Med Surg Nur 242 Exam 2 Study Guide UPDATED ACTUAL Questions And
Correct Answers
Terms in this set (183)
Fluid volume deficit is also called ? hypovolemia and dehydration
What causes fluid volume deficit ? Anything that causes loss of fluid volume from the body or blood vessels .
Decreased intake of fluid .
What are some examples of things that cause fluid Bleeding
volume deficit ? Nausea /Vomiting /Diarrhea
Diuretic use
Draining wounds or fistulas
NPO status
Decreased LOC
Dysphagia
What are some symptoms of fluid volume deficit ? Weight loss due to volume being less
Weak pulse due to less pressure exerted on the walls of the arteries
Flat neck veins
Skin dry and cracked due to body saving fluid for main vital organs
Poor skin turgor
Confused and lethargic
Oliguria (urine dark and concentrated )
HR elevated
Low BP due to low volume
Elevated Temp
Interventions for fluid deficit Give IV fluids as ordered
Monitor for improvement and possible fluid volume overload
Fix the cause
What are complications we should monitor for due to Organ dysfunction and failure due to poor tissue perfusion
fluid volume deficit ?
Fluid volume overload is also called ? Hypervolemia
What causes fluid volume overload ? Anything that causes the body to retain fluid (long term steroid use /heart failure )
Anything that decreases the body's ability to excrete fluid (renal failure )
Excess intake of fluid (IV fluid rate too fast or too much volume )Drinking too
much fluid
, What are some symptoms of fluid volume overload ? Bounding pulse
Distended neck veins
Weight gain
Lower extremity edema
LOC altered
Sob
Crackles
HR BP RR is elevated
Interventions for fluid volume overload Loop diuretics -lasix
Salt and fluid restrictions
Daily weights
Hob keep elevated
What complications should you monitor for in volume Pulmonary edema (worsening SOB, Crackles,Drop in O2,orthopnea)
overload ?
What is the range for hypernatremia ? greater than 145
What are s/s of hypernatremia ? Headache
Lethargy
Confusion
Seizures
Muscle twitching
Abdominal cramps
N/V
Treatment for hypernatremia ? Administer IVF NS
Flush out sodium
Drink sodium free fluids
Na restricted diet
What are s/s of hypernatremia ? Headache
Lethargy
Confusion
Seizures
Muscle twitching
Abdominal cramping
N/V
What is the range for hyponatremia? less than 135
What are s/s of hyponatremia ? Fatigue
Restlessness
Red dry swollen tongue
Confusion
Decreased LOC
Dry sticky mucus membrane
Treatment for hyponatremia Administer IVF with sodium ( 3% or 5%)
Eat foods high in sodium
D/C diuretics
Correct Answers
Terms in this set (183)
Fluid volume deficit is also called ? hypovolemia and dehydration
What causes fluid volume deficit ? Anything that causes loss of fluid volume from the body or blood vessels .
Decreased intake of fluid .
What are some examples of things that cause fluid Bleeding
volume deficit ? Nausea /Vomiting /Diarrhea
Diuretic use
Draining wounds or fistulas
NPO status
Decreased LOC
Dysphagia
What are some symptoms of fluid volume deficit ? Weight loss due to volume being less
Weak pulse due to less pressure exerted on the walls of the arteries
Flat neck veins
Skin dry and cracked due to body saving fluid for main vital organs
Poor skin turgor
Confused and lethargic
Oliguria (urine dark and concentrated )
HR elevated
Low BP due to low volume
Elevated Temp
Interventions for fluid deficit Give IV fluids as ordered
Monitor for improvement and possible fluid volume overload
Fix the cause
What are complications we should monitor for due to Organ dysfunction and failure due to poor tissue perfusion
fluid volume deficit ?
Fluid volume overload is also called ? Hypervolemia
What causes fluid volume overload ? Anything that causes the body to retain fluid (long term steroid use /heart failure )
Anything that decreases the body's ability to excrete fluid (renal failure )
Excess intake of fluid (IV fluid rate too fast or too much volume )Drinking too
much fluid
, What are some symptoms of fluid volume overload ? Bounding pulse
Distended neck veins
Weight gain
Lower extremity edema
LOC altered
Sob
Crackles
HR BP RR is elevated
Interventions for fluid volume overload Loop diuretics -lasix
Salt and fluid restrictions
Daily weights
Hob keep elevated
What complications should you monitor for in volume Pulmonary edema (worsening SOB, Crackles,Drop in O2,orthopnea)
overload ?
What is the range for hypernatremia ? greater than 145
What are s/s of hypernatremia ? Headache
Lethargy
Confusion
Seizures
Muscle twitching
Abdominal cramps
N/V
Treatment for hypernatremia ? Administer IVF NS
Flush out sodium
Drink sodium free fluids
Na restricted diet
What are s/s of hypernatremia ? Headache
Lethargy
Confusion
Seizures
Muscle twitching
Abdominal cramping
N/V
What is the range for hyponatremia? less than 135
What are s/s of hyponatremia ? Fatigue
Restlessness
Red dry swollen tongue
Confusion
Decreased LOC
Dry sticky mucus membrane
Treatment for hyponatremia Administer IVF with sodium ( 3% or 5%)
Eat foods high in sodium
D/C diuretics
