NU551 FINAL REVIEW | QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | 2026 UPDATE | RATED 100%
CORRECT.
Histone Function - (ANSWER)Organize and package DNA into nucleosomes in chromatin.
Common misconception about histones - (ANSWER)Histones are involved in cell movement or division.
DNA compaction - (ANSWER)Essential for mitosis, but histones do not drive the division process.
Mediator triggering fever after bacterial infection - (ANSWER)Interleukin-1.
Interleukin-1 action - (ANSWER)Acts on the hypothalamus to raise the body's temperature set point.
Purulent Exudate - (ANSWER)Rich in neutrophils and dead cells, indicates bacterial infection.
Serous Exudate - (ANSWER)Watery, low protein content, example: fluid in blisters.
Fibrous Exudate - (ANSWER)Contains large amounts of fibrinogen, seen in severe inflammation, often in
body cavities.
Hemorrhagic Exudate - (ANSWER)Contains red blood cells, indicates bleeding, seen in severe tissue
injury.
Reticular Activating System - (ANSWER)Network in the brainstem regulating wakefulness and
consciousness.
Damage to Reticular Activating System - (ANSWER)Can result in coma.
Astrocytes - (ANSWER)Glial cells supporting the blood-brain barrier.
Astrocytes function - (ANSWER)Provide nutrients and maintain extracellular ion balance in the CNS.
, NU551 FINAL REVIEW | QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | 2026 UPDATE | RATED 100%
CORRECT.
Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials (EPSPs) - (ANSWER)Depolarizing signals bringing membrane potential
closer to threshold.
EPSPs effect - (ANSWER)Increase likelihood of action potential generation.
Neurons Regeneration - (ANSWER)Peripheral neurons (PNS) can regenerate if the myelin sheath remains
intact.
Water-Soluble Hormone - (ANSWER)Epinephrine acts quickly through surface receptors.
Insulin Function - (ANSWER)Promotes glucose uptake in muscle cells.
Hormone Receptors - (ANSWER)Water-soluble hormones bind to membrane receptors, use second
messengers.
Lipid-Soluble Hormones - (ANSWER)Bind to intracellular receptors, directly alter gene transcription.
Apoptosis - (ANSWER)Programmed cell death, clean and controlled, no inflammation.
Necrosis - (ANSWER)Uncontrolled cell death from injury, involves swelling, membrane rupture,
inflammation.
ATP Production - (ANSWER)Occurs via oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria, requires oxygen.
Anaerobic Glycolysis - (ANSWER)Occurs in the cytoplasm, does not require oxygen.
Blood Flow from Right Ventricle - (ANSWER)Flows through the pulmonic semilunar valve into the
pulmonary artery.
CORRECT.
Histone Function - (ANSWER)Organize and package DNA into nucleosomes in chromatin.
Common misconception about histones - (ANSWER)Histones are involved in cell movement or division.
DNA compaction - (ANSWER)Essential for mitosis, but histones do not drive the division process.
Mediator triggering fever after bacterial infection - (ANSWER)Interleukin-1.
Interleukin-1 action - (ANSWER)Acts on the hypothalamus to raise the body's temperature set point.
Purulent Exudate - (ANSWER)Rich in neutrophils and dead cells, indicates bacterial infection.
Serous Exudate - (ANSWER)Watery, low protein content, example: fluid in blisters.
Fibrous Exudate - (ANSWER)Contains large amounts of fibrinogen, seen in severe inflammation, often in
body cavities.
Hemorrhagic Exudate - (ANSWER)Contains red blood cells, indicates bleeding, seen in severe tissue
injury.
Reticular Activating System - (ANSWER)Network in the brainstem regulating wakefulness and
consciousness.
Damage to Reticular Activating System - (ANSWER)Can result in coma.
Astrocytes - (ANSWER)Glial cells supporting the blood-brain barrier.
Astrocytes function - (ANSWER)Provide nutrients and maintain extracellular ion balance in the CNS.
, NU551 FINAL REVIEW | QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | 2026 UPDATE | RATED 100%
CORRECT.
Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials (EPSPs) - (ANSWER)Depolarizing signals bringing membrane potential
closer to threshold.
EPSPs effect - (ANSWER)Increase likelihood of action potential generation.
Neurons Regeneration - (ANSWER)Peripheral neurons (PNS) can regenerate if the myelin sheath remains
intact.
Water-Soluble Hormone - (ANSWER)Epinephrine acts quickly through surface receptors.
Insulin Function - (ANSWER)Promotes glucose uptake in muscle cells.
Hormone Receptors - (ANSWER)Water-soluble hormones bind to membrane receptors, use second
messengers.
Lipid-Soluble Hormones - (ANSWER)Bind to intracellular receptors, directly alter gene transcription.
Apoptosis - (ANSWER)Programmed cell death, clean and controlled, no inflammation.
Necrosis - (ANSWER)Uncontrolled cell death from injury, involves swelling, membrane rupture,
inflammation.
ATP Production - (ANSWER)Occurs via oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria, requires oxygen.
Anaerobic Glycolysis - (ANSWER)Occurs in the cytoplasm, does not require oxygen.
Blood Flow from Right Ventricle - (ANSWER)Flows through the pulmonic semilunar valve into the
pulmonary artery.
