AND REVISED IN 2025-2026 DECEMBER
LETRS Unit 1 - Session 1
Phonics - Correct - ANSWER -> relationship between letters and sounds. Code based
instruction.
Phonemic Awareness - Correct - ANSWER -> awareness of individual speech sounds
(consonants and vowels) in spoken syllables and the ability to consciously manipulate
those sounds.
Alphabetic Writing is less than ____________ years old. - Correct - ANSWER -> 5,000
90% of all spoken languages have no - Correct - ANSWER -> written form, let alone an
alphabet that represents the separate sounds of speech.
Syllable - Correct - ANSWER -> the unit of pronunciation that is organized around a
vowel; it may or may not have a consonant after the vowel.
Egyptians invented the first alphabet in - Correct - ANSWER -> 2,000 BCE
Phoenician alphabet was developed in and was the granfather of our
alphabet 19 of 26 letters can be traced. - Correct - ANSWER -> 1,000 BCE
Modern American English spelling was settled in 1828 with - Correct - ANSWER ->
Webster's Dictionary
Orthograpy - Correct - ANSWER -> a writing system for representing language
Morphonphonemic - Correct - ANSWER -> alphabetic writing principle organized by
both sound-symbol correspondences and morphology.
Morpheme - Correct - ANSWER -> the smallest meaningful unit of language; it may be
a word or a part of word; it may be a single sound, one syllable or multiple syllables
To read an alphabetic alphabet a person must - Correct - ANSWER -> mentally link the
alphabetic symbols with the single speech sounds or phonemes that they represent.
,All alphabets require - Correct - ANSWER -> speech sound (phoneme) awareness by
the reader.
Shallow or Transparent Alphabetic Orthography - Correct - ANSWER ->
correspondences in the alphabetic writing system are regular and predictable. One
sound represented by one symbol or letter.
Deep or Opague Alphabetic Orthography - Correct - ANSWER -> the spelling system
represens morphemes (meaningful parts) as well as speech sounds. Morphophonemic
contains both phonemes and morphemes.
Advantages of Alphabetic Writing - Correct - ANSWER -> permits any word to be read
or written in a language with a small set of symbols. A limited number of symbols can
be combined to create the entire language, even new words. Language can be written
and read by anyone who can match the symbols to the sounds they represent.
Disadvantages of Alphabetic Writing - Correct - ANSWER -> People are wired to
process speech sounds. The phoneme -that sound that a letter represents - is not self
evident, natural, or consciously accessible understanding for humans.
Metalinguistic Awareness - Correct - ANSWER -> the ability think about and reflect on
the structure of language itself. The invention of the alphabet was an achievement.
The Simple View of Reading - Correct - ANSWER -> Word Recognition x Language
Comprehension = Reading Comprehension
Word Recognition - Correct - ANSWER -> The accurate and fast retrieval of decoded
word forms, is essential for the development of reading comprehension.
Language comprehension - Correct - ANSWER -> listening comprehension or the
linguistic processes involved in the comprehension of oral language.
Decoding - Correct - ANSWER -> the ability to translate a word from print to speech,
usually by employing knowledge of sound-symbol correspondences.
LETRS Unit 1 Session 1
, phonics - correct - ANSWER ->the study of the relationships between letters and the
sounds they represent; also used as a descriptor for code-based instruction
phonemic awareness - correct - ANSWER ->the conscious awareness of the individual
speech sounds (consonants and vowels) in spoken syllables and the ability to
consciously manipulate those sounds.
Five Essential Components of Reading Instruction - correct - ANSWER ->Phonemic
awareness, phonics, fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension.
pictographs - correct - ANSWER ->primitive writing system that directly represented or
made pictures of the intended meaning (hieroglyphics)
logographs - correct - ANSWER ->writing system where symbols were used to
represent meanings rather than sound (Chinese radicals and Mayan gylphs)
syllabic symbols - correct - ANSWER ->writing system that directly represented whole
syllables (cherokee)
alphabetic writing - correct - ANSWER ->a system in which graphic signs represent
individual consonants and vowels, or phenomes
syllable - correct - ANSWER ->a unit of pronunciation that is organized around a vowel;
it may or may not have a consonant after the vowel
morphemes - correct - ANSWER ->The smallest units of meaning in a language;
meaningful parts of words; it may be a word or part of a word; it may be a single sound
(plural /s/); one syllable (suffix -ful) or multiple syllables (prefix inter-)
orthography - correct - ANSWER ->A writing system for representing language.
shallow orthography - correct - ANSWER ->the sound-symbol correspondences in the
alphabetic writing system are regular and predicable, with one sound represented by
one symbol or letter (Spanish)
deep orthography - correct - ANSWER ->the sound-symbol correspondences in the
alphabetic writing system represent both morphemes (meaningful parts) and speech
sound (English)
morphophonemic - correct - ANSWER ->a deep alphabetic writing system organized by
both "sound-symbol" correspondences and morphology (English orthography falls under
this category) Consider examples that share a consistently spelled root or meaningful
LETRS Unit 1 - Session 1
Phonics - Correct - ANSWER -> relationship between letters and sounds. Code based
instruction.
Phonemic Awareness - Correct - ANSWER -> awareness of individual speech sounds
(consonants and vowels) in spoken syllables and the ability to consciously manipulate
those sounds.
Alphabetic Writing is less than ____________ years old. - Correct - ANSWER -> 5,000
90% of all spoken languages have no - Correct - ANSWER -> written form, let alone an
alphabet that represents the separate sounds of speech.
Syllable - Correct - ANSWER -> the unit of pronunciation that is organized around a
vowel; it may or may not have a consonant after the vowel.
Egyptians invented the first alphabet in - Correct - ANSWER -> 2,000 BCE
Phoenician alphabet was developed in and was the granfather of our
alphabet 19 of 26 letters can be traced. - Correct - ANSWER -> 1,000 BCE
Modern American English spelling was settled in 1828 with - Correct - ANSWER ->
Webster's Dictionary
Orthograpy - Correct - ANSWER -> a writing system for representing language
Morphonphonemic - Correct - ANSWER -> alphabetic writing principle organized by
both sound-symbol correspondences and morphology.
Morpheme - Correct - ANSWER -> the smallest meaningful unit of language; it may be
a word or a part of word; it may be a single sound, one syllable or multiple syllables
To read an alphabetic alphabet a person must - Correct - ANSWER -> mentally link the
alphabetic symbols with the single speech sounds or phonemes that they represent.
,All alphabets require - Correct - ANSWER -> speech sound (phoneme) awareness by
the reader.
Shallow or Transparent Alphabetic Orthography - Correct - ANSWER ->
correspondences in the alphabetic writing system are regular and predictable. One
sound represented by one symbol or letter.
Deep or Opague Alphabetic Orthography - Correct - ANSWER -> the spelling system
represens morphemes (meaningful parts) as well as speech sounds. Morphophonemic
contains both phonemes and morphemes.
Advantages of Alphabetic Writing - Correct - ANSWER -> permits any word to be read
or written in a language with a small set of symbols. A limited number of symbols can
be combined to create the entire language, even new words. Language can be written
and read by anyone who can match the symbols to the sounds they represent.
Disadvantages of Alphabetic Writing - Correct - ANSWER -> People are wired to
process speech sounds. The phoneme -that sound that a letter represents - is not self
evident, natural, or consciously accessible understanding for humans.
Metalinguistic Awareness - Correct - ANSWER -> the ability think about and reflect on
the structure of language itself. The invention of the alphabet was an achievement.
The Simple View of Reading - Correct - ANSWER -> Word Recognition x Language
Comprehension = Reading Comprehension
Word Recognition - Correct - ANSWER -> The accurate and fast retrieval of decoded
word forms, is essential for the development of reading comprehension.
Language comprehension - Correct - ANSWER -> listening comprehension or the
linguistic processes involved in the comprehension of oral language.
Decoding - Correct - ANSWER -> the ability to translate a word from print to speech,
usually by employing knowledge of sound-symbol correspondences.
LETRS Unit 1 Session 1
, phonics - correct - ANSWER ->the study of the relationships between letters and the
sounds they represent; also used as a descriptor for code-based instruction
phonemic awareness - correct - ANSWER ->the conscious awareness of the individual
speech sounds (consonants and vowels) in spoken syllables and the ability to
consciously manipulate those sounds.
Five Essential Components of Reading Instruction - correct - ANSWER ->Phonemic
awareness, phonics, fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension.
pictographs - correct - ANSWER ->primitive writing system that directly represented or
made pictures of the intended meaning (hieroglyphics)
logographs - correct - ANSWER ->writing system where symbols were used to
represent meanings rather than sound (Chinese radicals and Mayan gylphs)
syllabic symbols - correct - ANSWER ->writing system that directly represented whole
syllables (cherokee)
alphabetic writing - correct - ANSWER ->a system in which graphic signs represent
individual consonants and vowels, or phenomes
syllable - correct - ANSWER ->a unit of pronunciation that is organized around a vowel;
it may or may not have a consonant after the vowel
morphemes - correct - ANSWER ->The smallest units of meaning in a language;
meaningful parts of words; it may be a word or part of a word; it may be a single sound
(plural /s/); one syllable (suffix -ful) or multiple syllables (prefix inter-)
orthography - correct - ANSWER ->A writing system for representing language.
shallow orthography - correct - ANSWER ->the sound-symbol correspondences in the
alphabetic writing system are regular and predicable, with one sound represented by
one symbol or letter (Spanish)
deep orthography - correct - ANSWER ->the sound-symbol correspondences in the
alphabetic writing system represent both morphemes (meaningful parts) and speech
sound (English)
morphophonemic - correct - ANSWER ->a deep alphabetic writing system organized by
both "sound-symbol" correspondences and morphology (English orthography falls under
this category) Consider examples that share a consistently spelled root or meaningful
