NURS 5433 Final Exam Actual Exam 2026
All Questions and Answers Verified Answers
Top Rated A+
What is the treatment for otitis externa?
Treatment includes ciprofloxacin/dexamethasone drops.
What is the significance of the Quantiferon gold blood test?
The Quantiferon gold blood test is the gold standard for diagnosing
tuberculosis (TB).
What is the risk categorization for TB testing?
Risk categories for TB testing include low, moderate, and high risk, with
specific induration measurements for HIV+ individuals and healthy
adults.
What is the follow-up recommendation for severe blepharitis?
Referral to ophthalmology is recommended for severe or refractory
cases of blepharitis.
What is the treatment for chalazion if it persists?
Persistent chalazion may require steroid injection or surgical removal.
What are the symptoms of angle-closure glaucoma?
Symptoms include severe pain, blurred vision, and rapid increase in eye
pressure.
What is the role of antihistamine eye drops in allergic conjunctivitis?
Antihistamine eye drops are used to relieve symptoms of allergic
conjunctivitis, such as watery and itchy eyes.
,What is sensorineural hearing loss?
Hearing loss caused by damage or noise exposure, including conditions
like presbycusis.
What are ototoxic medications?
Medications that can cause hearing loss, including aminoglycosides,
aspirin, erectile dysfunction drugs, and loop diuretics.
What is allergic rhinitis and its pathophysiology?
An immune response to allergens (like pollen or dust) that causes nasal
congestion, runny nose, and sneezing, often IgE-mediated.
What are the treatments for allergic rhinitis?
Avoidance of allergens, antihistamines, intranasal steroids, and
immunotherapy.
How does non-allergic rhinitis differ from allergic rhinitis?
Non-allergic rhinitis is triggered by irritants, not an immune response,
and symptoms are more persistent.
What is vasomotor rhinitis?
A non-allergic type of rhinitis caused by physiological changes in
temperature and humidity, leading to nasal inflammation.
What are the signs of acute bacterial rhinosinusitis (ABRS)?
Facial pain and purulent nasal discharge lasting more than 10 days.
What is the treatment for bacterial sinusitis?
Augmentin if bacterial infection is confirmed.
What is epistaxis and how is it classified?
,Nosebleed classified as anterior (Kiesselbach's plexus) or posterior
(emergency).
What are the treatments for epistaxis?
Direct pressure and nasal packing.
What are aphthous ulcers and their causes?
Painful, small yellow lesions with a red border in the mouth caused by
stress, injury, or vitamin deficiencies.
What is the treatment for aphthous ulcers?
OTC gel simethicone and topical steroids (triamcinolone).
What is herpes labialis and its symptoms?
Cold sores caused by HSV-1, with symptoms including fever and sore
throat during the first outbreak.
What is the treatment for herpes labialis?
Acyclovir or valacyclovir if taken within 2 days of outbreak.
What is cheilosis and its causes?
Inflammation at the corners of the mouth caused by nutritional
deficiencies, excessive moisture, or diabetes.
What is thrush and its causative agent?
Oral candidiasis caused by Candida albicans.
What is leukoplakia and its implications?
White patches in the mouth that are pre-malignant, often caused by
tobacco or chronic irritation.
What are the risk factors for oral cancer?
, Tobacco use, alcohol consumption, and HPV infection.
What is the pathophysiology of pharyngitis?
Typically caused by beta-hemolytic Streptococcus.
What is the treatment for bacterial pharyngitis?
Penicillin V K or Amoxicillin for 10 days; alternatives for those with
penicillin allergy.
What is the stepwise approach for managing asthma?
Adjust medications based on symptom control, stepping up if
uncontrolled for 2-3 months, and stepping down if well-controlled for 3
months.
What are the asthma action plan zones?
Green Zone: Good control; Yellow Zone: Caution; Red Zone: Medical
emergency.
How do asthma and COPD differ?
Asthma has variable airflow obstruction and is often seen in children,
while COPD progresses slowly and is associated with a history of
smoking.
What is the pathophysiology of COPD?
Persistent respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation due to airway
and/or alveolar abnormalities.
What is the GOLD initiative?
Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, providing
guidelines for COPD management based on FEV1.
What FEV1/FVC ratio indicates COPD?
All Questions and Answers Verified Answers
Top Rated A+
What is the treatment for otitis externa?
Treatment includes ciprofloxacin/dexamethasone drops.
What is the significance of the Quantiferon gold blood test?
The Quantiferon gold blood test is the gold standard for diagnosing
tuberculosis (TB).
What is the risk categorization for TB testing?
Risk categories for TB testing include low, moderate, and high risk, with
specific induration measurements for HIV+ individuals and healthy
adults.
What is the follow-up recommendation for severe blepharitis?
Referral to ophthalmology is recommended for severe or refractory
cases of blepharitis.
What is the treatment for chalazion if it persists?
Persistent chalazion may require steroid injection or surgical removal.
What are the symptoms of angle-closure glaucoma?
Symptoms include severe pain, blurred vision, and rapid increase in eye
pressure.
What is the role of antihistamine eye drops in allergic conjunctivitis?
Antihistamine eye drops are used to relieve symptoms of allergic
conjunctivitis, such as watery and itchy eyes.
,What is sensorineural hearing loss?
Hearing loss caused by damage or noise exposure, including conditions
like presbycusis.
What are ototoxic medications?
Medications that can cause hearing loss, including aminoglycosides,
aspirin, erectile dysfunction drugs, and loop diuretics.
What is allergic rhinitis and its pathophysiology?
An immune response to allergens (like pollen or dust) that causes nasal
congestion, runny nose, and sneezing, often IgE-mediated.
What are the treatments for allergic rhinitis?
Avoidance of allergens, antihistamines, intranasal steroids, and
immunotherapy.
How does non-allergic rhinitis differ from allergic rhinitis?
Non-allergic rhinitis is triggered by irritants, not an immune response,
and symptoms are more persistent.
What is vasomotor rhinitis?
A non-allergic type of rhinitis caused by physiological changes in
temperature and humidity, leading to nasal inflammation.
What are the signs of acute bacterial rhinosinusitis (ABRS)?
Facial pain and purulent nasal discharge lasting more than 10 days.
What is the treatment for bacterial sinusitis?
Augmentin if bacterial infection is confirmed.
What is epistaxis and how is it classified?
,Nosebleed classified as anterior (Kiesselbach's plexus) or posterior
(emergency).
What are the treatments for epistaxis?
Direct pressure and nasal packing.
What are aphthous ulcers and their causes?
Painful, small yellow lesions with a red border in the mouth caused by
stress, injury, or vitamin deficiencies.
What is the treatment for aphthous ulcers?
OTC gel simethicone and topical steroids (triamcinolone).
What is herpes labialis and its symptoms?
Cold sores caused by HSV-1, with symptoms including fever and sore
throat during the first outbreak.
What is the treatment for herpes labialis?
Acyclovir or valacyclovir if taken within 2 days of outbreak.
What is cheilosis and its causes?
Inflammation at the corners of the mouth caused by nutritional
deficiencies, excessive moisture, or diabetes.
What is thrush and its causative agent?
Oral candidiasis caused by Candida albicans.
What is leukoplakia and its implications?
White patches in the mouth that are pre-malignant, often caused by
tobacco or chronic irritation.
What are the risk factors for oral cancer?
, Tobacco use, alcohol consumption, and HPV infection.
What is the pathophysiology of pharyngitis?
Typically caused by beta-hemolytic Streptococcus.
What is the treatment for bacterial pharyngitis?
Penicillin V K or Amoxicillin for 10 days; alternatives for those with
penicillin allergy.
What is the stepwise approach for managing asthma?
Adjust medications based on symptom control, stepping up if
uncontrolled for 2-3 months, and stepping down if well-controlled for 3
months.
What are the asthma action plan zones?
Green Zone: Good control; Yellow Zone: Caution; Red Zone: Medical
emergency.
How do asthma and COPD differ?
Asthma has variable airflow obstruction and is often seen in children,
while COPD progresses slowly and is associated with a history of
smoking.
What is the pathophysiology of COPD?
Persistent respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation due to airway
and/or alveolar abnormalities.
What is the GOLD initiative?
Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, providing
guidelines for COPD management based on FEV1.
What FEV1/FVC ratio indicates COPD?
