LEWIS MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING
STUDY GUIDE 2026 QUESTIONS ANSWERS
GRADED A+
⩥What is the purpose of data collection in nursing?
Answer: To determine the patient's problem and establish a baseline for
comparison.
⩥What type of data includes symptoms reported by the patient?
Answer: Subjective Data.
⩥What is an example of subjective data?
Answer: Pain, shortness of breath, anxiety, nausea.
⩥What type of data includes observable signs?
Answer: Objective Data.
⩥What is an example of objective data?
Answer: Vital signs, cyanosis, lab results.
⩥What are the normal adult vital signs for blood pressure?
Answer: 90/60 - <120/80.
, ⩥What is the definition of a disease?
Answer: A disturbance of body structure or function identified by
clusters of signs and symptoms.
⩥What are the origins of disease categorized into?
Answer: Genetic, congenital, degenerative, deficiency, metabolic,
neoplastic, traumatic, environmental, and unknown etiology.
⩥What are the cardinal signs of inflammation?
Answer: Pain, edema, erythema, heat, loss of function.
⩥What does purulent drainage indicate?
Answer: Bacterial infection.
⩥What is the difference between acute and chronic disease?
Answer: Acute: sudden and severe; Chronic: slow onset and long-term.
⩥What are the four major categories of risk factors for disease?
Answer: Genetic & Physiologic, Age, Lifestyle, Environment.
⩥What is the most preventable cause of death?
STUDY GUIDE 2026 QUESTIONS ANSWERS
GRADED A+
⩥What is the purpose of data collection in nursing?
Answer: To determine the patient's problem and establish a baseline for
comparison.
⩥What type of data includes symptoms reported by the patient?
Answer: Subjective Data.
⩥What is an example of subjective data?
Answer: Pain, shortness of breath, anxiety, nausea.
⩥What type of data includes observable signs?
Answer: Objective Data.
⩥What is an example of objective data?
Answer: Vital signs, cyanosis, lab results.
⩥What are the normal adult vital signs for blood pressure?
Answer: 90/60 - <120/80.
, ⩥What is the definition of a disease?
Answer: A disturbance of body structure or function identified by
clusters of signs and symptoms.
⩥What are the origins of disease categorized into?
Answer: Genetic, congenital, degenerative, deficiency, metabolic,
neoplastic, traumatic, environmental, and unknown etiology.
⩥What are the cardinal signs of inflammation?
Answer: Pain, edema, erythema, heat, loss of function.
⩥What does purulent drainage indicate?
Answer: Bacterial infection.
⩥What is the difference between acute and chronic disease?
Answer: Acute: sudden and severe; Chronic: slow onset and long-term.
⩥What are the four major categories of risk factors for disease?
Answer: Genetic & Physiologic, Age, Lifestyle, Environment.
⩥What is the most preventable cause of death?
