CNIT 176 EXAM 1 SCRIPT 2026 FULL
QUESTIONS ANSWERS COMPREHENSIVE
STUDY GUIDE GRADED A+
⩥ Flash Memory.
Answer: inexpensive nonvolatile secondary storage
useful for nonvolatile portable computer storage, digital cameras, tablets,
smartphones
slower rewrite time compared to RAM
⩥ Hyperthreading.
Answer: a technology used by some Intel microprocessor s that allows a
single microprocessor to act like two separate processors to the
operating system and the application programs that use it
⩥ Bus.
Answer: the physical connection that makes it possible to transfer data
from one location in the computer system to another
group of electrical or optical conductors for carrying signals from on
location to another
,⩥ Opcode.
Answer: abbreviated from operation code
the portion of a machine language instruction that specifies the operation
to be performed
⩥ Stack, push, pop.
Answer: Stack
-LIFO method for organizing information
-Items removed in the reverse order form how they are added
Push
-increments pointer then stores data
Pop
-loads data then decrements pointer
⩥ Device Driver.
Answer: a program that controls a particular type of device that is
attached to your computer.
,⩥ Polling I/O.
Answer: identifies interrupting device by polling each device
general interrupt is shared by all devices
⩥ Vectored I/O.
Answer: address of interrupting device is included in the interrupt
requires additional hardware to implement
⩥ Interrupt.
Answer: signal that causes the CPU to alter its normal flow of
instruction execution
notify that an external event has occurred
⩥ Maskable / non-maskable interrupt.
Answer: maskable interrupt
-a one that can be suppressed by software/code. That is to say, it may be
ignored.
Non-maskable interrupts
, -those which can (and should) not be ignored.
⩥ Direct Memory Access controllers.
Answer: method for transferring data between main memory and a
device that bypasses the CPU
⩥ Programmed I/O.
Answer: CPU controlled I/O
⩥ Node / Host.
Answer: any device on a network
⩥ Bandwidth.
Answer: data transfer rate
the speed with which data is moved form on place to another on a
network
⩥ Protocol.
Answer: a set of rules that defines how data is formatted and processed
on a network
⩥ File Server.
QUESTIONS ANSWERS COMPREHENSIVE
STUDY GUIDE GRADED A+
⩥ Flash Memory.
Answer: inexpensive nonvolatile secondary storage
useful for nonvolatile portable computer storage, digital cameras, tablets,
smartphones
slower rewrite time compared to RAM
⩥ Hyperthreading.
Answer: a technology used by some Intel microprocessor s that allows a
single microprocessor to act like two separate processors to the
operating system and the application programs that use it
⩥ Bus.
Answer: the physical connection that makes it possible to transfer data
from one location in the computer system to another
group of electrical or optical conductors for carrying signals from on
location to another
,⩥ Opcode.
Answer: abbreviated from operation code
the portion of a machine language instruction that specifies the operation
to be performed
⩥ Stack, push, pop.
Answer: Stack
-LIFO method for organizing information
-Items removed in the reverse order form how they are added
Push
-increments pointer then stores data
Pop
-loads data then decrements pointer
⩥ Device Driver.
Answer: a program that controls a particular type of device that is
attached to your computer.
,⩥ Polling I/O.
Answer: identifies interrupting device by polling each device
general interrupt is shared by all devices
⩥ Vectored I/O.
Answer: address of interrupting device is included in the interrupt
requires additional hardware to implement
⩥ Interrupt.
Answer: signal that causes the CPU to alter its normal flow of
instruction execution
notify that an external event has occurred
⩥ Maskable / non-maskable interrupt.
Answer: maskable interrupt
-a one that can be suppressed by software/code. That is to say, it may be
ignored.
Non-maskable interrupts
, -those which can (and should) not be ignored.
⩥ Direct Memory Access controllers.
Answer: method for transferring data between main memory and a
device that bypasses the CPU
⩥ Programmed I/O.
Answer: CPU controlled I/O
⩥ Node / Host.
Answer: any device on a network
⩥ Bandwidth.
Answer: data transfer rate
the speed with which data is moved form on place to another on a
network
⩥ Protocol.
Answer: a set of rules that defines how data is formatted and processed
on a network
⩥ File Server.
