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Pathophysiology and Pharmacology Mid Semester Exam Practice
Questions with 100% Correct Answers UPDATED!!!
Which of the following statements is false? - ANSWER a. pain is
a symptom
b. pain is a sign*
c. signs are objective
d. symptoms are subjective
e. pain travels via the spinothalamic pathway
Which of the following characteristics is correct regarding co-
morbidities? - ANSWER a. the presence of one or more
additional diseases co-occuring with primary disease*
b. the proportion of people within a population affected by a
disease
c. refers to the factors that contribute to disease onset
d. the amount of new cases presenting per year
e. the technical word for disease
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Which of the following characteristics is correct regarding
ACUTE diseases? - ANSWER a. lasts for a long period of time,
often a lifetime
b. diabetes is a prime example
c. there is rarely a full recovery
d. often no permanent damage*
e. has a gradual onset
When a drug is administered orally you quite often have to
administer a higher dose than what is needed to produce the
desired effect. Why is that? - ANSWER a. the drug is very slow
to be absorbed
b. most of the drug isn't absorbed and is excreted directly by
GIT
c. the liver may metabolise a high percentage of a drug before it
reaches it's target*
e. the drug is unable to be transported through the blood
What does 'selective toxicity' mean in relation to antibiotics? (2)
- ANSWER - it targets bacteria while only causing minimal
damage to our cells
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- it targets structural and functional differences between
bacteria (prokaryotic) and human cells (eukaryotic)
What are 4 mechanisms of antimicrobial action? - ANSWER 1.
inhibition of cell wall synthesis
2. distribution of microbial cell membrane
3. inhibition of protein synthesis
4. interference with metabolic processes
What are prophylactic antibiotics used for? - ANSWER As a
precaution against infection and is appropriate for patients who
have a compromised immune system.
List 3 proton-pump inhibitors 'prazoles'. - ANSWER -
esomeprazole
- omeprazole
- pantoprazole
List 3 H2-receptor antagonists 'tidine'. - ANSWER - cimetidine
- ranitidine
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- nizatidine
What is pain? - ANSWER An unpleasant emotional and sensory
response to damage.
What are 2 types of pain? - ANSWER - nociceptive: from pain
receptors
- neuropathic: from pain nerves
What are 2 more 'types' of pain? - ANSWER Somatic
- from skin, muscles or joints
- activates nocioceptive receptors
- superficial (fast) or deep (slow)
Visceral
- stimulates nocioceptive receptors in thoracic or abdominal
cavity
- slow
- carried by somatic pathways (referred pathways)
Pathophysiology and Pharmacology Mid Semester Exam Practice
Questions with 100% Correct Answers UPDATED!!!
Which of the following statements is false? - ANSWER a. pain is
a symptom
b. pain is a sign*
c. signs are objective
d. symptoms are subjective
e. pain travels via the spinothalamic pathway
Which of the following characteristics is correct regarding co-
morbidities? - ANSWER a. the presence of one or more
additional diseases co-occuring with primary disease*
b. the proportion of people within a population affected by a
disease
c. refers to the factors that contribute to disease onset
d. the amount of new cases presenting per year
e. the technical word for disease
,2|Page
Which of the following characteristics is correct regarding
ACUTE diseases? - ANSWER a. lasts for a long period of time,
often a lifetime
b. diabetes is a prime example
c. there is rarely a full recovery
d. often no permanent damage*
e. has a gradual onset
When a drug is administered orally you quite often have to
administer a higher dose than what is needed to produce the
desired effect. Why is that? - ANSWER a. the drug is very slow
to be absorbed
b. most of the drug isn't absorbed and is excreted directly by
GIT
c. the liver may metabolise a high percentage of a drug before it
reaches it's target*
e. the drug is unable to be transported through the blood
What does 'selective toxicity' mean in relation to antibiotics? (2)
- ANSWER - it targets bacteria while only causing minimal
damage to our cells
,3|Page
- it targets structural and functional differences between
bacteria (prokaryotic) and human cells (eukaryotic)
What are 4 mechanisms of antimicrobial action? - ANSWER 1.
inhibition of cell wall synthesis
2. distribution of microbial cell membrane
3. inhibition of protein synthesis
4. interference with metabolic processes
What are prophylactic antibiotics used for? - ANSWER As a
precaution against infection and is appropriate for patients who
have a compromised immune system.
List 3 proton-pump inhibitors 'prazoles'. - ANSWER -
esomeprazole
- omeprazole
- pantoprazole
List 3 H2-receptor antagonists 'tidine'. - ANSWER - cimetidine
- ranitidine
, 4|Page
- nizatidine
What is pain? - ANSWER An unpleasant emotional and sensory
response to damage.
What are 2 types of pain? - ANSWER - nociceptive: from pain
receptors
- neuropathic: from pain nerves
What are 2 more 'types' of pain? - ANSWER Somatic
- from skin, muscles or joints
- activates nocioceptive receptors
- superficial (fast) or deep (slow)
Visceral
- stimulates nocioceptive receptors in thoracic or abdominal
cavity
- slow
- carried by somatic pathways (referred pathways)
