ILTS Science 239-Biology Content
Exam Vocab Questions
Quantitative observation - CORRECT ANSWERS
✔✔objective, involves #s & measurements, can be made
w/ instruments, results are based on statistics/numerical
analyses, & used mostly in scientific research
Qualitative observation - CORRECT ANSWERS
✔✔subjective, ex: human behavior, uses senses (sight,
hearing, smell, touch, taste), & used in social sciences
Hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔sensible
prediction/educated guess that answers the question
introduced in the problem
Independent variable - CORRECT ANSWERS
✔✔manipulated/varied during experiment
Dependent variable - CORRECT ANSWERS
✔✔influenced by independent variable/being measured
Experimental controls - CORRECT ANSWERS
✔✔factors that remain unchanged or are held constant,
not being tested, used for comparison
,ILTS Science 239-Biology Content
Exam Vocab Questions
Scientific theories - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔broad,
summarize several related hypotheses that have been
supported by repeated tests as shown in accumulated
data
Scientific laws - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔based on
observations from repeated experiments, concise
statements that describe some phenomenon/relationship
in the world
Natural selection - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔means by
which adaptations would arise over time, mechanism of
evolution
Accuracy - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔exactness of
measurement, expresses how close a measurement is to
the actual or true value
Precision - CORRECT ANSWERS
✔✔repeatability/consistency of a measurement,
expresses how close measurements are to one another
Significant figures - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔indicate
precision of a measured value, all measurements are
approximations and have uncertainty
, ILTS Science 239-Biology Content
Exam Vocab Questions
Scientific notations - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔way to
write #s that are extremely large or small, way to
correctly convey correct # of significant figures in
measurements/calculations
Dimensional analysis - CORRECT ANSWERS
✔✔conversion unit factors are used the obtain the
needed unit
Linear scale - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔when moving
from one data point to the next, the change in output is
based on the difference between two values or addition
Logarithmic scale - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔value of
logarithm of a quantity is used instead of the quantity
itself; cover broader range of values than for linear scales
Pie charts, line graphs, bar graphs, & scatter plots -
CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔pie chart: comparing parts to
the whole
line graph: showing small or large changes over time
bar graphs: compare groups/track large changes over
time
Exam Vocab Questions
Quantitative observation - CORRECT ANSWERS
✔✔objective, involves #s & measurements, can be made
w/ instruments, results are based on statistics/numerical
analyses, & used mostly in scientific research
Qualitative observation - CORRECT ANSWERS
✔✔subjective, ex: human behavior, uses senses (sight,
hearing, smell, touch, taste), & used in social sciences
Hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔sensible
prediction/educated guess that answers the question
introduced in the problem
Independent variable - CORRECT ANSWERS
✔✔manipulated/varied during experiment
Dependent variable - CORRECT ANSWERS
✔✔influenced by independent variable/being measured
Experimental controls - CORRECT ANSWERS
✔✔factors that remain unchanged or are held constant,
not being tested, used for comparison
,ILTS Science 239-Biology Content
Exam Vocab Questions
Scientific theories - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔broad,
summarize several related hypotheses that have been
supported by repeated tests as shown in accumulated
data
Scientific laws - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔based on
observations from repeated experiments, concise
statements that describe some phenomenon/relationship
in the world
Natural selection - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔means by
which adaptations would arise over time, mechanism of
evolution
Accuracy - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔exactness of
measurement, expresses how close a measurement is to
the actual or true value
Precision - CORRECT ANSWERS
✔✔repeatability/consistency of a measurement,
expresses how close measurements are to one another
Significant figures - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔indicate
precision of a measured value, all measurements are
approximations and have uncertainty
, ILTS Science 239-Biology Content
Exam Vocab Questions
Scientific notations - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔way to
write #s that are extremely large or small, way to
correctly convey correct # of significant figures in
measurements/calculations
Dimensional analysis - CORRECT ANSWERS
✔✔conversion unit factors are used the obtain the
needed unit
Linear scale - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔when moving
from one data point to the next, the change in output is
based on the difference between two values or addition
Logarithmic scale - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔value of
logarithm of a quantity is used instead of the quantity
itself; cover broader range of values than for linear scales
Pie charts, line graphs, bar graphs, & scatter plots -
CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔pie chart: comparing parts to
the whole
line graph: showing small or large changes over time
bar graphs: compare groups/track large changes over
time
