HESI PN FUNDAMENTALS PROCTORED EXAM (9 LATEST
VERSION)
HESI PN FUNDAMENTALS – PRACTICE EXAM (Questions 1–70)
1. A nurse is caring for a client on contact precautions. Which action is most
important when entering the room?
A. Wear an N95 respirator
B. Don a gown and gloves before entering
C. Keep the door closed at all times
D. Remove PPE after leaving the room
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Contact precautions require gown and gloves before entering the
room. N95 is for airborne. Door closure is not required for contact. PPE is
removed inside the room before exiting.
2. A client with a urinary catheter reports a feeling of bladder fullness. What
should the nurse do first?
A. Irrigate the catheter
B. Check for kinks in the tubing
C. Increase fluid intake
D. Remove the catheter
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Kinks or obstruction prevent drainage, causing bladder distension.
Always check tubing first before invasive steps like irrigation.
3. Which client is at highest risk for falls?
A. 45-year-old with pneumonia
B. 78-year-old post-stroke with confusion
C. 30-year-old with a fractured ankle
D. 60-year-old with hypertension
,Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Older age + neurological deficit (stroke) + confusion = multiple fall risk
factors.
4. A nurse is teaching a client about a low-sodium diet. Which food choice
indicates understanding?
A. Canned vegetable soup
B. Fresh grilled chicken breast
C. Pickles
D. Ham sandwich
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fresh, unprocessed meats are low in sodium. Canned soup, pickles, and
ham are high in sodium.
5. A client refuses to take their prescribed antibiotic. What should the nurse do
first?
A. Hide the medication in food
B. Notify the provider
C. Document the refusal and explore reasons
D. Ask another nurse to persuade the client
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: First, assess why (side effects, fear, beliefs). Documentation is required.
Never coerce or hide meds.
6. When performing hand hygiene, how long should the nurse rub hands
together with alcohol-based hand rub?
A. 5 seconds
B. 15 seconds
C. 30 seconds
D. 60 seconds
,Correct Answer: B
Rationale: CDC recommends rubbing until dry, about 15–20 seconds. 5 seconds is
insufficient.
7. A client on a clear liquid diet is allowed which of the following?
A. Orange juice with pulp
B. Cream of chicken soup
C. Black coffee
D. Vanilla pudding
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Clear liquids are transparent at room temp: black coffee, clear broth,
gelatin, apple juice. No pulp, cream, or pudding.
8. The nurse is positioning a client for an enema. Which position is most
appropriate?
A. Supine
B. Fowler's
C. Left side-lying (Sims')
D. Trendelenburg
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Left side-lying (Sims') uses gravity to aid flow into sigmoid colon.
9. A client has an advance directive stating "no tube feeding." The client is now
unconscious. The family requests a feeding tube. What should the nurse do?
A. Insert the tube as the family requests
B. Refuse to insert the tube based on the advance directive
C. Call the ethics committee
D. Ask the provider to decide
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Advance directives must be honored. The nurse advocates for the
client’s previously stated wishes.
, 10. Which finding indicates a NPO client may be ready to resume oral intake?
A. Absent bowel sounds
B. Passing flatus
C. Nausea present
D. Abdominal distension
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Passing flatus indicates return of peristalsis. NPO post-op or post-
bowel surgery is discontinued when flatus or bowel sounds return.
11. A nurse is assessing a client’s pulse. Which pulse site is most reliable in an
unresponsive adult?
A. Radial
B. Brachial
C. Carotid
D. Dorsalis pedis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Carotid is central and easiest to palpate in an unresponsive adult or
during CPR.
12. A client with an indwelling urinary catheter has cloudy, foul-smelling urine.
What should the nurse do first?
A. Change the catheter
B. Obtain a urinalysis order
C. Increase fluid intake
D. Clamp the catheter
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cloudy, foul urine suggests infection. Obtain specimen for
urinalysis/culture before starting antibiotics or changing catheter unless ordered.
VERSION)
HESI PN FUNDAMENTALS – PRACTICE EXAM (Questions 1–70)
1. A nurse is caring for a client on contact precautions. Which action is most
important when entering the room?
A. Wear an N95 respirator
B. Don a gown and gloves before entering
C. Keep the door closed at all times
D. Remove PPE after leaving the room
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Contact precautions require gown and gloves before entering the
room. N95 is for airborne. Door closure is not required for contact. PPE is
removed inside the room before exiting.
2. A client with a urinary catheter reports a feeling of bladder fullness. What
should the nurse do first?
A. Irrigate the catheter
B. Check for kinks in the tubing
C. Increase fluid intake
D. Remove the catheter
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Kinks or obstruction prevent drainage, causing bladder distension.
Always check tubing first before invasive steps like irrigation.
3. Which client is at highest risk for falls?
A. 45-year-old with pneumonia
B. 78-year-old post-stroke with confusion
C. 30-year-old with a fractured ankle
D. 60-year-old with hypertension
,Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Older age + neurological deficit (stroke) + confusion = multiple fall risk
factors.
4. A nurse is teaching a client about a low-sodium diet. Which food choice
indicates understanding?
A. Canned vegetable soup
B. Fresh grilled chicken breast
C. Pickles
D. Ham sandwich
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fresh, unprocessed meats are low in sodium. Canned soup, pickles, and
ham are high in sodium.
5. A client refuses to take their prescribed antibiotic. What should the nurse do
first?
A. Hide the medication in food
B. Notify the provider
C. Document the refusal and explore reasons
D. Ask another nurse to persuade the client
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: First, assess why (side effects, fear, beliefs). Documentation is required.
Never coerce or hide meds.
6. When performing hand hygiene, how long should the nurse rub hands
together with alcohol-based hand rub?
A. 5 seconds
B. 15 seconds
C. 30 seconds
D. 60 seconds
,Correct Answer: B
Rationale: CDC recommends rubbing until dry, about 15–20 seconds. 5 seconds is
insufficient.
7. A client on a clear liquid diet is allowed which of the following?
A. Orange juice with pulp
B. Cream of chicken soup
C. Black coffee
D. Vanilla pudding
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Clear liquids are transparent at room temp: black coffee, clear broth,
gelatin, apple juice. No pulp, cream, or pudding.
8. The nurse is positioning a client for an enema. Which position is most
appropriate?
A. Supine
B. Fowler's
C. Left side-lying (Sims')
D. Trendelenburg
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Left side-lying (Sims') uses gravity to aid flow into sigmoid colon.
9. A client has an advance directive stating "no tube feeding." The client is now
unconscious. The family requests a feeding tube. What should the nurse do?
A. Insert the tube as the family requests
B. Refuse to insert the tube based on the advance directive
C. Call the ethics committee
D. Ask the provider to decide
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Advance directives must be honored. The nurse advocates for the
client’s previously stated wishes.
, 10. Which finding indicates a NPO client may be ready to resume oral intake?
A. Absent bowel sounds
B. Passing flatus
C. Nausea present
D. Abdominal distension
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Passing flatus indicates return of peristalsis. NPO post-op or post-
bowel surgery is discontinued when flatus or bowel sounds return.
11. A nurse is assessing a client’s pulse. Which pulse site is most reliable in an
unresponsive adult?
A. Radial
B. Brachial
C. Carotid
D. Dorsalis pedis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Carotid is central and easiest to palpate in an unresponsive adult or
during CPR.
12. A client with an indwelling urinary catheter has cloudy, foul-smelling urine.
What should the nurse do first?
A. Change the catheter
B. Obtain a urinalysis order
C. Increase fluid intake
D. Clamp the catheter
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cloudy, foul urine suggests infection. Obtain specimen for
urinalysis/culture before starting antibiotics or changing catheter unless ordered.
