IOM I - Final Exam Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
Optimal anaesthesia for intraoperative monitoring involves
________, +/- < ___ MAC of volatile or inhalational agents, and
partial/complete
absence of _____________.
a) Total intravenous anaesthetic; 0.5; neuromuscular blockade
b) TIVA; 1; atracurium
c) Bispectral index; 0.5; rocuronium
d) TIVA; 1; suxamethonium
e) Total intravenous anaesthetic; 1; sugammadex -
correct answer ✅a) Total intravenous anaesthetic; 0.5;
neuromuscular blockade.
Some anaesthetists will implore the use of volatile anaesthetic to
reduce the incidence of intraoperative awareness, politely
requesting 0.5 or maximum 1MAC of desflurane (preferably) will
decrease the concern.
Total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) for patients undergoing
multimodal intraoperative monitoring are usually administered
which combination of the following drug(s)?
a) Fentanyl; ketamine
b) Remifentanil; propofol
,IOM I - Final Exam Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
c) Propofol; dexmedetomidine
d) Ketamine; sevoflurane
e) Dexmedetomidine; fentanyl -
correct answer ✅b) remifentanil; propofol
Although DEX is not as common for total intravenous anaesthesia, it
is sometimes used.
Sevoflurane, desflurane, isoflurane & nitrous oxide are commonly
used inhalational (volatile) agents. Which IONM modality is usually
most affected?
a) TcMEP
b) D-wave
c) Auditory Brainstem Response
d) SSEP
e) EMG -
correct answer ✅a) TcMEP
In the late 1970's, the original use of somatosensory evoked
potentials were employed during which procedure?
a) L5/S1 spondylolisthesis
,IOM I - Final Exam Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
b) Harrington rod instrumentation
c) Acoustic neuroma resection
d) Intradural tumour resection
e) Spinal decompression -
correct answer ✅b) Harrington rod instrumentation
Which two factors are commonly indicated to compromise the
functional integrity of the nervous system during surgical
operations of the spine?
a) Hematoma & ischemia
b) Mechanical injury & ischemia
c) Temperature & positioning
d) Anaesthesia & temperature
e) Hypoperfusion & Positioning -
correct answer ✅b) mechanical injury and ischemia
What are four common systemic factors that influence
neurophysiological recordings?
a) Anaesthesia, positioning, diathermy, impedance
b) Impedance, temperature, positioning, anaesthesia
c) Perfusion, temperature, positioning, anaesthesia
, IOM I - Final Exam Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
d) Impedance, temperature, positioning, perfusion
e) Anaesthesia, diathermy, perfusion, cerebral oximetry -
correct answer ✅c) Perfusion, temperature, positioning,
anaesthesia
The cortical SSEP waveform shown above can be enhanced using
which electrophysiological technique?
a) Bandpass Filter
b) Artifact rejection
c) Signal to noise ratio
d) Notch filter
e) 12-point smoothing -
correct answer ✅a) bandpass filter
Signal to noise ratio relates to which of the following?
a) Minimising influence of artifact by attenuating high frequencies
b) The amplitude of the evoked response components to the
amplitude of the unrelated components
c) Sensitivity scaling
d) Two inputs of a differential amplifier
Answers (Grade A+)
Optimal anaesthesia for intraoperative monitoring involves
________, +/- < ___ MAC of volatile or inhalational agents, and
partial/complete
absence of _____________.
a) Total intravenous anaesthetic; 0.5; neuromuscular blockade
b) TIVA; 1; atracurium
c) Bispectral index; 0.5; rocuronium
d) TIVA; 1; suxamethonium
e) Total intravenous anaesthetic; 1; sugammadex -
correct answer ✅a) Total intravenous anaesthetic; 0.5;
neuromuscular blockade.
Some anaesthetists will implore the use of volatile anaesthetic to
reduce the incidence of intraoperative awareness, politely
requesting 0.5 or maximum 1MAC of desflurane (preferably) will
decrease the concern.
Total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) for patients undergoing
multimodal intraoperative monitoring are usually administered
which combination of the following drug(s)?
a) Fentanyl; ketamine
b) Remifentanil; propofol
,IOM I - Final Exam Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
c) Propofol; dexmedetomidine
d) Ketamine; sevoflurane
e) Dexmedetomidine; fentanyl -
correct answer ✅b) remifentanil; propofol
Although DEX is not as common for total intravenous anaesthesia, it
is sometimes used.
Sevoflurane, desflurane, isoflurane & nitrous oxide are commonly
used inhalational (volatile) agents. Which IONM modality is usually
most affected?
a) TcMEP
b) D-wave
c) Auditory Brainstem Response
d) SSEP
e) EMG -
correct answer ✅a) TcMEP
In the late 1970's, the original use of somatosensory evoked
potentials were employed during which procedure?
a) L5/S1 spondylolisthesis
,IOM I - Final Exam Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
b) Harrington rod instrumentation
c) Acoustic neuroma resection
d) Intradural tumour resection
e) Spinal decompression -
correct answer ✅b) Harrington rod instrumentation
Which two factors are commonly indicated to compromise the
functional integrity of the nervous system during surgical
operations of the spine?
a) Hematoma & ischemia
b) Mechanical injury & ischemia
c) Temperature & positioning
d) Anaesthesia & temperature
e) Hypoperfusion & Positioning -
correct answer ✅b) mechanical injury and ischemia
What are four common systemic factors that influence
neurophysiological recordings?
a) Anaesthesia, positioning, diathermy, impedance
b) Impedance, temperature, positioning, anaesthesia
c) Perfusion, temperature, positioning, anaesthesia
, IOM I - Final Exam Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
d) Impedance, temperature, positioning, perfusion
e) Anaesthesia, diathermy, perfusion, cerebral oximetry -
correct answer ✅c) Perfusion, temperature, positioning,
anaesthesia
The cortical SSEP waveform shown above can be enhanced using
which electrophysiological technique?
a) Bandpass Filter
b) Artifact rejection
c) Signal to noise ratio
d) Notch filter
e) 12-point smoothing -
correct answer ✅a) bandpass filter
Signal to noise ratio relates to which of the following?
a) Minimising influence of artifact by attenuating high frequencies
b) The amplitude of the evoked response components to the
amplitude of the unrelated components
c) Sensitivity scaling
d) Two inputs of a differential amplifier
