NU 150 / NU150 Exam 4 – Pharmacology Review
(Latest 2026/2027 Update) | Galen | Complete Real
Exam | Verified Questions & Answers | 100% Correct
Solutions | Grade A
Dopamine (anti-parkinson drug)
symptoms of Parkinson's are caused by depletion of this
Does PO Dopamine cross the blood brain barrier?
No- therefore it's ineffective
Levodopa (anti-parkinson drug)
crosses the blood brain barrier and converts to Dopamine
What converts to Dopamine once it crosses the blood brain barrier?
Levodopa
What 2 drugs work best together to reach the brain in Parkinson's?
Levodopa and Carbidopa (anti-parkinson drugs)
Can Carbidopa be given alone and be effective?
No
Carbidopa and Levopdopa make what drug?
Sinemet
What is the "gold standard" treatment for Parkinson's?
Levodopa
Adverse reactions of Levodopa (anti-parkinson drug)
Choreiform movements & Dystonic Movements
What are Choreiform movements?
involuntary twitching of the limbs or facial muscles
,What are Dystonic Movements?
spasms that affect the tongue, jaw, eyes & neck
Contraindications for Dopamine use:
1. Known hypersensitivity 2. glaucoma 3. taking MAOI 4. during lactation
What type of patients should you use precaution in before prescribing Dopamine?
heart disease, asthma, emphysema, peptic ulcer dx, kidney & liver disease
What are anticholinergics (anti-parkinson drug) ?
drugs that inhibit acetylcholine in the CNS; less effective than Dopaminergic drugs.
What are Anticholinergics used for?
used to control drug-induced extrapyramidal disorders
examples of anticholinergic medications?
Cogentin, Akineton, Kemadrin, Artan
Adverse reaction of anticholinergics ?
Dry mouth
Blurry vision
Dizziness
Mild Nausea
Nervousness
Contraindications for use of Anticholinergics
Known hypersensitivity
Glaucoma
Pyloric or duodenal obstruction
peptic ulcer
prostate hypertrophy
achalasia
myasthenia gravis
megacolon
What can Anticholinergics cause in elderly people?
Confusion & Disorientation
What is the new class of anti-parkinson drugs called?
Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT)
, What are 2 COMT inhibitors?
Comtan
Tasmar
COMT Adverse reactions
Disorientation, confusion
light-headed, dizziness
dyskinesia's
N/V
hallucinations
fever
What is a serious or potentially fatal adverse reaction to Tasmar
Liver Failure
COMTs are contraindicated in what type of patients
known hypersensitivity
During pregnancy & lactation
What type of patients should NOT take COMTs
Anyone with liver dysfunction or taking MAOIs
Take CAUTION in giving COMTs in what type of patients?
HTN, hypotension, decreased kidney or liver function
Dopamine Receptor Agonist (NON-ERGOT)
Exact mechanism not understood. Mimics Dopamine
What are some medication examples of Dopamine Receptor Agonist?
Mirapex
Requip
Adverse reaction of Dopamine Receptor Agonist?
N/V
dizziness, postural hypotension
hallucinations, visual disturbances
somnolence
confusion
abnormal involuntary mvmts
h/a
(Latest 2026/2027 Update) | Galen | Complete Real
Exam | Verified Questions & Answers | 100% Correct
Solutions | Grade A
Dopamine (anti-parkinson drug)
symptoms of Parkinson's are caused by depletion of this
Does PO Dopamine cross the blood brain barrier?
No- therefore it's ineffective
Levodopa (anti-parkinson drug)
crosses the blood brain barrier and converts to Dopamine
What converts to Dopamine once it crosses the blood brain barrier?
Levodopa
What 2 drugs work best together to reach the brain in Parkinson's?
Levodopa and Carbidopa (anti-parkinson drugs)
Can Carbidopa be given alone and be effective?
No
Carbidopa and Levopdopa make what drug?
Sinemet
What is the "gold standard" treatment for Parkinson's?
Levodopa
Adverse reactions of Levodopa (anti-parkinson drug)
Choreiform movements & Dystonic Movements
What are Choreiform movements?
involuntary twitching of the limbs or facial muscles
,What are Dystonic Movements?
spasms that affect the tongue, jaw, eyes & neck
Contraindications for Dopamine use:
1. Known hypersensitivity 2. glaucoma 3. taking MAOI 4. during lactation
What type of patients should you use precaution in before prescribing Dopamine?
heart disease, asthma, emphysema, peptic ulcer dx, kidney & liver disease
What are anticholinergics (anti-parkinson drug) ?
drugs that inhibit acetylcholine in the CNS; less effective than Dopaminergic drugs.
What are Anticholinergics used for?
used to control drug-induced extrapyramidal disorders
examples of anticholinergic medications?
Cogentin, Akineton, Kemadrin, Artan
Adverse reaction of anticholinergics ?
Dry mouth
Blurry vision
Dizziness
Mild Nausea
Nervousness
Contraindications for use of Anticholinergics
Known hypersensitivity
Glaucoma
Pyloric or duodenal obstruction
peptic ulcer
prostate hypertrophy
achalasia
myasthenia gravis
megacolon
What can Anticholinergics cause in elderly people?
Confusion & Disorientation
What is the new class of anti-parkinson drugs called?
Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT)
, What are 2 COMT inhibitors?
Comtan
Tasmar
COMT Adverse reactions
Disorientation, confusion
light-headed, dizziness
dyskinesia's
N/V
hallucinations
fever
What is a serious or potentially fatal adverse reaction to Tasmar
Liver Failure
COMTs are contraindicated in what type of patients
known hypersensitivity
During pregnancy & lactation
What type of patients should NOT take COMTs
Anyone with liver dysfunction or taking MAOIs
Take CAUTION in giving COMTs in what type of patients?
HTN, hypotension, decreased kidney or liver function
Dopamine Receptor Agonist (NON-ERGOT)
Exact mechanism not understood. Mimics Dopamine
What are some medication examples of Dopamine Receptor Agonist?
Mirapex
Requip
Adverse reaction of Dopamine Receptor Agonist?
N/V
dizziness, postural hypotension
hallucinations, visual disturbances
somnolence
confusion
abnormal involuntary mvmts
h/a
