| Comprehensive
Fundamentals of Nursing
Review 2026
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Updated 2026 Questions and Answers
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, The nurse is caring for a patient experiencing dysphagia. A, C, E
Which interventions help decrease the risk of aspiration
during feeding? (Select all that apply.)
A. Sit the patient upright in a chair.
B. Give liquids at the end of the meal.
C. Place food in the strong side of the mouth.
D. Provide thin foods to make it easier to swallow.
E. Feed the patient slowly, allowing time to chew and
swallow.
F. Encourage patient to lie down to rest for 30 minutes
after eating.
Polysaccharides Complex carbohydrates (starch, fiber, glycogen)
The nurse suspects that the patient receiving parenteral B
nutrition (PN) through a central venous catheter (CVC)
has an air embolus. What action does the nurse need to
take first?
A. Raise head of bed to 90 degrees
B. Turn patient to left lateral decubitus position
C. Notify health care provider immediately
D. Have patient perform the Valsalva maneuver
The acceptable macronutrient distribution range for b. 45-65% of cal
carbohydrates is
a. 20-30% of cal
b. 45-65% of cal
c. 10-25% of cal
d. 30-45% of cal
Which action is initially taken by the nurse to verify A
correct position of a newly placed small-bore feeding
tube?
A. Placing an order for x-ray film examination to check
position
B. Confirming the distal mark on the feeding tube after
taping
C. Testing the pH of the gastric contents and observing
the color
D. Auscultating over the gastric area as air is injected into
the tube
After the liver converts fructose and galactose into insulin
glucose, it is released into the bloodstream, elevating
blood glucose levels. This causes the release of _____ from
the pancreas