Portage Learning Pathophysiology NURS 231 BIOD
331 Final Exam & module 1-10 EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
What are the normal's for the following labs
| | | | | | |
1) Urine Specific Gravity
| | | |
2) Serum Osmolality
| | |
3) ABG (pH, HCO3, PaCO2, PaO2)
| | | | |
4) troponin I
| | |
5) electrolyte panel( Na+, K+, Ca+, Mg+)
| | | | | |
6) BUN & Creatinine
| | |
7) CBC ( hgb, hct, RBC, WBC, platelets) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-1) 1.000-1.030
| | | | | | | | | | |
2) 270-300
|
3) pH 7.35-7.45// HC03 22-26// PaCO2 35-45// Pa02 80-100
| | | | | | | |
4) troponin I <0.03 ng/mL
| | | |
5) Na+ 135-145//K+ 3.5-5// Ca+ 9-10.5//Mg+ 1.2-2
| | | | | |
6) BUN 10-20//Creat 0.5-1.2
| | |
7) hgb 12-18// hct 37-52%// rbc 4.2-6.1// wbc 5,000-10,000// platelets 150,000-
| | | | | | | | | |
400,000
Match the lab profile with the most likely fluid imbalance like A) Fluid Volume
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Deficit 2) Fluid Volume Excess
| | | |
,1) ____Na 148; Hct 40% yesterday, 49% today; serum osmolarity 308
| | | | | | | | | |
2) ____Hgb 13.2 yesterday, 10.1 today; Urine specific gravity 1.001
| | | | | | | | |
3) ____BUN 45; Cr 0.7 - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-1) A
| | | | | | | |
2) B
|
3) A
|
The nurse is preparing to administer lisinopril (Zestril) to a patient with acute
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
coronary syndrome. Which of the following findings should prompt the nurse to
| | | | | | | | | | | |
hold the medication and consult the healthcare provider?
| | | | | | |
a) Serum sodium level 134
| | | |
b) Serum potassium 5.6
| | |
c) Heart rate 58
| | |
d) Blood pressure 125/78 - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-b) Serum potassium 5.6
| | | | | | | | |
*ACE inhibitors can cause/exacerbate hyperkalemia.
| | | |
The nurse is caring for a patient who is in hypovolemic shock following an
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
extensive burn injury. What is the intravenous fluid of choice for this patient in
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
the emergent phase of treatment?
| | | |
a) Lactated Ringers
| |
b) 0.45 NS with 20 mEq potassium chloride
| | | | | | |
c) Fresh Frozen Plasma
| | |
d) 5% Dextrose in saline - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-a) Lactated Ringers
| | | | | | | | |
*Isotonic solutions (crystalloids) are used to restore fluid volume in patients with
| | | | | | | | | | | |
shock. Lactated Ringers is isotonic. Normal saline is also isotonic.
| | | | | | | | |
,The client on a ventilator is assessed for untoward responses to the therapy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Which of the following would indicate a possible complication of ventilator
| | | | | | | | | | |
therapy?
a) Blood pressure has increased 5mmHg in the last 24 hours
| | | | | | | | | |
b) Lung sounds absent on one side.
| | | | | |
c) Forceful cough periodically
| | |
d) Broncho-vesicular breath sounds throughout peripheral lung fields. - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-b) Lung sounds absent on one side. | | | | | |
*This may indicate a pneumothorax--a complication caused by barotrauma.
| | | | | | | |
The pressure reading during inspiration on the ventilator of a client receiving
| | | | | | | | | | | |
mechanical ventilation is high and alarming intermittently. What is the nurse's
| | | | | | | | | | |
first action?
|
a) Assess the client's oxygenation.
| | | |
b) Call the RT to check the ventilator settings.
| | | | | | | |
c) Listen for bilateral lung sounds.
| | | | |
d) Determine whether an air leak is present in the client's endotracheal tube cuff.
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
- CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-a) Assess the client's oxygenation.
| | | | | | |
Which assessment finding best indicates that fluid resuscitation therapy for the
| | | | | | | | | | |
patient with hypertonic dehydration has acheived the desired effect?
| | | | | | | |
a) Peripheral pulses changed from 1+ to 3+
| | | | | | |
b) Neck veins slightly distended @ 30 degrees
| | | | | | |
c) Serum sodium level has changed from 151 to 143.
| | | | | | | | |
d) Pulse oximetry shows oxygen saturation of 95% - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-c)
| | | | | | | | | | |
Serum sodium level has changed from 151 to 143.
| | | | | | | |
, Which intravenous solution should you be prepared to administer to a patient
| | | | | | | | | | | |
with isotonic dehydration?
| |
a) 0.45% saline
| |
b) Dextrose 5% in water
| | | |
c) Dextrose 10% in water
| | | |
d) 0.9% saline - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-d) 0.9% saline
| | | | | | |
A patient is receiving dobutamine [Dobutrex] as a continuous infusion in the
| | | | | | | | | | | |
immediate postoperative period. The patient also is receiving a diuretic. What
| | | | | | | | | | |
adverse drug reactions are possible in this patient? (select all that apply)
| | | | | | | | | | |
a)Angina
b)Hypotension
c)Dysrhythmias
d)Oliguria
e)Tachycardia - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-a)Angina | | |
c)Dysrhythmias
e)Tachycardia
*Is a beta1 aderenergic agonist; general anesthetics can increase the likelihood of
| | | | | | | | | | |
|dysrhythmias. Dobutamine elevates BP by increasing CO. Diuretics complement
| | | | | | | | |
the beneficial effects of dobutamine on the kidney, so urine output would be
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
increased, not decreased. | |
331 Final Exam & module 1-10 EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
What are the normal's for the following labs
| | | | | | |
1) Urine Specific Gravity
| | | |
2) Serum Osmolality
| | |
3) ABG (pH, HCO3, PaCO2, PaO2)
| | | | |
4) troponin I
| | |
5) electrolyte panel( Na+, K+, Ca+, Mg+)
| | | | | |
6) BUN & Creatinine
| | |
7) CBC ( hgb, hct, RBC, WBC, platelets) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-1) 1.000-1.030
| | | | | | | | | | |
2) 270-300
|
3) pH 7.35-7.45// HC03 22-26// PaCO2 35-45// Pa02 80-100
| | | | | | | |
4) troponin I <0.03 ng/mL
| | | |
5) Na+ 135-145//K+ 3.5-5// Ca+ 9-10.5//Mg+ 1.2-2
| | | | | |
6) BUN 10-20//Creat 0.5-1.2
| | |
7) hgb 12-18// hct 37-52%// rbc 4.2-6.1// wbc 5,000-10,000// platelets 150,000-
| | | | | | | | | |
400,000
Match the lab profile with the most likely fluid imbalance like A) Fluid Volume
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Deficit 2) Fluid Volume Excess
| | | |
,1) ____Na 148; Hct 40% yesterday, 49% today; serum osmolarity 308
| | | | | | | | | |
2) ____Hgb 13.2 yesterday, 10.1 today; Urine specific gravity 1.001
| | | | | | | | |
3) ____BUN 45; Cr 0.7 - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-1) A
| | | | | | | |
2) B
|
3) A
|
The nurse is preparing to administer lisinopril (Zestril) to a patient with acute
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
coronary syndrome. Which of the following findings should prompt the nurse to
| | | | | | | | | | | |
hold the medication and consult the healthcare provider?
| | | | | | |
a) Serum sodium level 134
| | | |
b) Serum potassium 5.6
| | |
c) Heart rate 58
| | |
d) Blood pressure 125/78 - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-b) Serum potassium 5.6
| | | | | | | | |
*ACE inhibitors can cause/exacerbate hyperkalemia.
| | | |
The nurse is caring for a patient who is in hypovolemic shock following an
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
extensive burn injury. What is the intravenous fluid of choice for this patient in
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
the emergent phase of treatment?
| | | |
a) Lactated Ringers
| |
b) 0.45 NS with 20 mEq potassium chloride
| | | | | | |
c) Fresh Frozen Plasma
| | |
d) 5% Dextrose in saline - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-a) Lactated Ringers
| | | | | | | | |
*Isotonic solutions (crystalloids) are used to restore fluid volume in patients with
| | | | | | | | | | | |
shock. Lactated Ringers is isotonic. Normal saline is also isotonic.
| | | | | | | | |
,The client on a ventilator is assessed for untoward responses to the therapy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Which of the following would indicate a possible complication of ventilator
| | | | | | | | | | |
therapy?
a) Blood pressure has increased 5mmHg in the last 24 hours
| | | | | | | | | |
b) Lung sounds absent on one side.
| | | | | |
c) Forceful cough periodically
| | |
d) Broncho-vesicular breath sounds throughout peripheral lung fields. - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-b) Lung sounds absent on one side. | | | | | |
*This may indicate a pneumothorax--a complication caused by barotrauma.
| | | | | | | |
The pressure reading during inspiration on the ventilator of a client receiving
| | | | | | | | | | | |
mechanical ventilation is high and alarming intermittently. What is the nurse's
| | | | | | | | | | |
first action?
|
a) Assess the client's oxygenation.
| | | |
b) Call the RT to check the ventilator settings.
| | | | | | | |
c) Listen for bilateral lung sounds.
| | | | |
d) Determine whether an air leak is present in the client's endotracheal tube cuff.
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
- CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-a) Assess the client's oxygenation.
| | | | | | |
Which assessment finding best indicates that fluid resuscitation therapy for the
| | | | | | | | | | |
patient with hypertonic dehydration has acheived the desired effect?
| | | | | | | |
a) Peripheral pulses changed from 1+ to 3+
| | | | | | |
b) Neck veins slightly distended @ 30 degrees
| | | | | | |
c) Serum sodium level has changed from 151 to 143.
| | | | | | | | |
d) Pulse oximetry shows oxygen saturation of 95% - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-c)
| | | | | | | | | | |
Serum sodium level has changed from 151 to 143.
| | | | | | | |
, Which intravenous solution should you be prepared to administer to a patient
| | | | | | | | | | | |
with isotonic dehydration?
| |
a) 0.45% saline
| |
b) Dextrose 5% in water
| | | |
c) Dextrose 10% in water
| | | |
d) 0.9% saline - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-d) 0.9% saline
| | | | | | |
A patient is receiving dobutamine [Dobutrex] as a continuous infusion in the
| | | | | | | | | | | |
immediate postoperative period. The patient also is receiving a diuretic. What
| | | | | | | | | | |
adverse drug reactions are possible in this patient? (select all that apply)
| | | | | | | | | | |
a)Angina
b)Hypotension
c)Dysrhythmias
d)Oliguria
e)Tachycardia - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-a)Angina | | |
c)Dysrhythmias
e)Tachycardia
*Is a beta1 aderenergic agonist; general anesthetics can increase the likelihood of
| | | | | | | | | | |
|dysrhythmias. Dobutamine elevates BP by increasing CO. Diuretics complement
| | | | | | | | |
the beneficial effects of dobutamine on the kidney, so urine output would be
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
increased, not decreased. | |
