PathophysiologycbFinalcbExam
Whatcbiscballergiccbasthmacbassociatedcbwith?cb-cbcorrectcbanswer✔ ✔
Typecb1cbHypersensitivity;cbIgEcbmediated
WhatcbarecbthecbS&ScbofcbARDS?cb-cbcorrectcbanswer✔ ✔
SOB,cbShallowcbRapidcbBreathing,cbAtelectasiscb(aveolicbclose),cbDyspnea
,cbInspiratorycbCrackles,cbRespiratorycbAlkalosis,cbDecreasedcbLungcbCompli
ance,cbHypoxemia
WhatcbarecbthecbS&Scbofcbtensioncbpneumothorax?cb-cbcorrectcbanswer✔ ✔
Pressurecbthatcbbuildscbupcbandcbpushescbthecbtracheacbtowardscbthecbunaffect
edcbside;cbAbsentcbbreathcbsoundscbovercbaffectedcblung
Whatcbiscbcysticcbfibrosis?cb-cbcorrectcbanswer✔ ✔
Excessivecbmucouscbcoatingcbincbthecblungscbandcbpancreas;cbGeneticcbDiso
rdercb(AutosomalcbRecessive)
Changescbwithcbancbasthmacbattack:cb-cbcorrectcbanswer✔ ✔
Wheezing,cbSOB,cbBronchoconstriction,cbDyspnea,cbTachypneacb(rapidcbb
reathing)
HowcbdocbyoucbinterpretcbABG's?cb-cbcorrectcbanswer✔ ✔
1.cbLookcbatcbpHcb(acidosiscb-cblowcborcbalkalosiscb-cbhigh)
,2.cbCheckcbthecbCO2cb(resp.cbindicator)cb-
cblesscbthancb35cb(alkalosis)cbmorecbthancb45cb(acidosis)
3.cbCheckcbthecbHCO3cb(metaboliccbindicator)cb-
cblesscbthancb22cb(acidosis)cbmorecbthancb26cb(alkalosis)
4.cbDeterminecbprimarycbdisordercb(matchescbthecbpH)
5.cbDeterminecbifcbitscbcompensatedcb(pHcbreturnscbtocbnormalcborcbnearcbnorm
al)
RespiratorycbAcidosis:cbWhatcbhappenscbtocbthecbpH/CO2?cb-
cbcorrectcbanswer✔ ✔ Elevationcb(increase)cbofcbpCO2cb--
cbDecreasedcbpHcb(acidosis)
RespiratorycbAlkalosis:cbWhatcbhappenscbtocbthecbpH/CO2?cb-
cbcorrectcbanswer✔ ✔ Depressioncb(decrease)cbofcbpCO2cb--
cbIncreasedcbpHcb(alkalosis)
MetaboliccbAcidosis:cbWhatcbhappenscbtocbthecbpH/HCO3?cb-
cbcorrectcbanswer✔ ✔ Depressioncb(decrease)cbofcbHCO3cb--
cbDecreasedcbpHcb(acidosis)
MetaboliccbAlkalosis:cbWhatcbhappenscbtocbthecbpH/HCO3?cb-
cbcorrectcbanswer✔ ✔ Elevationcb(increase)cbofcbHCO3cb--
cbIncreasedcbpHcb(alkalosis)
, Whatcbarecbsignscbofcbrenalcbcancer?cb-cbcorrectcbanswer✔ ✔
Nocbpain!cbHematuriacb(BloodcbincbthecbUrine)
Howcbdocbyoucbmanagecbendcbstagecbrenalcbdisease?cb-cbcorrectcbanswer✔ ✔
Dialysis,cbFluidcbRestriction,cbLowcbProteincbDiet,cbDecreasecbMedicationc
bDoses,cbAnti-
hypertensive,cbGivecbCacbSupplements,cbGivecbErythropoietincbShot,cbGivecb
IroncbSupplements/BloodcbTransfusioncb(anemic)
Whatcbdocbyoucbcallcbkidneycbpain?cb-cbcorrectcbanswer✔ ✔ Nephralgia
Whatcbiscbthecbmostcbhelpfulcbtestcbtocbdeterminecbrenalcbfunction?cb-
cbcorrectcbanswer✔ ✔ Creatinine
Whatcbbacteriacbiscbassociatedcbwithcbacutecbpyelonephritis?cb-
cbcorrectcbanswer✔ ✔ E.cbcoli
Whatcbiscbthecbtreatmentcbforcbpre-renalcbkidneycbfailure?cb-cbcorrectcbanswer
✔ ✔ Hypovolemiacb-cbGivecbFluids
Whatcbcausescbacutecbintrarenalcbfailure?cb-cbcorrectcbanswer✔ ✔
KidneycbStonescb(renalcbcalculi),cbRenalcbIschemia
Whatcbiscballergiccbasthmacbassociatedcbwith?cb-cbcorrectcbanswer✔ ✔
Typecb1cbHypersensitivity;cbIgEcbmediated
WhatcbarecbthecbS&ScbofcbARDS?cb-cbcorrectcbanswer✔ ✔
SOB,cbShallowcbRapidcbBreathing,cbAtelectasiscb(aveolicbclose),cbDyspnea
,cbInspiratorycbCrackles,cbRespiratorycbAlkalosis,cbDecreasedcbLungcbCompli
ance,cbHypoxemia
WhatcbarecbthecbS&Scbofcbtensioncbpneumothorax?cb-cbcorrectcbanswer✔ ✔
Pressurecbthatcbbuildscbupcbandcbpushescbthecbtracheacbtowardscbthecbunaffect
edcbside;cbAbsentcbbreathcbsoundscbovercbaffectedcblung
Whatcbiscbcysticcbfibrosis?cb-cbcorrectcbanswer✔ ✔
Excessivecbmucouscbcoatingcbincbthecblungscbandcbpancreas;cbGeneticcbDiso
rdercb(AutosomalcbRecessive)
Changescbwithcbancbasthmacbattack:cb-cbcorrectcbanswer✔ ✔
Wheezing,cbSOB,cbBronchoconstriction,cbDyspnea,cbTachypneacb(rapidcbb
reathing)
HowcbdocbyoucbinterpretcbABG's?cb-cbcorrectcbanswer✔ ✔
1.cbLookcbatcbpHcb(acidosiscb-cblowcborcbalkalosiscb-cbhigh)
,2.cbCheckcbthecbCO2cb(resp.cbindicator)cb-
cblesscbthancb35cb(alkalosis)cbmorecbthancb45cb(acidosis)
3.cbCheckcbthecbHCO3cb(metaboliccbindicator)cb-
cblesscbthancb22cb(acidosis)cbmorecbthancb26cb(alkalosis)
4.cbDeterminecbprimarycbdisordercb(matchescbthecbpH)
5.cbDeterminecbifcbitscbcompensatedcb(pHcbreturnscbtocbnormalcborcbnearcbnorm
al)
RespiratorycbAcidosis:cbWhatcbhappenscbtocbthecbpH/CO2?cb-
cbcorrectcbanswer✔ ✔ Elevationcb(increase)cbofcbpCO2cb--
cbDecreasedcbpHcb(acidosis)
RespiratorycbAlkalosis:cbWhatcbhappenscbtocbthecbpH/CO2?cb-
cbcorrectcbanswer✔ ✔ Depressioncb(decrease)cbofcbpCO2cb--
cbIncreasedcbpHcb(alkalosis)
MetaboliccbAcidosis:cbWhatcbhappenscbtocbthecbpH/HCO3?cb-
cbcorrectcbanswer✔ ✔ Depressioncb(decrease)cbofcbHCO3cb--
cbDecreasedcbpHcb(acidosis)
MetaboliccbAlkalosis:cbWhatcbhappenscbtocbthecbpH/HCO3?cb-
cbcorrectcbanswer✔ ✔ Elevationcb(increase)cbofcbHCO3cb--
cbIncreasedcbpHcb(alkalosis)
, Whatcbarecbsignscbofcbrenalcbcancer?cb-cbcorrectcbanswer✔ ✔
Nocbpain!cbHematuriacb(BloodcbincbthecbUrine)
Howcbdocbyoucbmanagecbendcbstagecbrenalcbdisease?cb-cbcorrectcbanswer✔ ✔
Dialysis,cbFluidcbRestriction,cbLowcbProteincbDiet,cbDecreasecbMedicationc
bDoses,cbAnti-
hypertensive,cbGivecbCacbSupplements,cbGivecbErythropoietincbShot,cbGivecb
IroncbSupplements/BloodcbTransfusioncb(anemic)
Whatcbdocbyoucbcallcbkidneycbpain?cb-cbcorrectcbanswer✔ ✔ Nephralgia
Whatcbiscbthecbmostcbhelpfulcbtestcbtocbdeterminecbrenalcbfunction?cb-
cbcorrectcbanswer✔ ✔ Creatinine
Whatcbbacteriacbiscbassociatedcbwithcbacutecbpyelonephritis?cb-
cbcorrectcbanswer✔ ✔ E.cbcoli
Whatcbiscbthecbtreatmentcbforcbpre-renalcbkidneycbfailure?cb-cbcorrectcbanswer
✔ ✔ Hypovolemiacb-cbGivecbFluids
Whatcbcausescbacutecbintrarenalcbfailure?cb-cbcorrectcbanswer✔ ✔
KidneycbStonescb(renalcbcalculi),cbRenalcbIschemia
