RASMUSSEN PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 2 ACTUAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS LATEST
UPDATES 2026-2027 (100% VERIFIED ANSWERS)
ALREADY GRADED A+
Inflammation of the stomach's mucosal lining (may involve the entire stomach
or a region) - ANSWERS-Gastritis
_________Can be a mild, transient irritation, or it cab be a severe ulceration
with hemorrhage - ANSWERS-Acute Gastritis
_________ Usually develops suddenly and is likely to be accompanied by nausea
and epigastric pain - ANSWERS-Acute Gastritis
_________ Gastritis develops gradually. - ANSWERS-Chronic Gastritis
Gastritis can be further categorized as erosive or nonerosive - ANSWERS-Chronic
Gastritis
Symptoms of: Anorexia, nausea & vomiting, postprandial discomfort, and
hematemesis. - ANSWERS-Acute Gastritis
,Symptoms of: May be asymptomatic, but usually accompanied by a dull
epigastric pain and a sensation of fullness after minimal intake. - ANSWERS-
Chronic Gastritis
Inflammation of the stomach and intestines, usually because of an infection or
allergic reaction - ANSWERS-Gastroenteritis
Usually due to primary inflammatory disease such as crohns disease - ANSWERS-
Chronic Gastroenteritis
Commonly due to direct infection such as salmonella from raw or undercooked
chicken or eggs - ANSWERS-Acute Gastroenteritis
Signs & Symptoms: Diarrhea, abdominal discomfort, pain, nausea, and vomiting
- ANSWERS-Gastroenteritis
Most common cause of chronic gastritis - ANSWERS-Helicobacter pylori
Embeds itself in the mucous layer, activating toxins and enzymes that cause
inflammation. Genetic vulnerability and lifestyle behaviors (smoking and stress)
may increase the susceptibility - ANSWERS-Helicobacter pylori
Other causes of?: Organisms transmitted though food and water contamination,
long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, excessive alcohol use,
,severe stress, autoimmune conditions, and other chronic disease - ANSWERS-
Gastritis
Complications of?: Peptic ulcers, gastric cancer, and hemorrhage - ANSWERS-
Chronic Gastritis
Manifestations of?: Include indigestion, heartburn, epigastric pain, abdominal
cramping, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, fever, and malaise. Hematemesis and
dark, tarry stools can indicate ulceration and bleeding. - ANSWERS-Gastritis
Chyme periodically backs up from the stomach into the esophagus. Bile can also
back up into the esophagus. - ANSWERS-GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux
Disease)
These gastric secretions irritate the esophageal mucosa - ANSWERS-GERD
(Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease)
Causes of?: certain foods (e.g., chocolate, caffeine, carbonated beverages, citrus
fruit, tomatoes, spicy or fatty foods, and peppermint), alcohol consumption,
nicotine, hiatal hernia, obesity, pregnancy, certain medications (e.g.,
corticosteroids, beta blockers, calcium-channel blockers, and anticholinergics),
nasogastric intubation, and delayed gastric emptying - ANSWERS-GERD
(Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease)
Manifestations of?: heartburn, epigastric pain (usually after a meal or when
recombinant), dysphagia, dry cough, laryngitis, pharyngitis, regurgitation of
food, and sensation of a lump in the throat. - ANSWERS-GERD
(Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease)
, Complications of?: esophagitis, strictures, ulcerations, esophageal cancer, and
chronic pulmonary disease - ANSWERS-GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease)
Often confused with angina and may warrant ruling out cardiac disease -
ANSWERS-GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease)
Lesions affecting the lining of the stomach or duodenum - ANSWERS-Peptic
Ulcer Disease (PUD)
Risk factors of?: being male, advancing age, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
use (NSAIDs), H. pylori infections, certain gastric tumors, and those for GERD. -
ANSWERS-Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD)
Vary in severity from superficial erosions to complete penetration through the
GI tract wall. Develops because of an imbalance between destructive forces and
protective mechanisms - ANSWERS-Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD)
Types of Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD) - ANSWERS-Duodenal Ulcers
Gastric Ulcers
Stress Ulcers
Most commonly associated with excessive acid or H. pylori infections. Typically
present with epigastric pain that is relieved in the presence of food - ANSWERS-
Duodenal ulcers
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS LATEST
UPDATES 2026-2027 (100% VERIFIED ANSWERS)
ALREADY GRADED A+
Inflammation of the stomach's mucosal lining (may involve the entire stomach
or a region) - ANSWERS-Gastritis
_________Can be a mild, transient irritation, or it cab be a severe ulceration
with hemorrhage - ANSWERS-Acute Gastritis
_________ Usually develops suddenly and is likely to be accompanied by nausea
and epigastric pain - ANSWERS-Acute Gastritis
_________ Gastritis develops gradually. - ANSWERS-Chronic Gastritis
Gastritis can be further categorized as erosive or nonerosive - ANSWERS-Chronic
Gastritis
Symptoms of: Anorexia, nausea & vomiting, postprandial discomfort, and
hematemesis. - ANSWERS-Acute Gastritis
,Symptoms of: May be asymptomatic, but usually accompanied by a dull
epigastric pain and a sensation of fullness after minimal intake. - ANSWERS-
Chronic Gastritis
Inflammation of the stomach and intestines, usually because of an infection or
allergic reaction - ANSWERS-Gastroenteritis
Usually due to primary inflammatory disease such as crohns disease - ANSWERS-
Chronic Gastroenteritis
Commonly due to direct infection such as salmonella from raw or undercooked
chicken or eggs - ANSWERS-Acute Gastroenteritis
Signs & Symptoms: Diarrhea, abdominal discomfort, pain, nausea, and vomiting
- ANSWERS-Gastroenteritis
Most common cause of chronic gastritis - ANSWERS-Helicobacter pylori
Embeds itself in the mucous layer, activating toxins and enzymes that cause
inflammation. Genetic vulnerability and lifestyle behaviors (smoking and stress)
may increase the susceptibility - ANSWERS-Helicobacter pylori
Other causes of?: Organisms transmitted though food and water contamination,
long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, excessive alcohol use,
,severe stress, autoimmune conditions, and other chronic disease - ANSWERS-
Gastritis
Complications of?: Peptic ulcers, gastric cancer, and hemorrhage - ANSWERS-
Chronic Gastritis
Manifestations of?: Include indigestion, heartburn, epigastric pain, abdominal
cramping, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, fever, and malaise. Hematemesis and
dark, tarry stools can indicate ulceration and bleeding. - ANSWERS-Gastritis
Chyme periodically backs up from the stomach into the esophagus. Bile can also
back up into the esophagus. - ANSWERS-GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux
Disease)
These gastric secretions irritate the esophageal mucosa - ANSWERS-GERD
(Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease)
Causes of?: certain foods (e.g., chocolate, caffeine, carbonated beverages, citrus
fruit, tomatoes, spicy or fatty foods, and peppermint), alcohol consumption,
nicotine, hiatal hernia, obesity, pregnancy, certain medications (e.g.,
corticosteroids, beta blockers, calcium-channel blockers, and anticholinergics),
nasogastric intubation, and delayed gastric emptying - ANSWERS-GERD
(Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease)
Manifestations of?: heartburn, epigastric pain (usually after a meal or when
recombinant), dysphagia, dry cough, laryngitis, pharyngitis, regurgitation of
food, and sensation of a lump in the throat. - ANSWERS-GERD
(Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease)
, Complications of?: esophagitis, strictures, ulcerations, esophageal cancer, and
chronic pulmonary disease - ANSWERS-GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease)
Often confused with angina and may warrant ruling out cardiac disease -
ANSWERS-GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease)
Lesions affecting the lining of the stomach or duodenum - ANSWERS-Peptic
Ulcer Disease (PUD)
Risk factors of?: being male, advancing age, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
use (NSAIDs), H. pylori infections, certain gastric tumors, and those for GERD. -
ANSWERS-Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD)
Vary in severity from superficial erosions to complete penetration through the
GI tract wall. Develops because of an imbalance between destructive forces and
protective mechanisms - ANSWERS-Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD)
Types of Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD) - ANSWERS-Duodenal Ulcers
Gastric Ulcers
Stress Ulcers
Most commonly associated with excessive acid or H. pylori infections. Typically
present with epigastric pain that is relieved in the presence of food - ANSWERS-
Duodenal ulcers
