PATHOPHYSIOLOGY HESI EXAM TEST EXAMS REAL
QUESTIONS &EXPERT VERIFIED ANSWERS LATEST
UPDATE GRADED A+ WITH NGN ACTUAL EXAMS
2025/2026
Does the sympathetic nervous system increase or decrease the
peripheral vascular resistance? - ANSWER ->increase- because
BP increases because of vasoconstriction
A patient is receiving a blood transfusion when he starts stating that
he's getting itchy. What is your first intervention?
A. Stop the transfusion
B. Administer Benadryl IM and monitor for worsening of symptoms
C. Check blood pressure
D. Ask the patient if he's short of breath - ANSWER ->A. stop the
transfusion
An absent P wave could indicate that which part of the heart is not
functioning properly? - ANSWER ->Atria or SA node
Frank starlings law states that when a heart muscle works hard over a
period of time, is it the muscle or contractility that increases? -
ANSWER ->Muscle increases, Contractility decreases
What is the number one risk factor for dilated ventricular
hypertrophy? - ANSWER ->Hypertension
,who is most likely to have hypertension? - ANSWER ->Men,
African Americans
A patient comes in with severe burns after being trapped in a building
for 2 hours. The patients electrolytes and hemoglobin levels are
increased and the patients blood pressure is 80/45 upon arrival heart
rate 130 and the patient is not responsive.
What is this most likely classified as?
A. Burn injury
B. hyperkalemia
C. hypovolemic Shock
D. hypokalemia - ANSWER ->C. When you have a burn injury, you lose a
lot of fluids. This is why the BP is so low.
main symptoms of shock - ANSWER ->BP is low, severely dehydrated,
heart rate increased
What is the primary symptoms associated with an abdominal
aneurysm?
A. pulsing area on stomach with upper GI pain
B. Black tarry stools
C. hypertension
D. hypotension - ANSWER ->A. pulsing area on stomach with upper GI
pain
A patient who has vasospasms of the outer arteries in the extremitites
complains of paleness in her finger with pain that comes and goes,
these are the symptoms of? - ANSWER -
>Peripheral vascular disease or Raynaud's phenomenon
,what should people with peripheral vascular disease avoid? - ANSWER -
>touching cold things with their hands
intermittent claudication - ANSWER ->pain that comes and goes
What is characterized by a honey colored crust around the
mouth? - ANSWER ->impetigo
After having Peptic ulcer disease for a month a man comes into the ER
complaining of a horrible abdominal pain. The nurse finds his abdomen
is hard and rigid. What is it?
A. Appendix rupture
B. Peritonitis
C. Gallbladder rupture
D. Intestinal blockage - ANSWER ->B. peritonitis
#1 sign of peritonitis - ANSWER ->Abdomen hard and rigid
A patient presents with fluid around his heart, chest pain, and a friction
rub.
A. pericardial effusion
B. cardiac tamponade
C. pericarditis
D. Ineffective endocarditis - ANSWER ->C. pericarditis
#1 sign of pericarditis - ANSWER ->friction rubs
, A patient comes in with osteomyelitis, which of the risk factors was the
primary cause for his disease?
A. Immunosupressive drugs
B. compound fracture
C. HIV
D. comminuted fracture - ANSWER ->B. Compound fraction
A patient is diagnosed with albinism at birth. What defects will he most
likely deal with through his life? - ANSWER ->Vision problems
High risk for skin cancer
A patient comes into the ER complaining of feeling light headed all day
and collapses in front of you, its found the patient has a BP of 98/42,
pulse of 50 bpm, and a decreased cardiac output.
What is the patient most likely experiencing?
A. pericarditis
B. cardiac tamponade
C. Cardiogenic Shock
D. Right sided Heart failure - ANSWER ->C. Cardiogenic shock
What is the term used to describe the eye bouncing back and forth? -
ANSWER ->nystagmus
Acne vulgaris is caused by an inflammation of what specific part of the
skin? - ANSWER ->Sebaceous follicle
A patient comes in with scaly, white patches on his elbow and a high
WBC count? - ANSWER ->Psoriasis
QUESTIONS &EXPERT VERIFIED ANSWERS LATEST
UPDATE GRADED A+ WITH NGN ACTUAL EXAMS
2025/2026
Does the sympathetic nervous system increase or decrease the
peripheral vascular resistance? - ANSWER ->increase- because
BP increases because of vasoconstriction
A patient is receiving a blood transfusion when he starts stating that
he's getting itchy. What is your first intervention?
A. Stop the transfusion
B. Administer Benadryl IM and monitor for worsening of symptoms
C. Check blood pressure
D. Ask the patient if he's short of breath - ANSWER ->A. stop the
transfusion
An absent P wave could indicate that which part of the heart is not
functioning properly? - ANSWER ->Atria or SA node
Frank starlings law states that when a heart muscle works hard over a
period of time, is it the muscle or contractility that increases? -
ANSWER ->Muscle increases, Contractility decreases
What is the number one risk factor for dilated ventricular
hypertrophy? - ANSWER ->Hypertension
,who is most likely to have hypertension? - ANSWER ->Men,
African Americans
A patient comes in with severe burns after being trapped in a building
for 2 hours. The patients electrolytes and hemoglobin levels are
increased and the patients blood pressure is 80/45 upon arrival heart
rate 130 and the patient is not responsive.
What is this most likely classified as?
A. Burn injury
B. hyperkalemia
C. hypovolemic Shock
D. hypokalemia - ANSWER ->C. When you have a burn injury, you lose a
lot of fluids. This is why the BP is so low.
main symptoms of shock - ANSWER ->BP is low, severely dehydrated,
heart rate increased
What is the primary symptoms associated with an abdominal
aneurysm?
A. pulsing area on stomach with upper GI pain
B. Black tarry stools
C. hypertension
D. hypotension - ANSWER ->A. pulsing area on stomach with upper GI
pain
A patient who has vasospasms of the outer arteries in the extremitites
complains of paleness in her finger with pain that comes and goes,
these are the symptoms of? - ANSWER -
>Peripheral vascular disease or Raynaud's phenomenon
,what should people with peripheral vascular disease avoid? - ANSWER -
>touching cold things with their hands
intermittent claudication - ANSWER ->pain that comes and goes
What is characterized by a honey colored crust around the
mouth? - ANSWER ->impetigo
After having Peptic ulcer disease for a month a man comes into the ER
complaining of a horrible abdominal pain. The nurse finds his abdomen
is hard and rigid. What is it?
A. Appendix rupture
B. Peritonitis
C. Gallbladder rupture
D. Intestinal blockage - ANSWER ->B. peritonitis
#1 sign of peritonitis - ANSWER ->Abdomen hard and rigid
A patient presents with fluid around his heart, chest pain, and a friction
rub.
A. pericardial effusion
B. cardiac tamponade
C. pericarditis
D. Ineffective endocarditis - ANSWER ->C. pericarditis
#1 sign of pericarditis - ANSWER ->friction rubs
, A patient comes in with osteomyelitis, which of the risk factors was the
primary cause for his disease?
A. Immunosupressive drugs
B. compound fracture
C. HIV
D. comminuted fracture - ANSWER ->B. Compound fraction
A patient is diagnosed with albinism at birth. What defects will he most
likely deal with through his life? - ANSWER ->Vision problems
High risk for skin cancer
A patient comes into the ER complaining of feeling light headed all day
and collapses in front of you, its found the patient has a BP of 98/42,
pulse of 50 bpm, and a decreased cardiac output.
What is the patient most likely experiencing?
A. pericarditis
B. cardiac tamponade
C. Cardiogenic Shock
D. Right sided Heart failure - ANSWER ->C. Cardiogenic shock
What is the term used to describe the eye bouncing back and forth? -
ANSWER ->nystagmus
Acne vulgaris is caused by an inflammation of what specific part of the
skin? - ANSWER ->Sebaceous follicle
A patient comes in with scaly, white patches on his elbow and a high
WBC count? - ANSWER ->Psoriasis
