Rubin's Pathology Clinicopathologic Foundation : From Basics to Clinical Mastery

Test Bank Rubin's Pathology: Clinicopathologic Foundations of Medicine 7th Edition
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Table of Contents:
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Chapter 1: Cell Adaptation, Injury and Death
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Chapter 2: Inflammation
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Chapter 3: Repair, Regeneration and Fibrosis
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Chapter 4: Immunopathology
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Chapter 5: Neoplasia
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Chapter 6: Developmental and Genetic Diseases
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Chapter 7: Hemodynamic Disorders
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Chapter 8: Environmental and Nutritional Pathology
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Chapter 9: Infectious and Parasitic Diseases
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Section II: Pathogenesis of Systemic Conditions Expandable section
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Chapter 10: Aging vr vr




Chapter 11: Systemic Autoimmune Diseases
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Chapter 12: Sepsis vr vr




Chapter 13: Obesity and Diabetes Mellitus
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Chapter 14: The Pathology of Pregnancy
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Chapter 15: The Amyloidoses
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Section III: Diseases of Individual Organ SystemsExpandable section
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Chapter 16: Blood Vessels
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Chapter 17: The Heart
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Chapter 18: The Respiratory System
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Chapter 19: The Gastrointestinal Tract
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Chapter 20: The Liver and Biliary System
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Chapter 21: The Pancreas
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Chapter 22: The Kidney
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Chapter 23: The Lower Urinary Tract and Male Reproductive System
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Chapter 24: The Female Reproductive System and Peritoneum
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Chapter 25: The Breast
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Chapter 26: Hematopathology
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Chapter 27: The Endocrine System
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Chapter 28: The Skin
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Chapter 29: The Head and Neck
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Chapter 30: Bones, Joints and Soft Tissue
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Chapter 31: Skeletal Muscle and Peripheral Nervous System
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Chapter 32: The Central Nervous System
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Chapter 33: The Eyevr vr vr




Chapter 34: Forensic Pathology
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,Rubin's Pathology: Clinicopathologic Foundations of
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MedicineChapter 1: Cell Adaptation, Injury and Death
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Ischemia and other toxic injuries increase the accumulation of intracellular calcium as a result
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1. of:
A) release of stored calcium from the mitochondria.
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B) improved intracellular volume regulation. vr vr vr




C) decreased influx across the cell membrane. vr vr vr vr vr




D) attraction of calcium to fatty infiltrates. vr vr vr vr vr




The patient is found to have liver disease, resulting in the removal of a lobe of his liver.
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2. Adaptation to the reduced size of the liver leads to _ vr ofthe remaining liver cells.
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A) metaplasia
B) organ atrophy vr




C) compensatory hyperplasia vr




D) physiologic hypertrophy vr




A person eating peanuts starts choking and collapses. His airway obstruction is partially cleared,
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but he remains hypoxic until he reaches the hospital. The prolonged cell hypoxia
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3. caused a cerebral infarction and resulting
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A) caspase activation vr




B) coagulation necrosis vr




C) rapid phagocytosis vr




D) protein p53 deficiency vr vr




Bacteria and viruses cause cell damage by
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4. damage caused by other injurious agents.
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A) disrupting the sodium/potassium ATPase pump vr vr vr vr




B) interrupting oxidative metabolism processes vr vr vr




C) replicating and producing continued injury vr vr vr vr




D) decreasing protein synthesis and function vr vr vr vr




The patient has a prolonged interruption in arterial blood flow to his left kidney, causing
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5. hypoxic cell injury and the release of free radicals. Free radicals damage cells by:
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A) destroying phospholipids in the cell membrane. vr vr vr vr vr




B) altering the immune response of the cell. vr vr vr vr vr vr




C) disrupting calcium storage in the cell. vr vr vr vr vr




D) inactivation of enzymes and mitochondria. vr vr vr vr

,6. Injured cells have impaired flow of substances through the cell membrane as a result of:
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A) increased fat load. vr vr




B) altered permeability. vr




C) altered glucose utilization. vr vr




D) increased surface receptors. vr vr




7. Reversible adaptive intracellular responses are initiated by:vr vr vr vr vr vr




A) stimulus overload. vr




B) genetic mutations. vr




C) chemical messengers. vr




D) mitochondrial DNA. vr




8. Injured cells become very swollen as a result of:
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A) increased cell protein synthesis. vr vr vr




B) altered cell volume regulation. vr vr vr




C) passive entry of potassium into the cell. vr vr vr vr vr vr




D) bleb formation in the plasma membrane.
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A diabetic patient has impaired sensation, circulation, and oxygenation of his feet. He steps on a
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piece of glass, the wound does not heal, and the area tissue becomes necrotic. The necrotic
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9. cell death is characterized by:
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A) rapid apoptosis. vr




B) cellular rupture. vr




C) shrinkage and collapse. vr vr




D) chronic inflammation. vr




A 99-year-old woman has experienced the decline of cell function associated with age. A
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10. group of theories of cellular aging focus on programmed:
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A) changes with genetic influences. vr vr vr




B) elimination of cell receptor sites. vr vr vr vr




C) insufficient telomerase enzyme. vr vr




D) DNA mutation or faulty repair. vr vr vr vr




An 89-year-old female patient has experienced significant decreases in her mobility and
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stamina during a 3-week hospital stay for the treatment of a femoral head fracture. Which of the
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following phenomena most likely accounts for the patients decrease in muscle function
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11. that underlies her reduced mobility?
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A) Impaired muscle cell metabolism resulting from metaplasia vr vr vr vr vr vr




B) Dysplasia as a consequence of inflammation during bone remodeling vr vr vr vr vr vr vr vr




C) Disuse atrophy of muscle cells during a prolonged period of immobility
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, D) Ischemic atrophy resulting from vascular changes while on bedrest vr vr vr vr vr vr vr vr




A20-year-old college student has presented to her campus medical clinic for a scheduled Papanicolaou
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(Pap) smear. The clinician who will interpret the smear will examine cell
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12. samples for evidence of: vr vr vr




A) changes in cell shape, size, and organization. vr vr vr vr vr vr




B) the presence of unexpected cell types.
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C) ischemic changes in cell samples. vr vr vr vr




D) abnormally high numbers of cells in a specified field. vr vr vr vr vr vr vr vr




Which of the following pathophysiologic processes is most likely to result in metastatic
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13. calcification?
A) Benign prostatic hyperplasia vr vr




B) Liver cirrhosis vr




C) Impaired glycogen metabolism vr vr




D) Hyperparathyroidism
Despite the low levels of radiation used in contemporary radiologic imaging, a radiology
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technician is aware of the need to minimize her exposure to ionizing radiation. What is the
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14. primaryrationale for the technicians precautions?
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A) Radiation stimulates pathologic cell hypertrophy and hyperplasia. vr vr vr vr vr vr




B) Radiation results in the accumulation of endogenous waste products in the cytoplasm. vr vr vr vr vr vr vr vr vr vr vr




C) Radiation interferes with DNA synthesis and mitosis. vr vr vr vr vr vr




D) Radiation decreases the action potential of rapidly dividing cells. vr vr vr vr vr vr vr vr




The parents of a 4-year-old girl have sought care because their daughter has admitted to chewing
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and swallowing imported toy figurines that have been determined to be made of lead.
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15. Which of the following blood tests should the care team prioritize?
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A) White blood cell levels with differential vr vr vr vr vr




B) Red blood cell levels and morphology
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C) Urea and creatinine levels vr vr vr




D) Liver function panel vr vr




A 70-year-old male patient has been admitted to a hospital for the treatment of a recent
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hemorrhagic stroke that has left him with numerous motor and sensory deficits. These deficits
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16. are most likely the result of which of the following mechanisms of cell injury?
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A) Free radical injury vr vr




B) Hypoxia and ATP depletion vr vr vr




C) Interference with DNA synthesis vr vr vr




D) Impaired calcium homeostasis vr vr