2026/2027 with Detailed Rationales |
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Q1: Which historical figure established the first vocational guidance bureau in Boston in
1908, marking the origins of the counseling profession?
A. Clifford Beers
B. Frank Parsons
C. Jesse B. Davis
D. Carl Rogers
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Correct because Jesse B. Davis implemented the first school counseling
program in 1907, but Frank Parsons founded the Boston Vocational Bureau in 1908, which
is explicitly cited as the profession's origin. This matches the historical timeline in
counseling literature.
Q2: A counselor is treating a 14-year-old client who discloses physical abuse by a parent.
The counselor must break confidentiality under which legal principle?
A. Duty to Warn
B. Imminent Harm
C. Mandatory Reporting
, D. Privileged Communication
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Correct because mandatory reporting laws require counselors to report
suspected child abuse, overriding confidentiality. This matches ethical and legal standards
in the ACA Code of Ethics (2014).
Q3: According to Erikson’s psychosocial stages, which crisis characterizes adolescence
(12-18 years)?
A. Industry vs. Inferiority
B. Identity vs. Role Confusion
C. Intimacy vs. Isolation
D. Generativity vs. Stagnation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct because Erikson’s fifth stage (12-18 years) focuses on identity
formation. This matches the theory’s sequential developmental framework.
Q4: A researcher reports a reliability coefficient of 0.85 for a new depression scale. How
should this be interpreted?
A. Poor reliability
B. Moderate reliability
C. Good reliability
D. Excellent reliability
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Correct because coefficients between 0.80-0.90 indicate good reliability. This
matches standard psychometric interpretation guidelines.
Q5: Which theoretical approach emphasizes the "here-and-now" and uses techniques like
the empty chair?