NR 602 FINAL EXAM PRACTICE QUESTIONS
(ADVANCED PRACTICE NURSING)
📌 PRIMARY CARE & DIAGNOSTIC REASONING
What is the first step in clinical decision making in primary care?
ANSWER ✓ Collect a comprehensive patient history and perform a focused physical
examination
What is the most reliable indicator of bacterial infection?
ANSWER ✓ Elevated white blood cell count with a left shift
What does a “left shift” indicate?
ANSWER ✓ Increased immature neutrophils suggesting acute infection
What is the gold standard for diagnosing hypertension?
ANSWER ✓ Multiple elevated blood pressure readings on separate occasions
,💊 PHARMACOLOGY
What is the first-line treatment for uncomplicated hypertension?
ANSWER ✓ Thiazide diuretics, ACE inhibitors, ARBs, or calcium channel blockers
What is a major side effect of ACE inhibitors?
ANSWER ✓ Persistent dry cough
Which medication is contraindicated in pregnancy for hypertension?
ANSWER ✓ ACE inhibitors and ARBs
What is the mechanism of action of beta-blockers?
ANSWER ✓ They block beta-adrenergic receptors, reducing heart rate and cardiac
output
,❤️ CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS
What is the hallmark symptom of heart failure?
ANSWER ✓ Shortness of breath (dyspnea)
What lab test is used to assess heart failure severity?
ANSWER ✓ BNP (B-type natriuretic peptide)
What is first-line therapy for stable angina?
ANSWER ✓ Nitroglycerin
What is the most common cause of myocardial infarction?
ANSWER ✓ Atherosclerotic plaque rupture leading to thrombus formation
, ️ RESPIRATORY CONDITIONS
What is the first-line treatment for asthma exacerbation?
ANSWER ✓ Short-acting beta-agonists (SABA)
What distinguishes asthma from COPD?
ANSWER ✓ Asthma is reversible; COPD is not fully reversible
What is the hallmark sign of pneumonia on exam?
ANSWER ✓ Crackles and decreased breath sounds
What antibiotic is commonly used for community-acquired pneumonia?
ANSWER ✓ Amoxicillin or azithromycin
(ADVANCED PRACTICE NURSING)
📌 PRIMARY CARE & DIAGNOSTIC REASONING
What is the first step in clinical decision making in primary care?
ANSWER ✓ Collect a comprehensive patient history and perform a focused physical
examination
What is the most reliable indicator of bacterial infection?
ANSWER ✓ Elevated white blood cell count with a left shift
What does a “left shift” indicate?
ANSWER ✓ Increased immature neutrophils suggesting acute infection
What is the gold standard for diagnosing hypertension?
ANSWER ✓ Multiple elevated blood pressure readings on separate occasions
,💊 PHARMACOLOGY
What is the first-line treatment for uncomplicated hypertension?
ANSWER ✓ Thiazide diuretics, ACE inhibitors, ARBs, or calcium channel blockers
What is a major side effect of ACE inhibitors?
ANSWER ✓ Persistent dry cough
Which medication is contraindicated in pregnancy for hypertension?
ANSWER ✓ ACE inhibitors and ARBs
What is the mechanism of action of beta-blockers?
ANSWER ✓ They block beta-adrenergic receptors, reducing heart rate and cardiac
output
,❤️ CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS
What is the hallmark symptom of heart failure?
ANSWER ✓ Shortness of breath (dyspnea)
What lab test is used to assess heart failure severity?
ANSWER ✓ BNP (B-type natriuretic peptide)
What is first-line therapy for stable angina?
ANSWER ✓ Nitroglycerin
What is the most common cause of myocardial infarction?
ANSWER ✓ Atherosclerotic plaque rupture leading to thrombus formation
, ️ RESPIRATORY CONDITIONS
What is the first-line treatment for asthma exacerbation?
ANSWER ✓ Short-acting beta-agonists (SABA)
What distinguishes asthma from COPD?
ANSWER ✓ Asthma is reversible; COPD is not fully reversible
What is the hallmark sign of pneumonia on exam?
ANSWER ✓ Crackles and decreased breath sounds
What antibiotic is commonly used for community-acquired pneumonia?
ANSWER ✓ Amoxicillin or azithromycin
