Week 3: Introduction to Medical Surgical Nursing Quiz Introduction to
Medical Surgical Nursing | Questions & Answers | Grade A | 100%
Correct - WCU
1. Which stage of the inflammatory response involves the release of histamine
and kinins?
A. Vascular and fluid stage
B. Tissue repair stage
C. Cellular exudate stage
D. Phagocytosis stage
Answer: A
Rationale: The vascular and fluid stage is the first stage where chemical mediators like
histamine cause vasodilation and increased permeability.
2. Which type of wound healing occurs when the edges are not approximated
and the wound fills with granulation tissue?
A. Primary intention
B. Tertiary intention
C. Secondary intention
D. Delayed primary closure
Answer: C
Rationale: Secondary intention occurs in wounds with tissue loss where edges cannot be
brought together, leading to healing from the bottom up.
,3. A patient exhibits a positive Chvostek’s sign. Which electrolyte imbalance
should the nurse suspect?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypocalcemia
C. Hyponatremia
D. Hypomagnesemia
Answer: B
Rationale: A positive Chvostek’s sign (facial twitching) is a classic sign of hypocalcemia or
hypomagnesemia due to increased neuromuscular excitability.
4. Which of the following is the primary intracellular cation?
A. Sodium
B. Calcium
C. Potassium
D. Magnesium
Answer: C
Rationale: Potassium is the most abundant cation found inside the cells (intracellular
fluid).
5. What is the nurse’s primary role regarding informed consent before surgery?
A. Explaining the risks and benefits of the procedure
B. Obtaining the signature from the next of kin
C. Witnessing the patient’s signature on the form
D. Deciding if the patient needs the surgery
Answer: C
Rationale: The surgeon is responsible for explaining the procedure; the nurse acts as a
witness to the patient’s signature and ensures the patient is competent.
, 6. A patient has a pH of 7.30, PaCO2 of 52 mmHg, and HCO3 of 24 mEq/L. This
indicates:
A. Respiratory Alkalosis
B. Respiratory Acidosis
C. Metabolic Acidosis
D. Metabolic Alkalosis
Answer: B
Rationale: A pH below 7.35 is acidic, and a high PaCO2 (over 45) indicates the cause is
respiratory.
7. Which intravenous fluid is considered isotonic?
A. 0.45% Sodium Chloride
B. 3% Sodium Chloride
C. 10% Dextrose in Water
D. 0.9% Sodium Chloride
Answer: D
Rationale: 0.9% Sodium Chloride (Normal Saline) has the same osmolarity as plasma,
making it isotonic.
8. Which assessment finding is most characteristic of hypovolemia?
A. Distended neck veins
B. Bounding pulse
C. Increased blood pressure
D. Orthostatic hypotension
Answer: D
Rationale: Hypovolemia (fluid volume deficit) results in decreased blood pressure and
often orthostatic changes.
Medical Surgical Nursing | Questions & Answers | Grade A | 100%
Correct - WCU
1. Which stage of the inflammatory response involves the release of histamine
and kinins?
A. Vascular and fluid stage
B. Tissue repair stage
C. Cellular exudate stage
D. Phagocytosis stage
Answer: A
Rationale: The vascular and fluid stage is the first stage where chemical mediators like
histamine cause vasodilation and increased permeability.
2. Which type of wound healing occurs when the edges are not approximated
and the wound fills with granulation tissue?
A. Primary intention
B. Tertiary intention
C. Secondary intention
D. Delayed primary closure
Answer: C
Rationale: Secondary intention occurs in wounds with tissue loss where edges cannot be
brought together, leading to healing from the bottom up.
,3. A patient exhibits a positive Chvostek’s sign. Which electrolyte imbalance
should the nurse suspect?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypocalcemia
C. Hyponatremia
D. Hypomagnesemia
Answer: B
Rationale: A positive Chvostek’s sign (facial twitching) is a classic sign of hypocalcemia or
hypomagnesemia due to increased neuromuscular excitability.
4. Which of the following is the primary intracellular cation?
A. Sodium
B. Calcium
C. Potassium
D. Magnesium
Answer: C
Rationale: Potassium is the most abundant cation found inside the cells (intracellular
fluid).
5. What is the nurse’s primary role regarding informed consent before surgery?
A. Explaining the risks and benefits of the procedure
B. Obtaining the signature from the next of kin
C. Witnessing the patient’s signature on the form
D. Deciding if the patient needs the surgery
Answer: C
Rationale: The surgeon is responsible for explaining the procedure; the nurse acts as a
witness to the patient’s signature and ensures the patient is competent.
, 6. A patient has a pH of 7.30, PaCO2 of 52 mmHg, and HCO3 of 24 mEq/L. This
indicates:
A. Respiratory Alkalosis
B. Respiratory Acidosis
C. Metabolic Acidosis
D. Metabolic Alkalosis
Answer: B
Rationale: A pH below 7.35 is acidic, and a high PaCO2 (over 45) indicates the cause is
respiratory.
7. Which intravenous fluid is considered isotonic?
A. 0.45% Sodium Chloride
B. 3% Sodium Chloride
C. 10% Dextrose in Water
D. 0.9% Sodium Chloride
Answer: D
Rationale: 0.9% Sodium Chloride (Normal Saline) has the same osmolarity as plasma,
making it isotonic.
8. Which assessment finding is most characteristic of hypovolemia?
A. Distended neck veins
B. Bounding pulse
C. Increased blood pressure
D. Orthostatic hypotension
Answer: D
Rationale: Hypovolemia (fluid volume deficit) results in decreased blood pressure and
often orthostatic changes.
