is higher in heavier individuals. It also rises with increasing lean body mass; thus, BMR
is generally higher in men than in women because men have more lean tissue
Resting Energy Expenditure - CORRECT ANSWER Term used when an estimate of basal
metabolism is determined by measuring energy utilization after 5-6 hrs without food or exercise
, Hunger - CORRECT ANSWER Internal signals that stimulate one to acquire and consume
food; physiological drive to eat
Satiety - CORRECT ANSWER "don't start eating again yet"; The feeling of fullness and
satisfaction, caused by food consumption, that eliminates the desire to eat. Physiologic signals that
determine when you feel hungry again
Appetite - CORRECT ANSWER the desire to consume specific foods that is independent of
hunger. Psychological desire to eat with the absence of hunger. Can override signals of satiety
Satiation - CORRECT ANSWER "stop eating signal"; develops during a meal, stomach
distention
Hypothalamus - CORRECT ANSWER integrates nervous system and hormone signals and
increase or decrease appetite
Ghrelin (stomach) - CORRECT ANSWER stimulates food intake. Stimulates the desire to eat
meals at usual times
Insulin (pancreas) - CORRECT ANSWER allows glucose to be taken up by the cells thereby
reducing circulating levels of glucose and increasing hunger
Leptin (adipose tissue) - CORRECT ANSWER signals information about the amount of body
fat
Peptide YY (PYY) (GI tract) - CORRECT ANSWER is proportional to the kcal content of a
meal
Cholecystokinin (CKK) (intestine) - CORRECT ANSWER induces satiety
Resting basal metabolism rate - CORRECT ANSWER the term used when an estimate of basal
metabolism is determined by measuring energy utilization after 5-6 hr without food or exercise
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Energy balance - CORRECT ANSWER when energy consumption equals energy expenditure,
body weight remains constant
Change in energy balance - CORRECT ANSWER If less energy is taken in than expended,
energy balance is negative and weight will be lost. If the amount of energy taken in exceeds the
amount expended, energy balance is positive and the extra energy will be stored in the body causing
weight to increase.
Bomb calorimeter - CORRECT ANSWER an instrument used to determine the energy content
of food. It measures the heat energy released when a dried food is combusted.
Direct calorimetry - CORRECT ANSWER a method of determining energy use that measures
the amount of heat produced. It can be assessed by the individual remaining in an insulated chamber
throughout the procedure in order to measure the heat produced
Indirect calorimetry - CORRECT ANSWER a method of estimating energy use that compares
the amount of oxygen consumed to the amount of carbon dioxide expired. To obtain a measurement
for indirect calorimetry, the subject must breathe into a mouthpiece, mask, or ventilated hood. The
"gold standard" method for measuring energy expenditure is the double-layered water technique.
Basal energy expenditure - CORRECT ANSWER all the involuntary things your body does to
stay alive such as breathing, circulating blood, regulating body temperature, synthesizing tissues,
removing waste products and sending nerve signals. Basal needs are affected by factors such as body
weight, gender, growth rate, and age.
Basal metabolic rate - CORRECT ANSWER the rate of energy expenditure under resting
conditions. BMR measurements are performed in a warm room in the morning before the subject
rises, and then at least 12 hours after the last food or activity. BMR increases with increasing body
weight, so it is higher in heavier individuals. It also rises with increasing lean body mass; thus, BMR
is generally higher in men than in women because men have more lean tissue
Resting Energy Expenditure - CORRECT ANSWER Term used when an estimate of basal
metabolism is determined by measuring energy utilization after 5-6 hrs without food or exercise
, Hunger - CORRECT ANSWER Internal signals that stimulate one to acquire and consume
food; physiological drive to eat
Satiety - CORRECT ANSWER "don't start eating again yet"; The feeling of fullness and
satisfaction, caused by food consumption, that eliminates the desire to eat. Physiologic signals that
determine when you feel hungry again
Appetite - CORRECT ANSWER the desire to consume specific foods that is independent of
hunger. Psychological desire to eat with the absence of hunger. Can override signals of satiety
Satiation - CORRECT ANSWER "stop eating signal"; develops during a meal, stomach
distention
Hypothalamus - CORRECT ANSWER integrates nervous system and hormone signals and
increase or decrease appetite
Ghrelin (stomach) - CORRECT ANSWER stimulates food intake. Stimulates the desire to eat
meals at usual times
Insulin (pancreas) - CORRECT ANSWER allows glucose to be taken up by the cells thereby
reducing circulating levels of glucose and increasing hunger
Leptin (adipose tissue) - CORRECT ANSWER signals information about the amount of body
fat
Peptide YY (PYY) (GI tract) - CORRECT ANSWER is proportional to the kcal content of a
meal
Cholecystokinin (CKK) (intestine) - CORRECT ANSWER induces satiety
Resting basal metabolism rate - CORRECT ANSWER the term used when an estimate of basal
metabolism is determined by measuring energy utilization after 5-6 hr without food or exercise
