Easy explained exam prep - HESI A2 (Anatomy & Physiology) V1/V2 (word for word on HESI) questions and answers

What is the function of the alveoli in the lungs? ️️ Site of gas exchange between air and blood Which organelle is responsible for producing energy in the cell? ️️ Mitochondria What type of tissue covers body surfaces and lines cavities? ️️ Epithelial tissue What is the main function of red blood cells? ️️ Transport oxygen Which part of the brain controls balance and coordination? ️️ Cerebellum What is the basic unit of life? ️️ Cell Which system regulates hormones in the body? ️️ Endocrine system What is the largest organ in the human body? ️️ Skin What structure connects muscle to bone? ️️ Tendon Which blood vessels carry blood away from the heart? ️️ Arteries What is the main function of the kidneys? ️️ Filter waste from blood What type of joint allows movement in many directions? ️️ Ball-and-socket joint Which organ produces bile? ️️ Liver What is the function of white blood cells? ️️ Fight infection What structure protects the brain? ️️ Skull Which system is responsible for movement? ️️ Muscular system What is the main function of the small intestine? ️️ Nutrient absorption 2 What type of muscle is involuntary and found in organs? ️️ Smooth muscle What carries genetic information in the cell? ️️ DNA What is the function of the heart? ️️ Pump blood Which part of the neuron receives signals? ️️ Dendrites What is the normal pH range of blood? ️️ 7.35–7.45 Which gland controls other endocrine glands? ️️ Pituitary gland What is the function of platelets? ️️ Blood clotting Which organ is responsible for detoxification? ️️ Liver What type of blood cells help in immunity? ️️ White blood cells What structure separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities? ️️ Diaphragm What is the function of hemoglobin? ️️ Carry oxygen Which system includes bones and joints? ️️ Skeletal system What is the function of the large intestine? ️️ Water absorption What type of tissue connects and supports body parts? ️️ Connective tissue What is the function of the pancreas? ️️ Regulate blood sugar and aid digestion Which part of the brain controls breathing? ️️ Medulla oblongata What is the function of synovial fluid? ️️ Lubricate joints Which structure filters blood in the kidney? ️️ Nephron What is the function of the lymphatic system? ️️ Maintain fluid balance and fight infection Which hormone regulates metabolism? ️️ Thyroxine What type of joint is found in the elbow? ️️ Hinge joint What is the function of the rib cage? ️️ Protect vital organs 3 Which organ stores urine? ️️ Urinary bladder What is the function of the spinal cord? ️️ Transmit nerve signals What type of blood vessel allows exchange of nutrients? ️️ Capillaries What is the function of melanin? ️️ Protect skin from UV radiation Which organ produces insulin? ️️ Pancreas What is the function of the hypothalamus? ️️ Maintain homeostasis Which system defends against pathogens? ️️ Immune system What is the function of the esophagus? ️️ Transport food to stomach Which part of the eye controls light entry? ️️ Iris What is the function of cartilage? ️️ Provide support and flexibility Which structure produces cerebrospinal fluid? ️️ Choroid plexus What is the function of the adrenal glands? ️️ Produce stress hormones Which system removes carbon dioxide from the body? ️️ Respiratory system What is the function of the gallbladder? ️️ Store bile Which type of muscle is found in the heart? ️️ Cardiac muscle What is the function of the dermis? ️️ Provide strength and elasticity to skin Which structure connects bones to other bones? ️️ Ligament What is the function of the nasal cavity? ️️ Filter and warm air Which part of the ear is responsible for hearing? ️️ Cochlea What is the function of ATP? ️️ Provide energy for cellular processes Which organ is part of both digestive and endocrine systems? ️️ Pancreas What is the function of bile? ️️ Break down fats 4 Which part of the neuron transmits signals away from the cell body? ️️ Axon What is the function of the thymus? ️️ Develop T-cells Which structure is responsible for vision? ️️ Retina What is the function of the parathyroid glands? ️️ Regulate calcium levels