HUN 2201 Exam 1 Review UPDATED
ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
Define the study of Nutrition - CORRECT ANSWER the study of factors affecting availability
and choices, identifying chemical components of food, effects of food on health and disease risk, and
actions of food chemicals on the body
What the field of nutrition overlaps with (i.e. Psychology, biology, etc.) - CORRECT
ANSWER chemistry, physiology, agriculture, genetics, psychology, geography, economics,
politics, and culture
Define nutrient - CORRECT ANSWER a chemical substance that is required for growth and to
maintain proper body functioning
Essential nutrient - CORRECT ANSWER must be supplied through what we eat and drink
because the body cannot produce them or enough of them on its own; example: water or fiber
Non-essential nutrients - CORRECT ANSWER can be made by the body but is not needed
through food; example: cholesterol
Identify energy producing nutrients - CORRECT ANSWER Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids
Non-energy producing nutrients - CORRECT ANSWER water, vitamins, minerals
Define macronutrients - CORRECT ANSWER needed in relatively large quantities to stay
healthy, primarily supply energy and/or a large portion of the structural components in our body;
examples: carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, water
Define micronutrients - CORRECT ANSWER needed in much smaller amounts and do not
supply energy or calories but are crucial to normal growth and development; examples: vitamins and
minerals
, Identify the commonalities between the healthiest eating patterns around the globe (i.e.plant-based
eating styles) - CORRECT ANSWER pescatarian (allow some fish) + flexitarian (allow some
meat on occasion); ovo-lacto (allow some eggs and dairy) + ovo-vegetarian (allow some eggs); etc.
Eating patterns that have been scientifically shown to decrease the risk of chronic diseases -
CORRECT ANSWER Diets that emphasize fruits and vegetables, whole grains, low-fat dairy,
fish, and poultry; diets low in added salt, sugars, solid and trans fats, and alcohol
List the major chronic diseases in the United States - CORRECT ANSWER Heart disease,
diabetes, cancer, kidney disease, stroke, etc.
How many calories are in all the macronutrients - CORRECT ANSWER Carbohydrates = 4
k/cal, lipids = 9 k/cal, proteins = 4 k/cal
Define calories - CORRECT ANSWER Standard unit used to measure energy provided by food
What nutrients contain calories - CORRECT ANSWER macronutrients
Identify what compounds and nutrients in plant foods make them unique and pertinent to human
health - CORRECT ANSWER Phytochemicals promote health because they have hormonelike
actions or they repair or prevent damage to cells, they are commonly found in vegetables, fruits, and
whole grains
Define homeostasis - CORRECT ANSWER the process by which the body maintains a stable
internal environment in the face of external variability
What is obesity - CORRECT ANSWER a condition characterized by excess body fat and often
associated with other health problems, example of over-nutrition
Related issues to obesity - CORRECT ANSWER Heart disease, type II DM, cancers, nutrient
deficiencies, stroke, Alzheimer's disease
Explain the relationship between malnutrition and the overconsumption of energy - CORRECT
ANSWER Malnutrition is poor or bad nutrition that includes both under- and over-nutrition; a
ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
Define the study of Nutrition - CORRECT ANSWER the study of factors affecting availability
and choices, identifying chemical components of food, effects of food on health and disease risk, and
actions of food chemicals on the body
What the field of nutrition overlaps with (i.e. Psychology, biology, etc.) - CORRECT
ANSWER chemistry, physiology, agriculture, genetics, psychology, geography, economics,
politics, and culture
Define nutrient - CORRECT ANSWER a chemical substance that is required for growth and to
maintain proper body functioning
Essential nutrient - CORRECT ANSWER must be supplied through what we eat and drink
because the body cannot produce them or enough of them on its own; example: water or fiber
Non-essential nutrients - CORRECT ANSWER can be made by the body but is not needed
through food; example: cholesterol
Identify energy producing nutrients - CORRECT ANSWER Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids
Non-energy producing nutrients - CORRECT ANSWER water, vitamins, minerals
Define macronutrients - CORRECT ANSWER needed in relatively large quantities to stay
healthy, primarily supply energy and/or a large portion of the structural components in our body;
examples: carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, water
Define micronutrients - CORRECT ANSWER needed in much smaller amounts and do not
supply energy or calories but are crucial to normal growth and development; examples: vitamins and
minerals
, Identify the commonalities between the healthiest eating patterns around the globe (i.e.plant-based
eating styles) - CORRECT ANSWER pescatarian (allow some fish) + flexitarian (allow some
meat on occasion); ovo-lacto (allow some eggs and dairy) + ovo-vegetarian (allow some eggs); etc.
Eating patterns that have been scientifically shown to decrease the risk of chronic diseases -
CORRECT ANSWER Diets that emphasize fruits and vegetables, whole grains, low-fat dairy,
fish, and poultry; diets low in added salt, sugars, solid and trans fats, and alcohol
List the major chronic diseases in the United States - CORRECT ANSWER Heart disease,
diabetes, cancer, kidney disease, stroke, etc.
How many calories are in all the macronutrients - CORRECT ANSWER Carbohydrates = 4
k/cal, lipids = 9 k/cal, proteins = 4 k/cal
Define calories - CORRECT ANSWER Standard unit used to measure energy provided by food
What nutrients contain calories - CORRECT ANSWER macronutrients
Identify what compounds and nutrients in plant foods make them unique and pertinent to human
health - CORRECT ANSWER Phytochemicals promote health because they have hormonelike
actions or they repair or prevent damage to cells, they are commonly found in vegetables, fruits, and
whole grains
Define homeostasis - CORRECT ANSWER the process by which the body maintains a stable
internal environment in the face of external variability
What is obesity - CORRECT ANSWER a condition characterized by excess body fat and often
associated with other health problems, example of over-nutrition
Related issues to obesity - CORRECT ANSWER Heart disease, type II DM, cancers, nutrient
deficiencies, stroke, Alzheimer's disease
Explain the relationship between malnutrition and the overconsumption of energy - CORRECT
ANSWER Malnutrition is poor or bad nutrition that includes both under- and over-nutrition; a
