INTRODUCTION TO CRYPTOGRAPHY - D334 SHAWN
C839V5/D334 ALL-IN-ONE STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
|ALREADY GRADED A+||BRAND NEW
Changing plaintext into ciphertext
(Should be applied in at rest and in transit) Ans✓✓✓ Encryption
Changing ciphertext to plaintext Ans✓✓✓ Decryption
Encrypt individual files and full disks with options such as BitLocker
and FileVault Ans✓✓✓ Aescrypt
Mapping from our alphabet to a number of cipher alphabets.
Added complexity in early cryptosystems. Ans✓✓✓ Polyalphabetic
Single mapping from our alphabet to a cipher alphabet is created.
Many early cryptosystems. Ans✓✓✓ Mono-Alphabetic
Considered un-breakable since it only uses its cipher code once.
Ans✓✓✓ One-Time Pad
Method repeats the random numbers after a given time. (periodic)
They are fast and deterministic.
,Useful in producing repeatable set of random numbers. Ans✓✓✓
Pseudo-Random Number Generators (PRNGs)
Method generates a true random number and uses some form of random
process. One approach is to monitor the movements of a mouse pointer
on a screen or from the pauses between keystrokes. Overall, the method
is generally slow, especially if it involves human interaction, but is non-
deterministic and aperiodic. Ans✓✓✓ True Random Number Generators
(TRNGs)
Cipher cracking methodology that involves identifying patterns and
variations in the probability of codes.
i.e. a three-letter ciphered text combination spotted at the beginning of a
string too often could tip us off that those three letters correlate the
letters THE in the English alphabet. Ans✓✓✓ Frequency Analysis
measures level of unpredictability Ans✓✓✓ Entropy
Two common binary to characters encoding methods Ans✓✓✓ ASCII
(8bit value, up to 256 characters)
UTF-16 (16bit values, up to 65,536 characters)
8 bit value, up to 256 characters Ans✓✓✓ ASCII
, 16 bit value, up to 65,536 characters Ans✓✓✓ UTF-16
Tamper-evident and intrusion-resistant physical device that safeguards
and manages cryptographic keys and provides cryptographic processing.
Ans✓✓✓ Hardware Security Module (HSM)
Which encryption is more efficient? Ans✓✓✓ Hardware
Dedicated processor that handles hardware-level encryption; allows the
use of full disk encryption on a hard drive in a manner that minimizes
the impact on system performance.
Contains the encryption keys. Ans✓✓✓ Trusted platform module
(TPM)
value which only has factors of 1 and itself Ans✓✓✓ Prime Number
Determine the likelihood of an event happening, typically by
understanding the chances of how each of the elements involved in an
event interact, and the likelihood of them happening. >> Dependent,
Independent, and mutually exclusive Ans✓✓✓ Probability
Mono- alphabetic substitution cipher that makes use of mapping
plaintext characters to graphical characters rather than to alphabetic
ones. i.e. A=(pick a symbol), vs A=(pick a letter). Disadvantage: once
C839V5/D334 ALL-IN-ONE STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
|ALREADY GRADED A+||BRAND NEW
Changing plaintext into ciphertext
(Should be applied in at rest and in transit) Ans✓✓✓ Encryption
Changing ciphertext to plaintext Ans✓✓✓ Decryption
Encrypt individual files and full disks with options such as BitLocker
and FileVault Ans✓✓✓ Aescrypt
Mapping from our alphabet to a number of cipher alphabets.
Added complexity in early cryptosystems. Ans✓✓✓ Polyalphabetic
Single mapping from our alphabet to a cipher alphabet is created.
Many early cryptosystems. Ans✓✓✓ Mono-Alphabetic
Considered un-breakable since it only uses its cipher code once.
Ans✓✓✓ One-Time Pad
Method repeats the random numbers after a given time. (periodic)
They are fast and deterministic.
,Useful in producing repeatable set of random numbers. Ans✓✓✓
Pseudo-Random Number Generators (PRNGs)
Method generates a true random number and uses some form of random
process. One approach is to monitor the movements of a mouse pointer
on a screen or from the pauses between keystrokes. Overall, the method
is generally slow, especially if it involves human interaction, but is non-
deterministic and aperiodic. Ans✓✓✓ True Random Number Generators
(TRNGs)
Cipher cracking methodology that involves identifying patterns and
variations in the probability of codes.
i.e. a three-letter ciphered text combination spotted at the beginning of a
string too often could tip us off that those three letters correlate the
letters THE in the English alphabet. Ans✓✓✓ Frequency Analysis
measures level of unpredictability Ans✓✓✓ Entropy
Two common binary to characters encoding methods Ans✓✓✓ ASCII
(8bit value, up to 256 characters)
UTF-16 (16bit values, up to 65,536 characters)
8 bit value, up to 256 characters Ans✓✓✓ ASCII
, 16 bit value, up to 65,536 characters Ans✓✓✓ UTF-16
Tamper-evident and intrusion-resistant physical device that safeguards
and manages cryptographic keys and provides cryptographic processing.
Ans✓✓✓ Hardware Security Module (HSM)
Which encryption is more efficient? Ans✓✓✓ Hardware
Dedicated processor that handles hardware-level encryption; allows the
use of full disk encryption on a hard drive in a manner that minimizes
the impact on system performance.
Contains the encryption keys. Ans✓✓✓ Trusted platform module
(TPM)
value which only has factors of 1 and itself Ans✓✓✓ Prime Number
Determine the likelihood of an event happening, typically by
understanding the chances of how each of the elements involved in an
event interact, and the likelihood of them happening. >> Dependent,
Independent, and mutually exclusive Ans✓✓✓ Probability
Mono- alphabetic substitution cipher that makes use of mapping
plaintext characters to graphical characters rather than to alphabetic
ones. i.e. A=(pick a symbol), vs A=(pick a letter). Disadvantage: once
