ESSENTIALS OF PEDIATRIC NURSING
COMPREHENSIVE EXAM 2026 TESTED
QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◉ A nurse is assessing a child with a tick-borne disease. What finding
would indicate to the nurse that the child has developed ehrlichiosis and
not Rocky Mountain spotted fever?
Fever
Absence of rash
Malaise
Headache. Answer: Absence of rash
Both Rocky Mountain spotted fever and ehrlichiosis are manifested by
fever, headache, and malaise. However, there is rarely a rash with
ehrlichiosis, which helps to differentiate it from Rocky Mountain spotted
fever.
◉ An adolescent girl and her caregiver present at the pediatrician's
office. The adolescent reports severe abdominal pain. A diagnosis of
pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is made. The nurse notes in the
,child's chart that this is the third time she has been treated for PID.
Which action by the nurse would be most appropriate?
Take the child to a private room and interview her regarding her sexual
history and partners.
Contact the necessary authorities to report a suspected case of sexual
abuse.
Take the caregiver to a private room and tell her that the child's
diagnosis can only come from sexual activity.
Talk to the child and caregiver together and explain that the condition is
often a result of a sexually transmitted infection and discuss the
importance of safe sex practices. Answer: Take the child to a private
room and interview her regarding her sexual history and partners.
Adolescents must be made aware of the seriousness of PID, a common
result of a chlamydial infection. Pelvic inflammatory disease can cause
sterility in the female, primarily by causing scarring in the fallopian
tubes that prohibits the passage of the fertilized ovum into the uterus. A
tubal pregnancy may be the consequence of a chlamydial infection. In
the male, sterility may result from epididymitis caused by a chlamydial
infection. All sexual partners must be treated.
◉ The nurse is caring for an adolescent diagnosed with genital herpes.
The drug of choice for treating genital herpes is:
Ceftriaxone
,Penicillin
Griseofluvin
Acyclovir. Answer: Acyclovir
The drug acyclovir is useful in relieving or suppressing the symptoms of
genital herpes.
◉ A child in the clinic has a fever and reports a sore neck. Upon
assessment the nurse finds a swollen parotid gland. The nurse suspects
which infectious disease?
Whooping cough
Measles
Scabies
Mumps. Answer: Mumps
Mumps is an infectious disease with a primary symptom of a swollen
parotid gland. It is a contagious disease spread by droplets. The child is
contagious 1 to 7 days prior to the onset of the swelling and 4 to 9 days
after the onset of the swelling. Pertussis is a respiratory disorder which
causes severe paroxysmal coughing which produces a whooping sound.
Measles is recognized by Koplick spots in the mouth and the classic
maculopapular rash that starts on the head and spreads downward.
Scabies is a skin condition where lice lay eggs under the skin. The rash
is very puritic and is seen on the hands, feet, and folds of the skin.
, ◉ A nursing instructor is teaching the students about the standard and
transmission-based precautions. What type of precautions require
placing a client in an isolated room with limited access, wearing gloves
during contact with the client and all body fluids or contaminated items,
wearing two layers of protective clothing, and avoiding sharing
equipment between clients?
Contact precautions
Airborne precautions
Standard precautions
Droplet precautions. Answer: Contact precautions
Contact precautions means placing the client in an isolation room with
limited access, wearing gloves during contact with the client and all
body fluids, wearing two layers of protective clothing, limiting
movement of the client from the room, and avoiding sharing equipment
between clients. Standard precautions are used with every client. They
involve good handwashing and the use of gloves for client contact.
Airborne precautions are used for diseases where small particles are
dispersed in the air. They require the client in a negative pressure room
and, in addition to standard personal protective equipment, the mask
should be N95 or higher. Varicella would need airborne precautions.
Droplet precautions are used for diseases such as pertusis which produce
large droplets. They require standard precautions plus a surgical mask,
preferably with a face shield.
COMPREHENSIVE EXAM 2026 TESTED
QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◉ A nurse is assessing a child with a tick-borne disease. What finding
would indicate to the nurse that the child has developed ehrlichiosis and
not Rocky Mountain spotted fever?
Fever
Absence of rash
Malaise
Headache. Answer: Absence of rash
Both Rocky Mountain spotted fever and ehrlichiosis are manifested by
fever, headache, and malaise. However, there is rarely a rash with
ehrlichiosis, which helps to differentiate it from Rocky Mountain spotted
fever.
◉ An adolescent girl and her caregiver present at the pediatrician's
office. The adolescent reports severe abdominal pain. A diagnosis of
pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is made. The nurse notes in the
,child's chart that this is the third time she has been treated for PID.
Which action by the nurse would be most appropriate?
Take the child to a private room and interview her regarding her sexual
history and partners.
Contact the necessary authorities to report a suspected case of sexual
abuse.
Take the caregiver to a private room and tell her that the child's
diagnosis can only come from sexual activity.
Talk to the child and caregiver together and explain that the condition is
often a result of a sexually transmitted infection and discuss the
importance of safe sex practices. Answer: Take the child to a private
room and interview her regarding her sexual history and partners.
Adolescents must be made aware of the seriousness of PID, a common
result of a chlamydial infection. Pelvic inflammatory disease can cause
sterility in the female, primarily by causing scarring in the fallopian
tubes that prohibits the passage of the fertilized ovum into the uterus. A
tubal pregnancy may be the consequence of a chlamydial infection. In
the male, sterility may result from epididymitis caused by a chlamydial
infection. All sexual partners must be treated.
◉ The nurse is caring for an adolescent diagnosed with genital herpes.
The drug of choice for treating genital herpes is:
Ceftriaxone
,Penicillin
Griseofluvin
Acyclovir. Answer: Acyclovir
The drug acyclovir is useful in relieving or suppressing the symptoms of
genital herpes.
◉ A child in the clinic has a fever and reports a sore neck. Upon
assessment the nurse finds a swollen parotid gland. The nurse suspects
which infectious disease?
Whooping cough
Measles
Scabies
Mumps. Answer: Mumps
Mumps is an infectious disease with a primary symptom of a swollen
parotid gland. It is a contagious disease spread by droplets. The child is
contagious 1 to 7 days prior to the onset of the swelling and 4 to 9 days
after the onset of the swelling. Pertussis is a respiratory disorder which
causes severe paroxysmal coughing which produces a whooping sound.
Measles is recognized by Koplick spots in the mouth and the classic
maculopapular rash that starts on the head and spreads downward.
Scabies is a skin condition where lice lay eggs under the skin. The rash
is very puritic and is seen on the hands, feet, and folds of the skin.
, ◉ A nursing instructor is teaching the students about the standard and
transmission-based precautions. What type of precautions require
placing a client in an isolated room with limited access, wearing gloves
during contact with the client and all body fluids or contaminated items,
wearing two layers of protective clothing, and avoiding sharing
equipment between clients?
Contact precautions
Airborne precautions
Standard precautions
Droplet precautions. Answer: Contact precautions
Contact precautions means placing the client in an isolation room with
limited access, wearing gloves during contact with the client and all
body fluids, wearing two layers of protective clothing, limiting
movement of the client from the room, and avoiding sharing equipment
between clients. Standard precautions are used with every client. They
involve good handwashing and the use of gloves for client contact.
Airborne precautions are used for diseases where small particles are
dispersed in the air. They require the client in a negative pressure room
and, in addition to standard personal protective equipment, the mask
should be N95 or higher. Varicella would need airborne precautions.
Droplet precautions are used for diseases such as pertusis which produce
large droplets. They require standard precautions plus a surgical mask,
preferably with a face shield.
