NURS 231 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY MODULE 8
EXAM RENAL SYSTEM 2026 PORTAGE
LEARNING ACTUAL TEST COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS VERIFIED
LATEST UPDATE GRADED A+
⩥ Barrett esophagus
is an example of dysplasia.
Answer: false
⩥ hypertrophy is an increase in the size of an organ or tissue caused by
an increase in the number of cells.
Answer: True
⩥ Lack of nerve stimulation can cause cells to atrophy.
Answer: True
⩥ proportion of people with a disease who are positive for the disease.
Answer: sensitivity
⩥ how likely the same result will occur if repeated.
Answer: reliability
,⩥ how a tool measures what it is intended to measure.
Answer: validity
⩥ people without the disease who are negative on a given test.
Answer: specificity
⩥ Which is NOT true of the cytoskeleton?.
Answer: it includes peroxisomes and proteasomes
⩥ Which of the following are true of the cell? Select all that apply..
Answer: 1: Proteins carry out the functions of the cell membrane
2:Lysosomes are the digestive system of the cell
3:Microfilaments are thin, threadlike cytoplasmic structures
⩥ Which are true of the cell membrane? Select all that apply..
Answer: 1: Controls the transport of materials from the outside fluids to
within
2:Helps with the conduction of electrical currents in nerve and muscle
cells
3: Aids in the regulation of cell growth and proliferation
,⩥ Which are false of the mitochondria? Select all that apply..
Answer: 1: They are found far from the site of energy consumption.
2:They control free radicals.
⩥ High blood pressure is an example of which of the following?.
Answer: pathophysiology
⩥ A patient complains of chest pain and an elevated blood pressure.
What are these examples of?.
Answer: signs and symptoms
⩥ Which of the following is true of a test's sensitivity?.
Answer: If negative, it can safely be assumed that the person does not
have a disease
⩥ Chemical agents (poison, alcohol) are examples of which of the
following?.
Answer: Etiologic factors
⩥ Define tertiary prevention and give an example:.
Answer: Tertiary prevention occurs after a disease has been diagnosed
and clinical intervention is needed to reduce complications or
deterioration. One example is the use of certain medications one must
take after a heart attack to help reduce the risk of a future event or death.
, ⩥ Compare and contrast the two types of gangrenous necrosis..
Answer: In dry gangrene the affected tissue becomes dry and shrinks,
the skin wrinkles, and its color changes to dark brown or black. The
spread of dry gangrene is slow. It results from a cut off in arterial blood
supply and is a form of coagulation necrosis. In wet gangrene, the
affected area is cold, swollen, and pulseless. The skin is moist, black,
and under tension. Blebs form on the surface, liquefaction occurs, and a
foul odor is caused by bacterial action. The spread of tissue damage is
rapid.
⩥ Explain what necrosis is and give an example and description of one
type of necrosis..
Answer: necrosis is cell death to an organ or tissue with still being apart
of a living person. An example of this would be luiquefactive necrosis.
this is when the cells die and the catalytic enzymes do not get destroyed
after the cells death. This could cause necrosis
⩥ sunburn.
Answer: radiation injury
⩥ obesity.
Answer: nutritional imbalances
⩥ reactive oxygen species.
EXAM RENAL SYSTEM 2026 PORTAGE
LEARNING ACTUAL TEST COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS VERIFIED
LATEST UPDATE GRADED A+
⩥ Barrett esophagus
is an example of dysplasia.
Answer: false
⩥ hypertrophy is an increase in the size of an organ or tissue caused by
an increase in the number of cells.
Answer: True
⩥ Lack of nerve stimulation can cause cells to atrophy.
Answer: True
⩥ proportion of people with a disease who are positive for the disease.
Answer: sensitivity
⩥ how likely the same result will occur if repeated.
Answer: reliability
,⩥ how a tool measures what it is intended to measure.
Answer: validity
⩥ people without the disease who are negative on a given test.
Answer: specificity
⩥ Which is NOT true of the cytoskeleton?.
Answer: it includes peroxisomes and proteasomes
⩥ Which of the following are true of the cell? Select all that apply..
Answer: 1: Proteins carry out the functions of the cell membrane
2:Lysosomes are the digestive system of the cell
3:Microfilaments are thin, threadlike cytoplasmic structures
⩥ Which are true of the cell membrane? Select all that apply..
Answer: 1: Controls the transport of materials from the outside fluids to
within
2:Helps with the conduction of electrical currents in nerve and muscle
cells
3: Aids in the regulation of cell growth and proliferation
,⩥ Which are false of the mitochondria? Select all that apply..
Answer: 1: They are found far from the site of energy consumption.
2:They control free radicals.
⩥ High blood pressure is an example of which of the following?.
Answer: pathophysiology
⩥ A patient complains of chest pain and an elevated blood pressure.
What are these examples of?.
Answer: signs and symptoms
⩥ Which of the following is true of a test's sensitivity?.
Answer: If negative, it can safely be assumed that the person does not
have a disease
⩥ Chemical agents (poison, alcohol) are examples of which of the
following?.
Answer: Etiologic factors
⩥ Define tertiary prevention and give an example:.
Answer: Tertiary prevention occurs after a disease has been diagnosed
and clinical intervention is needed to reduce complications or
deterioration. One example is the use of certain medications one must
take after a heart attack to help reduce the risk of a future event or death.
, ⩥ Compare and contrast the two types of gangrenous necrosis..
Answer: In dry gangrene the affected tissue becomes dry and shrinks,
the skin wrinkles, and its color changes to dark brown or black. The
spread of dry gangrene is slow. It results from a cut off in arterial blood
supply and is a form of coagulation necrosis. In wet gangrene, the
affected area is cold, swollen, and pulseless. The skin is moist, black,
and under tension. Blebs form on the surface, liquefaction occurs, and a
foul odor is caused by bacterial action. The spread of tissue damage is
rapid.
⩥ Explain what necrosis is and give an example and description of one
type of necrosis..
Answer: necrosis is cell death to an organ or tissue with still being apart
of a living person. An example of this would be luiquefactive necrosis.
this is when the cells die and the catalytic enzymes do not get destroyed
after the cells death. This could cause necrosis
⩥ sunburn.
Answer: radiation injury
⩥ obesity.
Answer: nutritional imbalances
⩥ reactive oxygen species.
