ONTARIO OIT UPDATED FINAL STUDY PAPER
2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
◉ Key differences between acids and bases? Answer: An acid is a
substance that has a ph less than 7. In chemistry terms, an acids has
more free hydrogens ions than hydroxyl ions. Acids increase the
hydrogen concentration when added to water, resulting in a
reduction of the ph of the water.
A base is a substance that has a ph of more than 7, and less free
hydrogen ions than hydroxyl ions. Bases reduce the number of free
hydrogen ions when added to the water, causing an increase in ph.
◉ How are salts formed? Answer: A salt is the substance that is
precipitated as the results of the reaction between an acid and a
base ( neutralization).
◉ Describe the process of oxidation (what molecules are being
added or removed) and the results of oxidation in a water treatment
process Answer: Oxidation is the addition of oxygen, removal of
hydrogen, or the removal of electrons (a component of an atom)
from an element or compound, in the treatment processes, oxidation
results in the transformation of organic matter to more stable
substances. Oxygen and chlorine are two strong oxidizing
compounds.
,◉ What ion are released when a base is added to water, illustrate
this reaction with chemical formula Answer: Releases hydroxyl ions
OH-
NAOH = Na+ + OH-
Sodium hydroxide Sodium ion hydroxyl ion
◉ What ion are released when a acid is added to water? Answer:
Releases hydrogen ions when it disassociates. HCI = H+ CL-
Hydrochloric acid.
◉ Is ph of 9 more acidic than neutral? Answer: A ph of 9 more basic
than neutral.
◉ what is meant by mg/L? Answer: It is one method used to express
the concentration of a solution. milligrams dissolved or suspended
particles in a litre of water.
◉ What is carbon? Answer: Used to absorb organic compounds
(odour and taste)
◉ What is Aluminum Sulphate? Answer: Used as a chemical
coagulant
, ◉ What is Nitrogen? Answer: Vital element for living organisims
◉ What is Oxygen? Answer: Certain wastewater treatment
processes only occur in the presence or absence of oxygen
◉ What is Phosphorous? Answer: Necessary in biological
wastewater treatment
◉ Differentiate between adsorption and absorption? Answer:
Adsorption is a process where particles are trapped on the surface of
a material and absorption is referring to the trapping of particles
within the body of another material
◉ Describe how colour affects water treatment? Answer: Colour is
generally unacceptable to domestic customers and to some
industrial processes. Colour is one of the more difficult problems to
handle in the treatment of water. colour compounds may also be
precursors to disinfection by-product formation.
◉ Define Hardness? Answer: Hard waters contain high
concentration of dissolved mineral salts and require a considerable
amount of soap and lather. Hard water also leaves a scale in hot
water heaters and boilers.
2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
◉ Key differences between acids and bases? Answer: An acid is a
substance that has a ph less than 7. In chemistry terms, an acids has
more free hydrogens ions than hydroxyl ions. Acids increase the
hydrogen concentration when added to water, resulting in a
reduction of the ph of the water.
A base is a substance that has a ph of more than 7, and less free
hydrogen ions than hydroxyl ions. Bases reduce the number of free
hydrogen ions when added to the water, causing an increase in ph.
◉ How are salts formed? Answer: A salt is the substance that is
precipitated as the results of the reaction between an acid and a
base ( neutralization).
◉ Describe the process of oxidation (what molecules are being
added or removed) and the results of oxidation in a water treatment
process Answer: Oxidation is the addition of oxygen, removal of
hydrogen, or the removal of electrons (a component of an atom)
from an element or compound, in the treatment processes, oxidation
results in the transformation of organic matter to more stable
substances. Oxygen and chlorine are two strong oxidizing
compounds.
,◉ What ion are released when a base is added to water, illustrate
this reaction with chemical formula Answer: Releases hydroxyl ions
OH-
NAOH = Na+ + OH-
Sodium hydroxide Sodium ion hydroxyl ion
◉ What ion are released when a acid is added to water? Answer:
Releases hydrogen ions when it disassociates. HCI = H+ CL-
Hydrochloric acid.
◉ Is ph of 9 more acidic than neutral? Answer: A ph of 9 more basic
than neutral.
◉ what is meant by mg/L? Answer: It is one method used to express
the concentration of a solution. milligrams dissolved or suspended
particles in a litre of water.
◉ What is carbon? Answer: Used to absorb organic compounds
(odour and taste)
◉ What is Aluminum Sulphate? Answer: Used as a chemical
coagulant
, ◉ What is Nitrogen? Answer: Vital element for living organisims
◉ What is Oxygen? Answer: Certain wastewater treatment
processes only occur in the presence or absence of oxygen
◉ What is Phosphorous? Answer: Necessary in biological
wastewater treatment
◉ Differentiate between adsorption and absorption? Answer:
Adsorption is a process where particles are trapped on the surface of
a material and absorption is referring to the trapping of particles
within the body of another material
◉ Describe how colour affects water treatment? Answer: Colour is
generally unacceptable to domestic customers and to some
industrial processes. Colour is one of the more difficult problems to
handle in the treatment of water. colour compounds may also be
precursors to disinfection by-product formation.
◉ Define Hardness? Answer: Hard waters contain high
concentration of dissolved mineral salts and require a considerable
amount of soap and lather. Hard water also leaves a scale in hot
water heaters and boilers.
