When were the two great outbursts of the Ebola virus?
In the second outburst, where were the most infections (three)
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!972 and 2014-2016
Guinea
Sierra Leone
Liberia
Bluegill Sunfish (the three types of males)
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Has three males types:
Parental male: territorial and provides all nutrients and care for offspring
Satellite: looks like females and disguises like them to share some eggs
, from females
Sneakers: very small and sneak their sperm into nests
What is the trade off hypothesis in pathogen adaptation?
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cost of pathogen replication increases level of virulence which causes the
host to die
benefit of pathogen replication is that it is required for transmission to new
hosts
replication rate then evolved to maximizes transmission and spread to new
hosts and natural selection for pathogens acts on this
What influences how much should offspring try to acquire from parents?
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a specific gene that influences demand for resources
what are the two types of malaria?
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one in the asexual stages and one in gametocytes
,What is the best case scenario of the provisioning rate wanted in a parent offspring
conflict?
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Maximum benefit - cost (natural selection will look for this)
B(p) - 1/2C(p) for offspring
1/2B(p) - 1/2C(p)
Virulence
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the severity of the disease is assessed by reduction (consequences) in the
host fitness due to that disease
often looked as the additional mortality rate that a pathogen imposes on an
infected host
Altruism shown in long-tailed tits
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When nests are destroyed they leave and go help other adults to make
their nests but they don't help if there are no relatives around. Prefer to
help kin nests
What influences how much a parent should provide for their offspring?
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a specific gene that influence the supplying of resources
Kin Selection
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the process by which evolution selects for individuals who cooperate with
their relatives
Female choice and acoustic cues: complex calls in the Tungara frog
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females prefer more complex calls with more chunks but this has a cost
because bats also prefer these calls so this decreases survival
Sexual Selection
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A form of natural selection in which individuals with certain inherited
characteristics are more likely than other individuals to obtain mates.
Adds on to natural selection of survival and reproduction
In the second outburst, where were the most infections (three)
Give this one a try later!
!972 and 2014-2016
Guinea
Sierra Leone
Liberia
Bluegill Sunfish (the three types of males)
Give this one a try later!
Has three males types:
Parental male: territorial and provides all nutrients and care for offspring
Satellite: looks like females and disguises like them to share some eggs
, from females
Sneakers: very small and sneak their sperm into nests
What is the trade off hypothesis in pathogen adaptation?
Give this one a try later!
cost of pathogen replication increases level of virulence which causes the
host to die
benefit of pathogen replication is that it is required for transmission to new
hosts
replication rate then evolved to maximizes transmission and spread to new
hosts and natural selection for pathogens acts on this
What influences how much should offspring try to acquire from parents?
Give this one a try later!
a specific gene that influences demand for resources
what are the two types of malaria?
Give this one a try later!
one in the asexual stages and one in gametocytes
,What is the best case scenario of the provisioning rate wanted in a parent offspring
conflict?
Give this one a try later!
Maximum benefit - cost (natural selection will look for this)
B(p) - 1/2C(p) for offspring
1/2B(p) - 1/2C(p)
Virulence
Give this one a try later!
the severity of the disease is assessed by reduction (consequences) in the
host fitness due to that disease
often looked as the additional mortality rate that a pathogen imposes on an
infected host
Altruism shown in long-tailed tits
Give this one a try later!
When nests are destroyed they leave and go help other adults to make
their nests but they don't help if there are no relatives around. Prefer to
help kin nests
What influences how much a parent should provide for their offspring?
, Give this one a try later!
a specific gene that influence the supplying of resources
Kin Selection
Give this one a try later!
the process by which evolution selects for individuals who cooperate with
their relatives
Female choice and acoustic cues: complex calls in the Tungara frog
Give this one a try later!
females prefer more complex calls with more chunks but this has a cost
because bats also prefer these calls so this decreases survival
Sexual Selection
Give this one a try later!
A form of natural selection in which individuals with certain inherited
characteristics are more likely than other individuals to obtain mates.
Adds on to natural selection of survival and reproduction
