Week 3 Quiz: Introduction to Medical Surgical Nursing Introduction to
Medical Surgical Nursing | Questions and Answers | 100% Correct |
Grade A - WCU
1. Which electrolyte imbalance is most commonly associated with the presence
of Chvostek’s sign?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypermagnesemia
C. Hyponatremia
D. Hypocalcemia
Answer: D
Rationale: Chvostek’s sign is a clinical sign of hypocalcemia, characterized by abnormal
reaction to the stimulation of the facial nerve.
2. What is the primary goal of the ‘time-out’ procedure in the operating room?
A. To ensure the surgeon has arrived on time
B. To document the start time for billing purposes
C. To allow the anesthesia provider to check equipment
D. To verify the correct patient, site, and procedure
Answer: D
Rationale: The ‘time-out’ is a mandatory pause by the surgical team to verify the correct
patient, correct site, and correct procedure to prevent surgical errors.
,3. A patient’s ABG results are: pH 7.31, PaCO2 50, HCO3 24. How should the
nurse interpret these results?
A. Metabolic Acidosis
B. Respiratory Alkalosis
C. Respiratory Acidosis
D. Metabolic Alkalosis
Answer: C
Rationale: A pH below 7.35 indicates acidosis. A PaCO2 above 45 indicates a respiratory
cause. Since the HCO3 is normal, it is uncompensated respiratory acidosis.
4. Which nursing intervention is most effective in preventing postoperative
atelectasis?
A. Administering prophylactic antibiotics
B. Applying sequential compression devices
C. Restricting fluid intake
D. Encouraging incentive spirometry and deep breathing
Answer: D
Rationale: Incentive spirometry and deep breathing exercises help expand the alveoli and
clear secretions, preventing lung collapse (atelectasis).
5. What is the hallmark clinical manifestation of Malignant Hyperthermia?
A. Sudden drop in blood pressure
B. Excessive urine output
C. Decreased heart rate
D. Muscle rigidity and rapid rise in temperature
Answer: D
Rationale: Malignant Hyperthermia is a life-threatening reaction to certain anesthetic
drugs, characterized by muscle rigidity, tachycardia, and hyperpyrexia.
, 6. A patient is prescribed a 0.45% Sodium Chloride IV solution. What type of
solution is this?
A. Isotonic
B. Hypertonic
C. Colloid
D. Hypotonic
Answer: D
Rationale: 0.45% NaCl is half-normal saline, which is hypotonic because it has a lower
osmolality than plasma.
7. Which medication is typically used as the antidote for Malignant
Hyperthermia?
A. Dantrolene
B. Atropine
C. Naloxone
D. Epinephrine
Answer: A
Rationale: Dantrolene sodium is a skeletal muscle relaxant that specifically treats the crisis
of Malignant Hyperthermia.
8. A patient with hyperkalemia is showing peaked T waves on an ECG. Which IV
medication should the nurse expect to administer first to protect the heart?
A. Insulin and Glucose
B. Sodium Bicarbonate
C. Furosemide
D. Calcium Gluconate
Answer: D
Rationale: Calcium gluconate stabilizes the cardiac cell membrane to prevent arrhythmias
in the presence of high potassium, although it does not lower the potassium level itself.
Medical Surgical Nursing | Questions and Answers | 100% Correct |
Grade A - WCU
1. Which electrolyte imbalance is most commonly associated with the presence
of Chvostek’s sign?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypermagnesemia
C. Hyponatremia
D. Hypocalcemia
Answer: D
Rationale: Chvostek’s sign is a clinical sign of hypocalcemia, characterized by abnormal
reaction to the stimulation of the facial nerve.
2. What is the primary goal of the ‘time-out’ procedure in the operating room?
A. To ensure the surgeon has arrived on time
B. To document the start time for billing purposes
C. To allow the anesthesia provider to check equipment
D. To verify the correct patient, site, and procedure
Answer: D
Rationale: The ‘time-out’ is a mandatory pause by the surgical team to verify the correct
patient, correct site, and correct procedure to prevent surgical errors.
,3. A patient’s ABG results are: pH 7.31, PaCO2 50, HCO3 24. How should the
nurse interpret these results?
A. Metabolic Acidosis
B. Respiratory Alkalosis
C. Respiratory Acidosis
D. Metabolic Alkalosis
Answer: C
Rationale: A pH below 7.35 indicates acidosis. A PaCO2 above 45 indicates a respiratory
cause. Since the HCO3 is normal, it is uncompensated respiratory acidosis.
4. Which nursing intervention is most effective in preventing postoperative
atelectasis?
A. Administering prophylactic antibiotics
B. Applying sequential compression devices
C. Restricting fluid intake
D. Encouraging incentive spirometry and deep breathing
Answer: D
Rationale: Incentive spirometry and deep breathing exercises help expand the alveoli and
clear secretions, preventing lung collapse (atelectasis).
5. What is the hallmark clinical manifestation of Malignant Hyperthermia?
A. Sudden drop in blood pressure
B. Excessive urine output
C. Decreased heart rate
D. Muscle rigidity and rapid rise in temperature
Answer: D
Rationale: Malignant Hyperthermia is a life-threatening reaction to certain anesthetic
drugs, characterized by muscle rigidity, tachycardia, and hyperpyrexia.
, 6. A patient is prescribed a 0.45% Sodium Chloride IV solution. What type of
solution is this?
A. Isotonic
B. Hypertonic
C. Colloid
D. Hypotonic
Answer: D
Rationale: 0.45% NaCl is half-normal saline, which is hypotonic because it has a lower
osmolality than plasma.
7. Which medication is typically used as the antidote for Malignant
Hyperthermia?
A. Dantrolene
B. Atropine
C. Naloxone
D. Epinephrine
Answer: A
Rationale: Dantrolene sodium is a skeletal muscle relaxant that specifically treats the crisis
of Malignant Hyperthermia.
8. A patient with hyperkalemia is showing peaked T waves on an ECG. Which IV
medication should the nurse expect to administer first to protect the heart?
A. Insulin and Glucose
B. Sodium Bicarbonate
C. Furosemide
D. Calcium Gluconate
Answer: D
Rationale: Calcium gluconate stabilizes the cardiac cell membrane to prevent arrhythmias
in the presence of high potassium, although it does not lower the potassium level itself.
