AP PSYCHOLOGY EXAM 2025 – COGNITION, MEMORY,
THINKING, LANGUAGE, AND INTELLIGENCE REVIEW
NOTES WITH PRACTICE QUESTIONS
Nayanika is 50 years old and finds her career meaningful and impactful. She enjoys
mentoring new employees, which gives her a sense of purpose. Which of the following best
represents Nayanika's current stage of psychosocial development?
Generatively
Babbling stage
Nonsense sounds spontaneously vocalized starting at
around 4 months.
Holophrastic stage
Also known as the one-word stage, typically lasts from
1-2 years.
Telegraphic speech
Also known as the two-word stage, usually begins at age
2.
Overgeneralization
,The application of grammar rules in instances to which they do not apply.
Strange situation test
Procedure for studying child-caregiver attachment. A child is placed in an unfamiliar
environment while their caregiver leaves and then returns. The child's reactions are
observed.
Separation anxiety
The attachment style in which a child cries when their caregiver leaves, seeks comfort
when the caregiver returns, and happily explores their new environment when the caregiver
is present.
Stranger anxiety
The fear of strangers that infants commonly display. Begins by around 8 months.
Secure attachment
The attachment style in which a child seems
indifferent to their caregiver leaving and returning.
Avoidant insecure attachment
The attachment style in which the child displays no consistent behavior during separations
and reunions with their caregivers.
, Group-oriented attachment style
The attachment style in which infants form secure connections with both primary and
secondary caregivers.
Anxious insecure attachment
The attachment style in which a child cries loudly when their caregiver leaves and remains
upset when the caregiver returns.
Disorganized insecure attachment
Begins around 8 months old when children become
anxious when away from their caregivers.
Identify the research method used in the study.
The research method used in the study is a correlational study.
State the operational definition of executive functioning.
Each group reported the average number out of 6 on the "love quiz."
Describe the meaning of the differences in the means of the 3 groups in relation to the
study.
THINKING, LANGUAGE, AND INTELLIGENCE REVIEW
NOTES WITH PRACTICE QUESTIONS
Nayanika is 50 years old and finds her career meaningful and impactful. She enjoys
mentoring new employees, which gives her a sense of purpose. Which of the following best
represents Nayanika's current stage of psychosocial development?
Generatively
Babbling stage
Nonsense sounds spontaneously vocalized starting at
around 4 months.
Holophrastic stage
Also known as the one-word stage, typically lasts from
1-2 years.
Telegraphic speech
Also known as the two-word stage, usually begins at age
2.
Overgeneralization
,The application of grammar rules in instances to which they do not apply.
Strange situation test
Procedure for studying child-caregiver attachment. A child is placed in an unfamiliar
environment while their caregiver leaves and then returns. The child's reactions are
observed.
Separation anxiety
The attachment style in which a child cries when their caregiver leaves, seeks comfort
when the caregiver returns, and happily explores their new environment when the caregiver
is present.
Stranger anxiety
The fear of strangers that infants commonly display. Begins by around 8 months.
Secure attachment
The attachment style in which a child seems
indifferent to their caregiver leaving and returning.
Avoidant insecure attachment
The attachment style in which the child displays no consistent behavior during separations
and reunions with their caregivers.
, Group-oriented attachment style
The attachment style in which infants form secure connections with both primary and
secondary caregivers.
Anxious insecure attachment
The attachment style in which a child cries loudly when their caregiver leaves and remains
upset when the caregiver returns.
Disorganized insecure attachment
Begins around 8 months old when children become
anxious when away from their caregivers.
Identify the research method used in the study.
The research method used in the study is a correlational study.
State the operational definition of executive functioning.
Each group reported the average number out of 6 on the "love quiz."
Describe the meaning of the differences in the means of the 3 groups in relation to the
study.
