CNIT 176 EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE 2026
VERIFIED QUESTIONS ANSWERS PREP
MATERIAL COMPLETE GRADED A+
⩥ Task.
Answer: The goal of the program
⩥ Algorithm.
Answer: Steps needed to complete the task
⩥ Program.
Answer: Translating each step of algorithm to lines of code
⩥ Instruction Set Architecture.
Answer: Translating processor independent (human readable) to
processor dependent (bytecode/binary) code
⩥ Microarchitecture.
Answer: Connecting small hardware components
⩥ Logic Gates.
Answer: Elementary building block of a digital circuit
,⩥ Devices.
Answer: Network of transistors (which makes up a logic gate) that have
a charge that can be manipulated by electrons and interpreted as 1's or
0's
⩥ Abstraction.
Answer: Mental model that removes complex details
⩥ Binary Input.
Answer: Begins as discrete input, then keyboard generates binary
number code for each key (ex. "A 1 + 2 = 3 math")
⩥ Analog.
Answer: Continuous data (sounds, images) that requires hardware to
convert into binary
⩥ Alphanumeric.
Answer: Unicode, ASCII, EBCDIC
⩥ Image (Bitmapped).
Answer: GIF, TIFF, PNG
,⩥ Image (Object).
Answer: PostScript, JPEG, SWF, SVG
⩥ Outline Graphics and Fonts.
Answer: PostScript, TrueType
⩥ Sound.
Answer: WAV, AVI, MP3, MIDI, WMA
⩥ Page Description.
Answer: PDF, HTML, XML
⩥ Video.
Answer: MP4, OGG, MPEG-4, WMV, QuickTime
⩥ Integer.
Answer: Whole number
⩥ Real number.
Answer: Contains a decimal point
⩥ BCD.
, Answer: Binary-coded decimal, 6-bit, early implementation of character
codes by IBM
⩥ EBCDIC.
Answer: Extended binary-coded decimal interchange code, 8-bit, one of
the first widely-used computer codes that supported upper and lowercase
alphabetic characters and special characters
⩥ ASCII.
Answer: American Standard Code for Information Interchange, 7-bit,
numerical representation of Latin alphabet, Arabic numerals, standard
punctuation characters
⩥ Collating Sequence.
Answer: ASCII: numbers collate first
EBCDIC: numbers collate last
⩥ Unicode.
Answer: 16-bit, encodes the characters of every language in the world
⩥ Compression.
Answer: Recoding data so that it requires fewer bytes of storage
VERIFIED QUESTIONS ANSWERS PREP
MATERIAL COMPLETE GRADED A+
⩥ Task.
Answer: The goal of the program
⩥ Algorithm.
Answer: Steps needed to complete the task
⩥ Program.
Answer: Translating each step of algorithm to lines of code
⩥ Instruction Set Architecture.
Answer: Translating processor independent (human readable) to
processor dependent (bytecode/binary) code
⩥ Microarchitecture.
Answer: Connecting small hardware components
⩥ Logic Gates.
Answer: Elementary building block of a digital circuit
,⩥ Devices.
Answer: Network of transistors (which makes up a logic gate) that have
a charge that can be manipulated by electrons and interpreted as 1's or
0's
⩥ Abstraction.
Answer: Mental model that removes complex details
⩥ Binary Input.
Answer: Begins as discrete input, then keyboard generates binary
number code for each key (ex. "A 1 + 2 = 3 math")
⩥ Analog.
Answer: Continuous data (sounds, images) that requires hardware to
convert into binary
⩥ Alphanumeric.
Answer: Unicode, ASCII, EBCDIC
⩥ Image (Bitmapped).
Answer: GIF, TIFF, PNG
,⩥ Image (Object).
Answer: PostScript, JPEG, SWF, SVG
⩥ Outline Graphics and Fonts.
Answer: PostScript, TrueType
⩥ Sound.
Answer: WAV, AVI, MP3, MIDI, WMA
⩥ Page Description.
Answer: PDF, HTML, XML
⩥ Video.
Answer: MP4, OGG, MPEG-4, WMV, QuickTime
⩥ Integer.
Answer: Whole number
⩥ Real number.
Answer: Contains a decimal point
⩥ BCD.
, Answer: Binary-coded decimal, 6-bit, early implementation of character
codes by IBM
⩥ EBCDIC.
Answer: Extended binary-coded decimal interchange code, 8-bit, one of
the first widely-used computer codes that supported upper and lowercase
alphabetic characters and special characters
⩥ ASCII.
Answer: American Standard Code for Information Interchange, 7-bit,
numerical representation of Latin alphabet, Arabic numerals, standard
punctuation characters
⩥ Collating Sequence.
Answer: ASCII: numbers collate first
EBCDIC: numbers collate last
⩥ Unicode.
Answer: 16-bit, encodes the characters of every language in the world
⩥ Compression.
Answer: Recoding data so that it requires fewer bytes of storage
