MCN 538 LATEST 2026 COMPREHENSIVE EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔Evaluation of Lipid Screening Results - ✔✔Normal: Total cholesterol: <200 mg/dL,
LDL: <100 mg/dL, HDL: ≥50 mg/dL for women, Triglycerides: <150 mg/dL. Abnormal:
Results outside these ranges indicate a need for lifestyle modification or
pharmacotherapy.
✔✔Evaluating a Patient with Anemia - ✔✔Check hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean
corpuscular volume (MCV), reticulocyte count.
✔✔Types of Anemia - ✔✔Microcytic: Iron deficiency, thalassemia. Normocytic: Anemia
of chronic disease, acute blood loss. Macrocytic: B12 or folate deficiency.
✔✔Treatment Options for Iron Deficiency Anemia - ✔✔Oral iron supplements (ferrous
sulfate): Side effect - GI upset, constipation. IV iron if oral is not tolerated.
✔✔Physical Assessment Techniques for Abdominal Pain - ✔✔Inspection, auscultation
(for bowel sounds), percussion, and palpation. Look for rebound tenderness, guarding,
or masses.
✔✔Diagnostic Testing for Common GI Complaints - ✔✔Lab tests: CBC (anemia), liver
function tests, lipase/amylase (pancreatitis). Imaging: Abdominal ultrasound, CT scan,
endoscopy.
✔✔Treatment Options for H. pylori - ✔✔Triple therapy: PPI + clarithromycin +
amoxicillin/metronidazole. Quadruple therapy: PPI + bismuth + tetracycline +
metronidazole.
✔✔Pharmacologic Treatment Options for IBS - ✔✔Antispasmodics (e.g., dicyclomine).
Laxatives for IBS-C. Anti-diarrheals for IBS-D (e.g., loperamide). SSRIs/TCAs for pain
management.
✔✔Classification of Drugs for Constipation - ✔✔Bulk-forming agents (e.g., psyllium).
Osmotic agents (e.g., polyethylene glycol). Stimulant laxatives (e.g., bisacodyl).
✔✔Evaluation and Management of Psoriasis - ✔✔Topical corticosteroids, Vitamin D
analogs, Phototherapy, Biologics for severe cases.
✔✔Pharmacological Management of Acne - ✔✔Topical retinoids, Benzoyl peroxide,
Oral antibiotics for moderate to severe acne, Isotretinoin for severe nodular acne.
, ✔✔Physical Exam Findings for Common Dermatological Disorders - ✔✔Eczema: Dry,
scaly skin, pruritus. Psoriasis: Plaques with silvery scales. Tinea: Annular lesions with
central clearing.
✔✔Screening for Skin Cancer - ✔✔Pre-cancerous: Actinic keratosis (rough, scaly
patches). Cancerous: Basal cell carcinoma: Pearly nodule with telangiectasia.
Squamous cell carcinoma: Scaly, red patch, or ulcer. Melanoma: Asymmetry, border
irregularity, color variation, diameter >6 mm, evolving.
✔✔Side effects of ACE inhibitors (-pril)) - ✔✔dry cough, hyperkalemia
✔✔Side effects of ARB's (-sartans) - ✔✔dizziness, hyperkalemia
✔✔Calcium Channel Blockers (-pine) - ✔✔peripheral edema, constipation
✔✔Beta Blocker Side effects (-lol) - ✔✔Bradycardia, fatigue
✔✔Diuretic side effects (thiazides) - ✔✔electrolyte imbalance, dehydration
✔✔African Americans respond better to what HTN rx's? - ✔✔thiazide diuretics and
calcium channel blockers (-pine)
✔✔Criteria for Diagnosis of Metabolic Syndrome- Abdominal obesity with waist greater
than ??? - ✔✔35 in in women 40 in men
✔✔Criteria for Diagnosis of Metabolic Syndrome- Trigycerides > or= - ✔✔150mg/dL
✔✔Criteria for Diagnosis of Metabolic Syndrome- HDL < - ✔✔50mg/dL in women
✔✔Criteria for Diagnosis of Metabolic Syndrome- B/P ? - ✔✔>+130/85
✔✔Criteria for Diagnosis of Metabolic Syndrome- Fasting Glucose - ✔✔>= 100mg/dL
✔✔Dyslipidemia - ✔✔abnormal blood lipid levels, including high total, low-density
lipoprotein, and triglyceride levels as well as low high-density lipoprotein levels
✔✔What are the 4 tx options for Dyslipidemia? - ✔✔1. Statin
2. Fibrate
3. Niacin
4. Ezetimibe
✔✔What are the adverse effects of Statins (e.g., atorvastatin): - ✔✔Adverse effect -
muscle pain, liver dysfunction.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔Evaluation of Lipid Screening Results - ✔✔Normal: Total cholesterol: <200 mg/dL,
LDL: <100 mg/dL, HDL: ≥50 mg/dL for women, Triglycerides: <150 mg/dL. Abnormal:
Results outside these ranges indicate a need for lifestyle modification or
pharmacotherapy.
✔✔Evaluating a Patient with Anemia - ✔✔Check hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean
corpuscular volume (MCV), reticulocyte count.
✔✔Types of Anemia - ✔✔Microcytic: Iron deficiency, thalassemia. Normocytic: Anemia
of chronic disease, acute blood loss. Macrocytic: B12 or folate deficiency.
✔✔Treatment Options for Iron Deficiency Anemia - ✔✔Oral iron supplements (ferrous
sulfate): Side effect - GI upset, constipation. IV iron if oral is not tolerated.
✔✔Physical Assessment Techniques for Abdominal Pain - ✔✔Inspection, auscultation
(for bowel sounds), percussion, and palpation. Look for rebound tenderness, guarding,
or masses.
✔✔Diagnostic Testing for Common GI Complaints - ✔✔Lab tests: CBC (anemia), liver
function tests, lipase/amylase (pancreatitis). Imaging: Abdominal ultrasound, CT scan,
endoscopy.
✔✔Treatment Options for H. pylori - ✔✔Triple therapy: PPI + clarithromycin +
amoxicillin/metronidazole. Quadruple therapy: PPI + bismuth + tetracycline +
metronidazole.
✔✔Pharmacologic Treatment Options for IBS - ✔✔Antispasmodics (e.g., dicyclomine).
Laxatives for IBS-C. Anti-diarrheals for IBS-D (e.g., loperamide). SSRIs/TCAs for pain
management.
✔✔Classification of Drugs for Constipation - ✔✔Bulk-forming agents (e.g., psyllium).
Osmotic agents (e.g., polyethylene glycol). Stimulant laxatives (e.g., bisacodyl).
✔✔Evaluation and Management of Psoriasis - ✔✔Topical corticosteroids, Vitamin D
analogs, Phototherapy, Biologics for severe cases.
✔✔Pharmacological Management of Acne - ✔✔Topical retinoids, Benzoyl peroxide,
Oral antibiotics for moderate to severe acne, Isotretinoin for severe nodular acne.
, ✔✔Physical Exam Findings for Common Dermatological Disorders - ✔✔Eczema: Dry,
scaly skin, pruritus. Psoriasis: Plaques with silvery scales. Tinea: Annular lesions with
central clearing.
✔✔Screening for Skin Cancer - ✔✔Pre-cancerous: Actinic keratosis (rough, scaly
patches). Cancerous: Basal cell carcinoma: Pearly nodule with telangiectasia.
Squamous cell carcinoma: Scaly, red patch, or ulcer. Melanoma: Asymmetry, border
irregularity, color variation, diameter >6 mm, evolving.
✔✔Side effects of ACE inhibitors (-pril)) - ✔✔dry cough, hyperkalemia
✔✔Side effects of ARB's (-sartans) - ✔✔dizziness, hyperkalemia
✔✔Calcium Channel Blockers (-pine) - ✔✔peripheral edema, constipation
✔✔Beta Blocker Side effects (-lol) - ✔✔Bradycardia, fatigue
✔✔Diuretic side effects (thiazides) - ✔✔electrolyte imbalance, dehydration
✔✔African Americans respond better to what HTN rx's? - ✔✔thiazide diuretics and
calcium channel blockers (-pine)
✔✔Criteria for Diagnosis of Metabolic Syndrome- Abdominal obesity with waist greater
than ??? - ✔✔35 in in women 40 in men
✔✔Criteria for Diagnosis of Metabolic Syndrome- Trigycerides > or= - ✔✔150mg/dL
✔✔Criteria for Diagnosis of Metabolic Syndrome- HDL < - ✔✔50mg/dL in women
✔✔Criteria for Diagnosis of Metabolic Syndrome- B/P ? - ✔✔>+130/85
✔✔Criteria for Diagnosis of Metabolic Syndrome- Fasting Glucose - ✔✔>= 100mg/dL
✔✔Dyslipidemia - ✔✔abnormal blood lipid levels, including high total, low-density
lipoprotein, and triglyceride levels as well as low high-density lipoprotein levels
✔✔What are the 4 tx options for Dyslipidemia? - ✔✔1. Statin
2. Fibrate
3. Niacin
4. Ezetimibe
✔✔What are the adverse effects of Statins (e.g., atorvastatin): - ✔✔Adverse effect -
muscle pain, liver dysfunction.
