Neurological and
Physiological Disorders
2026, Exams of Nursing
Guaranteed A+ Certified Pass
The two parts of the nervous system are the:
a. Motor and sensory.
b. Central and peripheral.
c. Peripheral and autonomic.
d. Hypothalamus and cerebral. - ANSWERS-b. Central and peripheral.
The nervous system can be divided into two partscentral and peripheral. The
central nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord. The peripheral nervous
system includes the 12 pairs of cranial nerves (CNs), the 31 pairs of spinal nerves,
and all of their branches.
The wife of a 65-year-old man tells the nurse that she is concerned because she
has noticed a change in her husbands personality and ability to understand. He
,also cries very easily and becomes angry. The nurse recalls that the cerebral lobe
responsible for these behaviors is the __________ lobe.
a. Frontal
b. Parietal
c. Occipital
d. Temporal - ANSWERS-a. Frontal
The frontal lobe has areas responsible for personality, behavior, emotions, and
intellectual function. The parietal lobe has areas responsible for sensation; the
occipital lobe is responsible for visual reception; and the temporal lobe is
responsible for hearing, taste, and smell.
Which statement concerning the areas of the brain is true?
a. The cerebellum is the center for speech and emotions.
b. The hypothalamus controls body temperature and regulates sleep.
c. The basal ganglia are responsible for controlling voluntary movements.
,d. Motor pathways of the spinal cord and brainstem synapse in the thalamus. -
ANSWERS-b. The hypothalamus controls body temperature and regulates sleep.
The hypothalamus is a vital area with many important functions: body
temperature controller, sleep center, anterior and posterior pituitary gland
regulator, and coordinator of autonomic nervous system activity and emotional
status. The cerebellum controls motor coordination, equilibrium, and balance. The
basal ganglia control autonomic movements of the body. The motor pathways of
the spinal cord synapse in various areas of the spinal cord, not in the thalamus.
The area of the nervous system that is responsible for mediating reflexes is the:
a. Medulla.
b. Cerebellum.
c. Spinal cord.
d. Cerebral cortex. - ANSWERS-c. Spinal cord.
The spinal cord is the main highway for ascending and descending fiber tracts that
connect the brain to the spinal nerves; it is responsible for mediating reflexes.
While gathering equipment after an injection, a nurse accidentally received a prick
from an improperly capped needle. To interpret this sensation, which of these
areas must be intact?
, a. Corticospinal tract, medulla, and basal ganglia
b. Pyramidal tract, hypothalamus, and sensory cortex
c. Lateral spinothalamic tract, thalamus, and sensory cortex
d. Anterior spinothalamic tract, basal ganglia, and sensory cortex - ANSWERS-c.
Lateral spinothalamic tract, thalamus, and sensory cortex
The spinothalamic tract contains sensory fibers that transmit the sensations of
pain, temperature, and crude or light touch. Fibers carrying pain and temperature
sensations ascend the lateral spinothalamic tract, whereas the sensations of crude
touch form the anterior spinothalamic tract. At the thalamus, the fibers synapse
with another sensory neuron, which carries the message to the sensory cortex for
full interpretation. The other options are not correct.
A patient with a lack of oxygen to his heart will have pain in his chest and possibly
in the shoulder, arms, or jaw. The nurse knows that the best explanation why this
occurs is which one of these statements?
a. A problem exists with the sensory cortex and its ability to discriminate the
location.
Physiological Disorders
2026, Exams of Nursing
Guaranteed A+ Certified Pass
The two parts of the nervous system are the:
a. Motor and sensory.
b. Central and peripheral.
c. Peripheral and autonomic.
d. Hypothalamus and cerebral. - ANSWERS-b. Central and peripheral.
The nervous system can be divided into two partscentral and peripheral. The
central nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord. The peripheral nervous
system includes the 12 pairs of cranial nerves (CNs), the 31 pairs of spinal nerves,
and all of their branches.
The wife of a 65-year-old man tells the nurse that she is concerned because she
has noticed a change in her husbands personality and ability to understand. He
,also cries very easily and becomes angry. The nurse recalls that the cerebral lobe
responsible for these behaviors is the __________ lobe.
a. Frontal
b. Parietal
c. Occipital
d. Temporal - ANSWERS-a. Frontal
The frontal lobe has areas responsible for personality, behavior, emotions, and
intellectual function. The parietal lobe has areas responsible for sensation; the
occipital lobe is responsible for visual reception; and the temporal lobe is
responsible for hearing, taste, and smell.
Which statement concerning the areas of the brain is true?
a. The cerebellum is the center for speech and emotions.
b. The hypothalamus controls body temperature and regulates sleep.
c. The basal ganglia are responsible for controlling voluntary movements.
,d. Motor pathways of the spinal cord and brainstem synapse in the thalamus. -
ANSWERS-b. The hypothalamus controls body temperature and regulates sleep.
The hypothalamus is a vital area with many important functions: body
temperature controller, sleep center, anterior and posterior pituitary gland
regulator, and coordinator of autonomic nervous system activity and emotional
status. The cerebellum controls motor coordination, equilibrium, and balance. The
basal ganglia control autonomic movements of the body. The motor pathways of
the spinal cord synapse in various areas of the spinal cord, not in the thalamus.
The area of the nervous system that is responsible for mediating reflexes is the:
a. Medulla.
b. Cerebellum.
c. Spinal cord.
d. Cerebral cortex. - ANSWERS-c. Spinal cord.
The spinal cord is the main highway for ascending and descending fiber tracts that
connect the brain to the spinal nerves; it is responsible for mediating reflexes.
While gathering equipment after an injection, a nurse accidentally received a prick
from an improperly capped needle. To interpret this sensation, which of these
areas must be intact?
, a. Corticospinal tract, medulla, and basal ganglia
b. Pyramidal tract, hypothalamus, and sensory cortex
c. Lateral spinothalamic tract, thalamus, and sensory cortex
d. Anterior spinothalamic tract, basal ganglia, and sensory cortex - ANSWERS-c.
Lateral spinothalamic tract, thalamus, and sensory cortex
The spinothalamic tract contains sensory fibers that transmit the sensations of
pain, temperature, and crude or light touch. Fibers carrying pain and temperature
sensations ascend the lateral spinothalamic tract, whereas the sensations of crude
touch form the anterior spinothalamic tract. At the thalamus, the fibers synapse
with another sensory neuron, which carries the message to the sensory cortex for
full interpretation. The other options are not correct.
A patient with a lack of oxygen to his heart will have pain in his chest and possibly
in the shoulder, arms, or jaw. The nurse knows that the best explanation why this
occurs is which one of these statements?
a. A problem exists with the sensory cortex and its ability to discriminate the
location.
