FSM 122 FINAL MATERIAL QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS
\.PI - ANSWERS✔-Performance Improvement
\.PI Framework (5 stages) - ANSWERS✔-*Stage 1*: consider institutional context
(mission, goals, etc.)
*Stage 2*: define "desired performance" vs "actual performance" (i.e.
performance gap)
*Stage 3*: find root cause
*Stage 4*: select interventions
*Stage 5*: implement interventions and audit performance gap improvement
\.Most Effective PI Techniques - ANSWERS✔-1. Step-by-step diagnostic process
2. Highly participatory method
3. Focus on all possible barriers
4. Focus interventions on most important problems
,5. Works at the organizational level as well as at the individual worker level
6. Systems that combine intervention strategies
7. Considers all causes of performance problems
8. Results-orientation is embedded in the process
\.Methods to Study PI - ANSWERS✔-1. Work sampling (watching employees at
work)
2. Pathway chart/flow diagram
3 Operation charts
4. Process charts
5. Micro-motion studies
\.Cause and Effect Fish Diagram - ANSWERS✔--Show the causes of each problem
and how they result in effect
-Causes include: materials, environment, methods, machines, and peoples
\.Pareto Chart - ANSWERS✔-- Bar graph that compares the frequency of
complaints for each problem to show which is most urgent issue
- Breaks down problems and depicts their importance
\.Managers hold accountability in... (3) - ANSWERS✔-1. Productivity measures
(efficiency and quality)
2. Financial measures (budgets)
3. Human resources (policies and procedures)
,\.Benchmarking - ANSWERS✔-*Comparison of an organization's measures with:*
1. Past measures
2. Other organizations
3. Industry standards
\.Constituencies - ANSWERS✔--A body of customers and supporters of a certain
company
-Want to keep all these people happy
\.Examples of Constituencies - ANSWERS✔-1. Vendors/suppliers
2. Financial backers
3. Employees
4. Customers
5. Neighbors
\.Types of Standards - ANSWERS✔-1. Quality Standards
2. Performance Standards
3. Standards mandated by regulations
4. Patient care standards
5. Standards mandated for voluntary accreditation
\.Policies and Procedures - ANSWERS✔--Purpose: "To ensure... To provide..."
, - Policy: their stance on certain issues
-Procedures: how to follow policy
-Mandated/influenced by regulations
-Must be comprehended by everyone in the company
\.Regulations - ANSWERS✔--"A regulation is a legal restriction promulgated by
government administrative agencies through rule-making supported by a threat of
sanction or a fine"
-Depend on type of operation
\.Least to most strict regulations - ANSWERS✔-Least Strict: Federal
State
County
City
Most Strict: Workplace Policies
\.USDA - ANSWERS✔-- Food Safety & Inspection Services (FSIS)
- National Organic Program
- Country of Origin Label (COOL)
- Nutrition Assistance Programs
- Safe drinking water for rural communities
- Dietary Guidelines for Americans
AND CORRECT ANSWERS
\.PI - ANSWERS✔-Performance Improvement
\.PI Framework (5 stages) - ANSWERS✔-*Stage 1*: consider institutional context
(mission, goals, etc.)
*Stage 2*: define "desired performance" vs "actual performance" (i.e.
performance gap)
*Stage 3*: find root cause
*Stage 4*: select interventions
*Stage 5*: implement interventions and audit performance gap improvement
\.Most Effective PI Techniques - ANSWERS✔-1. Step-by-step diagnostic process
2. Highly participatory method
3. Focus on all possible barriers
4. Focus interventions on most important problems
,5. Works at the organizational level as well as at the individual worker level
6. Systems that combine intervention strategies
7. Considers all causes of performance problems
8. Results-orientation is embedded in the process
\.Methods to Study PI - ANSWERS✔-1. Work sampling (watching employees at
work)
2. Pathway chart/flow diagram
3 Operation charts
4. Process charts
5. Micro-motion studies
\.Cause and Effect Fish Diagram - ANSWERS✔--Show the causes of each problem
and how they result in effect
-Causes include: materials, environment, methods, machines, and peoples
\.Pareto Chart - ANSWERS✔-- Bar graph that compares the frequency of
complaints for each problem to show which is most urgent issue
- Breaks down problems and depicts their importance
\.Managers hold accountability in... (3) - ANSWERS✔-1. Productivity measures
(efficiency and quality)
2. Financial measures (budgets)
3. Human resources (policies and procedures)
,\.Benchmarking - ANSWERS✔-*Comparison of an organization's measures with:*
1. Past measures
2. Other organizations
3. Industry standards
\.Constituencies - ANSWERS✔--A body of customers and supporters of a certain
company
-Want to keep all these people happy
\.Examples of Constituencies - ANSWERS✔-1. Vendors/suppliers
2. Financial backers
3. Employees
4. Customers
5. Neighbors
\.Types of Standards - ANSWERS✔-1. Quality Standards
2. Performance Standards
3. Standards mandated by regulations
4. Patient care standards
5. Standards mandated for voluntary accreditation
\.Policies and Procedures - ANSWERS✔--Purpose: "To ensure... To provide..."
, - Policy: their stance on certain issues
-Procedures: how to follow policy
-Mandated/influenced by regulations
-Must be comprehended by everyone in the company
\.Regulations - ANSWERS✔--"A regulation is a legal restriction promulgated by
government administrative agencies through rule-making supported by a threat of
sanction or a fine"
-Depend on type of operation
\.Least to most strict regulations - ANSWERS✔-Least Strict: Federal
State
County
City
Most Strict: Workplace Policies
\.USDA - ANSWERS✔-- Food Safety & Inspection Services (FSIS)
- National Organic Program
- Country of Origin Label (COOL)
- Nutrition Assistance Programs
- Safe drinking water for rural communities
- Dietary Guidelines for Americans
