Acids, bases & salts
keywords Acid- > a soluble substance in water that produces hydrogen ions
nutilization Reactions: Acid + metal - salt + hydrogen gas
titrate Acid + metal carbonate >
- salt-water + carbon dioxide
double displacement Acid + base >
- salt-water Acidic oxides formed
are
-
by non-metals
insoluble base Acid + Alkali - salt-water
soluble base Acid Ammonia Ammonium salt
+ >
-
only
salts
cations Acids have H 0-2
strong acids
- basic oxides are formed by
Anions Examples : metals
weak acids
H c >
-
hydrochloric acid
PH Scale H > Sulfuric acid
Son -
,
HNOz- > Nitric acid
Indicators
acid
HzPOn- > Phosphoric
CH300H-ethanoic acid
Bases - They're insoluble substances which neutralizes acids to form water & salts
only
Reactions: Base + Acid- > salt-water
Base + Ammonium salt - Salt + Ammonia gas + water
Sodium hydroxide pH in (strongl
Potassium hydroxide PH 14 (strong)
Aqueous Ammonia pH 8-10 (weak)
Indicators
Indicator color in acid solution color in neutral solution color in Alkaline solution
- litmus solution
Acid is red Phenolphthalein colorless colorless pink
base is blue
thymolphthalein colorless colorless blue
Methyl orange Red
orange Yellow
Acidic
universal indicator
basic
& >
red violet/purple
stronacia range, enow gen bleko
& 7
b ii is
strong base
of the most accurate the pH of
-
DH Scale/meter is one ways to measure a solution
- dip the solution in different chemicals then compare it against color chart
keywords Acid- > a soluble substance in water that produces hydrogen ions
nutilization Reactions: Acid + metal - salt + hydrogen gas
titrate Acid + metal carbonate >
- salt-water + carbon dioxide
double displacement Acid + base >
- salt-water Acidic oxides formed
are
-
by non-metals
insoluble base Acid + Alkali - salt-water
soluble base Acid Ammonia Ammonium salt
+ >
-
only
salts
cations Acids have H 0-2
strong acids
- basic oxides are formed by
Anions Examples : metals
weak acids
H c >
-
hydrochloric acid
PH Scale H > Sulfuric acid
Son -
,
HNOz- > Nitric acid
Indicators
acid
HzPOn- > Phosphoric
CH300H-ethanoic acid
Bases - They're insoluble substances which neutralizes acids to form water & salts
only
Reactions: Base + Acid- > salt-water
Base + Ammonium salt - Salt + Ammonia gas + water
Sodium hydroxide pH in (strongl
Potassium hydroxide PH 14 (strong)
Aqueous Ammonia pH 8-10 (weak)
Indicators
Indicator color in acid solution color in neutral solution color in Alkaline solution
- litmus solution
Acid is red Phenolphthalein colorless colorless pink
base is blue
thymolphthalein colorless colorless blue
Methyl orange Red
orange Yellow
Acidic
universal indicator
basic
& >
red violet/purple
stronacia range, enow gen bleko
& 7
b ii is
strong base
of the most accurate the pH of
-
DH Scale/meter is one ways to measure a solution
- dip the solution in different chemicals then compare it against color chart
