NSE 221 WEEKS 1 & 2 EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2026
VERIFIED.
Reasons for IV Therapy - ANS - Maintain or restore fluid vol.
- Replace or correct fluids & electrolytes
- Route for med. admin.
- Transfuse bld or bld components
- Nutritional support (TPN & lipids)
Common IV Solutions - ANS - Isotonic
- Hypertonic
- Hypotonic
- Plasma expander (colloids)
Isotonic Solutions - ANS - 'normal' osmolarity as serum & other body fluids
- Stays where its infused - intravascualr system
- Least irritating to endothelial lining of vein wall
- E.x. RL, NS, 5% Dextrose in water, 5% Albumin
1
, Hypertonic Solutions - ANS - Osmolarity higher than serum
- Pulls fluids from interstitial & intracellular compartments
- Expand intravascular compartment (watch circulatory overload)
- Pull from cellular compartment
- May be used to cautiously to decr. edema
- Don't give pts w/ renal or cardiac impairment
- Incr. risk for vessel damage
- E.x. 5% dextrose in 0.45% saline or NS, D10W, 3% NS, 25% albumin
Hypotonic Solutions - ANS - Lower than serum osmolarity
- Fluid shifts into cells & interstitial spaces
- Hydrates cell but reduces fluid in circulatory system
- Cause shift of fluid from vascular into cells
- Caution: can incr. pressure ICP & intravascular hypovolemia (decr. circulatory vol.)
- E.x 0.45% saline
Plasma Expander - ANS - Colloids
- Larger molecules that cannot diffuse through capillary walls
- Stays in vascular system
- Solutions: dextran, pentastarch
- Bld & bld products (albumin, FFP)
IV Nursing Assessment - ANS Body weight changes
- Loss of 1 kg or more in 24h (ECV deficit)
- Gain on 1kg or more in 24h (ECV excess)
2
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2026
VERIFIED.
Reasons for IV Therapy - ANS - Maintain or restore fluid vol.
- Replace or correct fluids & electrolytes
- Route for med. admin.
- Transfuse bld or bld components
- Nutritional support (TPN & lipids)
Common IV Solutions - ANS - Isotonic
- Hypertonic
- Hypotonic
- Plasma expander (colloids)
Isotonic Solutions - ANS - 'normal' osmolarity as serum & other body fluids
- Stays where its infused - intravascualr system
- Least irritating to endothelial lining of vein wall
- E.x. RL, NS, 5% Dextrose in water, 5% Albumin
1
, Hypertonic Solutions - ANS - Osmolarity higher than serum
- Pulls fluids from interstitial & intracellular compartments
- Expand intravascular compartment (watch circulatory overload)
- Pull from cellular compartment
- May be used to cautiously to decr. edema
- Don't give pts w/ renal or cardiac impairment
- Incr. risk for vessel damage
- E.x. 5% dextrose in 0.45% saline or NS, D10W, 3% NS, 25% albumin
Hypotonic Solutions - ANS - Lower than serum osmolarity
- Fluid shifts into cells & interstitial spaces
- Hydrates cell but reduces fluid in circulatory system
- Cause shift of fluid from vascular into cells
- Caution: can incr. pressure ICP & intravascular hypovolemia (decr. circulatory vol.)
- E.x 0.45% saline
Plasma Expander - ANS - Colloids
- Larger molecules that cannot diffuse through capillary walls
- Stays in vascular system
- Solutions: dextran, pentastarch
- Bld & bld products (albumin, FFP)
IV Nursing Assessment - ANS Body weight changes
- Loss of 1 kg or more in 24h (ECV deficit)
- Gain on 1kg or more in 24h (ECV excess)
2
