Page 1 of 88
CELLULAR REGULATION AND SENSORY EXAM 5 NCLEX
EXAM NEWEST 2026 EXAM QUESTIONS LATEST VERSION
SOLVED QUESTIONS & ANSWERS VERIFIED
Questions Nur 113
A patient with hepatic encephalopathy who is allergic to lactulose is
prescribed rifaximin. What is the therapeutic goal of rifaximin?
A. Decrease intestinal bacteria producing ammonia
B. Reduce portal vein pressure
C. Stimulate peristalsis
D. Increase protein synthesis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rifaximin is an oral antibiotic that reduces intestinal bacteria, lowering
ammonia levels.
A patient is prescribed phenytoin (Dilantin) for seizure prevention. Which
patient statement requires further teaching?
A. "I will brush and floss regularly to prevent gum problems."
B. "I'll have my blood levels checked routinely."
C. "If I feel drowsy, I'll stop taking the medication for a few days."
D. "I'll use another form of birth control because this drug can reduce
effectiveness."
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Phenytoin must not be stopped abruptly as it may lead to status
epilepticus. Drowsiness should be reported but not self-managed.
, Page 2 of 88
The nurse is administering valproic acid (Depakote) to a patient with epilepsy.
Which nursing interventions are appropriate?
Select all that apply.
A. Monitor liver function tests
B. Assess for signs of bleeding
C. Instruct the patient to avoid alcohol
D. Crush the tablets for easier swallowing
E. Monitor ammonia levels if mental status changes
Correct Answers: A, B, C, E
Rationale: Valproic acid can cause hepatotoxicity and thrombocytopenia. Alcohol
increases CNS depression. Crushing is not recommended due to potential enteric
coating. Ammonia may increase with valproic acid toxicity.
Which adverse effect is most associated with carbamazepine (Tegretol)?
A. Gingival hyperplasia
B. Stevens-Johnson syndrome
C. Hyperkalemia
D. Hearing loss
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Carbamazepine can cause rare but serious dermatologic reactions like
Stevens-Johnson syndrome, especially in Asian patients with the HLA-B*1502 allele.
The nurse is teaching a patient starting levetiracetam (Keppra). Which
statements indicate understanding of the medication?
Select all that apply.
A. "I may feel tired or dizzy when starting this medication."
B. "I should avoid driving until I know how it affects me."
C. "I can take this medication with or without food."
D. "This medication requires weekly blood levels."
E. "If I miss a dose, I'll double up next time."
Correct Answers: A, B, C
Rationale: Levetiracetam commonly causes fatigue and dizziness. Driving should be
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avoided initially. It does not require serum drug monitoring. Doses should never be
doubled.
Which anticonvulsant requires therapeutic drug level monitoring due to its
narrow therapeutic index?
A. Lamotrigine
B. Levetiracetam
C. Phenytoin
D. Topiramate
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Phenytoin requires monitoring (10-20 mcg/mL). Others listed typically do
not need routine drug level checks.
Which side effects or toxicities should the nurse monitor in a patient taking
phenytoin?
Select all that apply.
A. Nystagmus
B. Ataxia
C. Hyperglycemia
D. Bradycardia
E. Gingival hyperplasia
Correct Answers: A, B, D, E
Rationale: Phenytoin toxicity may cause nystagmus, ataxia, and bradycardia.
Gingival hyperplasia is a well-known adverse effect. Hyperglycemia is not a common
concern.
A nurse is caring for a patient taking lamotrigine (Lamictal). Which adverse
effect should be reported immediately?
A. Nausea
B. Rash
C. Insomnia
D. Headache
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Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A rash from lamotrigine could indicate Stevens-Johnson syndrome, a life-
threatening reaction.
A child begins to have a tonic-clonic seizure in the hospital. What is the
nurse's priority action?
A. Restrain the child's arms and legs
B. Place a padded tongue blade in the child's mouth
C. Turn the child to a side-lying position
D. Call the physician immediately
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Turning the child to the side helps maintain an open airway and prevents
aspiration. Never restrain or insert objects in the mouth during a seizure.
Which of the following are appropriate nursing actions during and after a
pediatric seizure?
Select all that apply.
A. Time the seizure duration
B. Insert an oropharyngeal airway
C. Loosen restrictive clothing
D. Stay with the child
E. Provide oxygen if ordered
Correct Answers: A, C, D, E
Rationale: Time the seizure, maintain safety, provide oxygen as needed, and stay
with the child. Oral airways or objects should not be inserted during a seizure.
A child with a history of febrile seizures is brought to the ER with a temp of
103.8°F. The nurse's most appropriate action is to:
A. Give aspirin to reduce the fever
B. Sponge the child with ice water
C. Administer acetaminophen as ordered
D. Administer diazepam to prevent another seizure
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Antipyretics like acetaminophen are used to manage fever. Aspirin is
CELLULAR REGULATION AND SENSORY EXAM 5 NCLEX
EXAM NEWEST 2026 EXAM QUESTIONS LATEST VERSION
SOLVED QUESTIONS & ANSWERS VERIFIED
Questions Nur 113
A patient with hepatic encephalopathy who is allergic to lactulose is
prescribed rifaximin. What is the therapeutic goal of rifaximin?
A. Decrease intestinal bacteria producing ammonia
B. Reduce portal vein pressure
C. Stimulate peristalsis
D. Increase protein synthesis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rifaximin is an oral antibiotic that reduces intestinal bacteria, lowering
ammonia levels.
A patient is prescribed phenytoin (Dilantin) for seizure prevention. Which
patient statement requires further teaching?
A. "I will brush and floss regularly to prevent gum problems."
B. "I'll have my blood levels checked routinely."
C. "If I feel drowsy, I'll stop taking the medication for a few days."
D. "I'll use another form of birth control because this drug can reduce
effectiveness."
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Phenytoin must not be stopped abruptly as it may lead to status
epilepticus. Drowsiness should be reported but not self-managed.
, Page 2 of 88
The nurse is administering valproic acid (Depakote) to a patient with epilepsy.
Which nursing interventions are appropriate?
Select all that apply.
A. Monitor liver function tests
B. Assess for signs of bleeding
C. Instruct the patient to avoid alcohol
D. Crush the tablets for easier swallowing
E. Monitor ammonia levels if mental status changes
Correct Answers: A, B, C, E
Rationale: Valproic acid can cause hepatotoxicity and thrombocytopenia. Alcohol
increases CNS depression. Crushing is not recommended due to potential enteric
coating. Ammonia may increase with valproic acid toxicity.
Which adverse effect is most associated with carbamazepine (Tegretol)?
A. Gingival hyperplasia
B. Stevens-Johnson syndrome
C. Hyperkalemia
D. Hearing loss
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Carbamazepine can cause rare but serious dermatologic reactions like
Stevens-Johnson syndrome, especially in Asian patients with the HLA-B*1502 allele.
The nurse is teaching a patient starting levetiracetam (Keppra). Which
statements indicate understanding of the medication?
Select all that apply.
A. "I may feel tired or dizzy when starting this medication."
B. "I should avoid driving until I know how it affects me."
C. "I can take this medication with or without food."
D. "This medication requires weekly blood levels."
E. "If I miss a dose, I'll double up next time."
Correct Answers: A, B, C
Rationale: Levetiracetam commonly causes fatigue and dizziness. Driving should be
, Page 3 of 88
avoided initially. It does not require serum drug monitoring. Doses should never be
doubled.
Which anticonvulsant requires therapeutic drug level monitoring due to its
narrow therapeutic index?
A. Lamotrigine
B. Levetiracetam
C. Phenytoin
D. Topiramate
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Phenytoin requires monitoring (10-20 mcg/mL). Others listed typically do
not need routine drug level checks.
Which side effects or toxicities should the nurse monitor in a patient taking
phenytoin?
Select all that apply.
A. Nystagmus
B. Ataxia
C. Hyperglycemia
D. Bradycardia
E. Gingival hyperplasia
Correct Answers: A, B, D, E
Rationale: Phenytoin toxicity may cause nystagmus, ataxia, and bradycardia.
Gingival hyperplasia is a well-known adverse effect. Hyperglycemia is not a common
concern.
A nurse is caring for a patient taking lamotrigine (Lamictal). Which adverse
effect should be reported immediately?
A. Nausea
B. Rash
C. Insomnia
D. Headache
, Page 4 of 88
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A rash from lamotrigine could indicate Stevens-Johnson syndrome, a life-
threatening reaction.
A child begins to have a tonic-clonic seizure in the hospital. What is the
nurse's priority action?
A. Restrain the child's arms and legs
B. Place a padded tongue blade in the child's mouth
C. Turn the child to a side-lying position
D. Call the physician immediately
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Turning the child to the side helps maintain an open airway and prevents
aspiration. Never restrain or insert objects in the mouth during a seizure.
Which of the following are appropriate nursing actions during and after a
pediatric seizure?
Select all that apply.
A. Time the seizure duration
B. Insert an oropharyngeal airway
C. Loosen restrictive clothing
D. Stay with the child
E. Provide oxygen if ordered
Correct Answers: A, C, D, E
Rationale: Time the seizure, maintain safety, provide oxygen as needed, and stay
with the child. Oral airways or objects should not be inserted during a seizure.
A child with a history of febrile seizures is brought to the ER with a temp of
103.8°F. The nurse's most appropriate action is to:
A. Give aspirin to reduce the fever
B. Sponge the child with ice water
C. Administer acetaminophen as ordered
D. Administer diazepam to prevent another seizure
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Antipyretics like acetaminophen are used to manage fever. Aspirin is
