Biology 172 Exam 2 Summary Notes – University of Michigan

Exam2Summart
Metabolic lifestyles
Figgis Eighthithmpand
from
Heterotrophscarbon
Autotrophs Carbon
coz
from organiccompounds




bondstend to havemorehighfreeenergythan
EnergyIElectrong p g
High Lowfreeenergyreleasesenergyforthemetabolism
Electrons aretheMostimportantsourceofchemicalpotentialenergy
Amountof PEdependson
itspositionrelative to t and charges

Furtherfromnucleus Higherpotential
energy
Cellsmustreleaseenergyslowly



thxusthatinvolveelectrontransfer
Éggions GAINS e Reduced

LOSES é Oxidized

, Glucose Central to metabolism in heterotrophs
CatabolismBreakdownenergycontaining like toproduceATPandNADH
molecules glucose




Anabolism
Building
Macromolecules
usingenergy
contained in ATPandNADH


3 Steps to Extract Energyfrom Glucose


is iii iii
127CITRICACIDCYCLEGainalittleATPI NADH


am
molecules
otherhighenergy

for
CellularRespiration Oxidationof Glucoseto makeATPt other highenergymolecules
MostPEisinCFonds GHiz 602 6Coat6420 EnergyContainingMoleculessuchasATPNADHFADH
and
Glucose AIP NADI are key high energy molecules
PhosphateÉÉ:p
ATP Most PEis contained inthe 3
General éacceptorinruns sometimescalledelectroncame
aNADt andFAD
ofPE
NADHisthereducedformlots




fromglucose
Glycolosis Extracting energy


Energy InvestmentPhase

luc.seG Phosphate Fructose 6 Phosphate Fructose
6Bi phosphate




GSG ATP ADP
ATP
ATP ADP
ZADP
U
Catalyzedby
Phosphofractokinase 2ATPBindingSites
ADPatRegulatory
ATP ranrateifate
siteslows binds
ted

It It