BIOLOGY 1010 EXAM 2 (CSU STANISLAUS
BIOL 1010, SPRING 2026, DR.
SCHOENLY) (Latest Update )
Questions with Correct Answers 100%
Verified {Grade A}
Anaerobic - correct answer lacking or not requiring molecular oxygen (o2).
Cellular respiration - correct answer the aerobic harvesting of energy from food
molecules; the energy-releasing chemical breakdown of food molecules, such as
glucose, and the storage of potential energy in a form that cells can use to perform
work; involves glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, the electron transport chain, and
chemiosmosis.
Reduction - correct answer the gain of electrons by a substance involved in a redox
reaction; always accompanies oxidation.
,Fermentation - correct answer the anaerobic harvest of food by some cells.
Atp synthase - correct answer a protein cluster, found in a cellular membrane
(including the inner membrane of mitochondria, the thylakoid membrane of
chloroplasts, and the plasma membrane of prokaryotes), that uses the energy of a
hydrogen ion concentration gradient to make atp from adp. An atp synthase provides a
port through which hydrogen ions (h1) diffuse.
Oxidation - correct answer the loss of electrons from a substance involved in a redox
reaction; always accompanies reduction.
Glycolysis - correct answer the multistep chemical breakdown of a molecule of
glucose into two molecules of pyruvic acid; the first stage of cellular respiration in all
organisms; occurs in the cytoplasmic fluid.
,Nadh - correct answer an electron carrier (a molecule that carries electrons) involved
in cellular respiration and photosynthesis. Nadh carries electrons from glucose and
other fuel molecules and deposits them at the top of an electron transport chain. Nadh
is generated during glycolysis and the citric acid cycle.
Photon - correct answer a fixed quantity of light energy. The shorter the wavelength of
light, the greater the energy of a photon.
Nadph - correct answer an electron carrier (a molecule that carries electrons)
involved in photosynthesis. Light drives electrons from chlorophyll to nadp1, forming
nadph, which provides the high-energy electrons for the reduction of carbon dioxide to
sugar in the calvin cycle.
Stroma - correct answer a thick fluid enclosed by the inner membrane of a
chloroplast. Sugars are made in the stroma by the enzymes of the calvin cycle.
, Reaction center - correct answer in a photosystem in a chloroplast, the chlorophyll a
molecule and primary electron acceptor that trigger the light reactions of
photosynthesis. The chlorophyll donates an electron excited by light energy to the
primary electron acceptor, which passes an electron to an electron transport chain.
Hypothesis - correct answer a tentative explanation that a scientist proposes for a
specific phenomenon that has been observed.
Photosystem - correct answer a light-harvesting unit of a chloroplast's thylakoid
membrane; consists of several hundred antenna molecules, a reaction-center
chlorophyll, and a primary electron acceptor.
Primary electron acceptor - correct answer a molecule in the reaction center of a
photosystem that traps the light-excited electron from the reaction center chlorophyll.
BIOL 1010, SPRING 2026, DR.
SCHOENLY) (Latest Update )
Questions with Correct Answers 100%
Verified {Grade A}
Anaerobic - correct answer lacking or not requiring molecular oxygen (o2).
Cellular respiration - correct answer the aerobic harvesting of energy from food
molecules; the energy-releasing chemical breakdown of food molecules, such as
glucose, and the storage of potential energy in a form that cells can use to perform
work; involves glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, the electron transport chain, and
chemiosmosis.
Reduction - correct answer the gain of electrons by a substance involved in a redox
reaction; always accompanies oxidation.
,Fermentation - correct answer the anaerobic harvest of food by some cells.
Atp synthase - correct answer a protein cluster, found in a cellular membrane
(including the inner membrane of mitochondria, the thylakoid membrane of
chloroplasts, and the plasma membrane of prokaryotes), that uses the energy of a
hydrogen ion concentration gradient to make atp from adp. An atp synthase provides a
port through which hydrogen ions (h1) diffuse.
Oxidation - correct answer the loss of electrons from a substance involved in a redox
reaction; always accompanies reduction.
Glycolysis - correct answer the multistep chemical breakdown of a molecule of
glucose into two molecules of pyruvic acid; the first stage of cellular respiration in all
organisms; occurs in the cytoplasmic fluid.
,Nadh - correct answer an electron carrier (a molecule that carries electrons) involved
in cellular respiration and photosynthesis. Nadh carries electrons from glucose and
other fuel molecules and deposits them at the top of an electron transport chain. Nadh
is generated during glycolysis and the citric acid cycle.
Photon - correct answer a fixed quantity of light energy. The shorter the wavelength of
light, the greater the energy of a photon.
Nadph - correct answer an electron carrier (a molecule that carries electrons)
involved in photosynthesis. Light drives electrons from chlorophyll to nadp1, forming
nadph, which provides the high-energy electrons for the reduction of carbon dioxide to
sugar in the calvin cycle.
Stroma - correct answer a thick fluid enclosed by the inner membrane of a
chloroplast. Sugars are made in the stroma by the enzymes of the calvin cycle.
, Reaction center - correct answer in a photosystem in a chloroplast, the chlorophyll a
molecule and primary electron acceptor that trigger the light reactions of
photosynthesis. The chlorophyll donates an electron excited by light energy to the
primary electron acceptor, which passes an electron to an electron transport chain.
Hypothesis - correct answer a tentative explanation that a scientist proposes for a
specific phenomenon that has been observed.
Photosystem - correct answer a light-harvesting unit of a chloroplast's thylakoid
membrane; consists of several hundred antenna molecules, a reaction-center
chlorophyll, and a primary electron acceptor.
Primary electron acceptor - correct answer a molecule in the reaction center of a
photosystem that traps the light-excited electron from the reaction center chlorophyll.
