NUR1460C EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION

Hypercalcemia (Underlying Causes)


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- Prolonged bed rest
- Hyperparathyroidism
- Bone malignancy
- Piaget disease
- Osteoporosis

,Hyperkalemia (Clinical Manifestations)


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- Anxiety, irritability, confusion
- Dysrhythmias (including bradycardia & heart block)
- Muscle weakness, flaccid paralysis
- Paresthesia
- Abdominal cramping




Phosphate (PO43-) Function


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- Most abundant anion in the ICF
- Helps maintain bone & teeth structure (along with calcium)
- Role in cellular metabolism & ATP production
- Essential for carbohydrate metabolism




Metabolic (Acid-Base)


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HCO3- Abnormal




Metabolic Acidosis (Interventions)


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, - Assess vital signs (especially respiratory rate & rhythm, BP, & pulse ox)
- Monitor cardiac rhythm
- Monitor ABGs & serum electrolytes, glucose, & BUN or creatinine
- Monitor LOC
- Have mechanical ventilation available as needed
- Administer sodium bicarbonate as ordered




Hypermagnesemia (Lab Values)


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Magnesium (Mg2+) > 2.1 mEq/L




Respiratory Acidosis


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pH low
PCO2 high
HCO3 normal




SpO2 or SaO2
(Normal Range for Adults)


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95%-100%

, Hyponatremia (Lab Value)


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Sodium (Na+) < 136 mEg/L




Metabolic Alkalosis


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pH high
PCO2 normal
HCO3 high




Magnesium (Mg2+) Sources


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- Cashews
- Halibut
- Swiss chard & other leafy vegetables
- Tofu
- Wheat germ
- Dried fruit




Respiratory Alkalosis (Clinical Manifestations)


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