AACVPR CCRP Exam UPDATED
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Polyphenols - CORRECT ANSWER antioxidants
Flavonoids are most abundant polyphenols in our diet
Phytosterols - CORRECT ANSWER Naturally occurring sterols found in plants.
Phytosterols lower LDL cholesterol levels by competing with cholesterol for absorption in
the intestinal tract.
Sterols added to milk, margarine, orange juice, olive oil, cheese, bread
Fruits and vegetable - CORRECT ANSWER improve lipids, inflammation, and
endothelial function
Nuts - CORRECT ANSWER high in fat and protein (10-30%)
Monounsaturated fats and polyunsaturated fat good for reducing CVD
Reduces TC, LDL and apolipoprotein
Fish - CORRECT ANSWER high quality protein, PUFA, MUFA
Fatty fish = omega 3s
Lowers TG and reduce inflammation, improve endothelial function, and limit platelet
aggregation
Red meat - CORRECT ANSWER higher CVD risk and diabetes
High sat fat in non-lean red meat
White meat - CORRECT ANSWER lower cholesterol
Processed meats - CORRECT ANSWER high sodium and sat fat
Preservatives, nitrates
,Dairy - CORRECT ANSWER calcium, high quality protein, linoleic acid, vitamins,
nutrients
Lower lipids and improve endothelial function
Non fat dairy - CORRECT ANSWER no SF or cholesterol and lower in cals = keep
benefits of dairy while taking away risk of CVD
Diet for hypertension - CORRECT ANSWER lower sodium diet
1500 mg vs 1000 mg reduction
DASH diet with lower sodium diet (what patient should eat vs what they shouldn't eat)
Taste buds adapt to lower sodium diet
Weight loss and HTN - CORRECT ANSWER per 22 lbs, SBP decreases by 5-20
mmhg
3-5% weight loss in six months
Alcohol and HTN - CORRECT ANSWER immediate effect is vasodilation, but high
blood alcohol levels increase BP short term
Women: less than or equal to one drinks per day lowers BP by 2-4 mmhg
Men: less than or equal to two drinks per day lowers BP by 2-4 mmhg
Caffeine and HTN - CORRECT ANSWER acute intake raises BP
Higher risk of HTN=more caffeine will increase BP
Safe level (200 mg - one dose) will not induce clinically relevant change in BP, MC BF,
hydration status, body temp, perceived exertion with exercise
Diabetic diet and glycemic control - CORRECT ANSWER macro proportions
individualized
(lower moderate CHO diet is fine)
,Diabetes and CHO - CORRECT ANSWER 43-46% of diet
20-40% lowers A1C, BG, 24-h insulin, FBG
HDL increases with low carb diet
TD decreases with low and mod carb diet -
40-65% (mod carb) lowers A1C
High carb (70%) vegan diet lowers LDL
If patient is on insulin, the amount of CHO in the meal should ______ the dose of insulin -
CORRECT ANSWER match
Healthful choices for CHO and diabetes - CORRECT ANSWER whole grain and high
fiber
Protein and diabetes - CORRECT ANSWER important component of every meal
Increases insulin response without effecting BG levels
30% of diet without diabetic kidney disease
Fat and diabetes - CORRECT ANSWER high fat increases insulin resistance
MUFA/PUFA do no increase IR
Reduced fat (sat fat) diet reduced A1C
In patients who take insulin, meals that are high in fat may require _____ insulin than low fat
meals - CORRECT ANSWER more
Weight loss and diabetes - CORRECT ANSWER MNT(medical nutrition therapy)
improves BP, A1C, weight loss, and lipids
Heart failure and sodium - CORRECT ANSWER lower sodium recommendation than
gen pop
, Less than 2000 mg and less than 2 L water consumed
Optimal treatment for HF - CORRECT ANSWER ACE inhibitors, diuretics, fluid
restriciton
Restore intracellular volume and renal blood flow
Stage A/B CHF - CORRECT ANSWER less than or equal to 1500 mg
Stage C/D CHF - CORRECT ANSWER less than 3000 mg
HF and water intake - CORRECT ANSWER 1.5-2 L per day
If HF is on fluid restriction and sweats profusely - CORRECT ANSWER ask MD to
increase fluid allowance
HF and weight loss - CORRECT ANSWER not prioritized for HF patients
Diet patern for HF - CORRECT ANSWER DASH, low sodium Mediterraean diet
Social cognitive theory and diet - CORRECT ANSWER personal factors and
environment influence each other
Model or observed learning (environmental)
Grocery tours, healthy food potlucks, etc
Social determination theory and diet - CORRECT ANSWER reinforcement
Positive (measuring foods)
Negative (skipping meals, eating out)
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Polyphenols - CORRECT ANSWER antioxidants
Flavonoids are most abundant polyphenols in our diet
Phytosterols - CORRECT ANSWER Naturally occurring sterols found in plants.
Phytosterols lower LDL cholesterol levels by competing with cholesterol for absorption in
the intestinal tract.
Sterols added to milk, margarine, orange juice, olive oil, cheese, bread
Fruits and vegetable - CORRECT ANSWER improve lipids, inflammation, and
endothelial function
Nuts - CORRECT ANSWER high in fat and protein (10-30%)
Monounsaturated fats and polyunsaturated fat good for reducing CVD
Reduces TC, LDL and apolipoprotein
Fish - CORRECT ANSWER high quality protein, PUFA, MUFA
Fatty fish = omega 3s
Lowers TG and reduce inflammation, improve endothelial function, and limit platelet
aggregation
Red meat - CORRECT ANSWER higher CVD risk and diabetes
High sat fat in non-lean red meat
White meat - CORRECT ANSWER lower cholesterol
Processed meats - CORRECT ANSWER high sodium and sat fat
Preservatives, nitrates
,Dairy - CORRECT ANSWER calcium, high quality protein, linoleic acid, vitamins,
nutrients
Lower lipids and improve endothelial function
Non fat dairy - CORRECT ANSWER no SF or cholesterol and lower in cals = keep
benefits of dairy while taking away risk of CVD
Diet for hypertension - CORRECT ANSWER lower sodium diet
1500 mg vs 1000 mg reduction
DASH diet with lower sodium diet (what patient should eat vs what they shouldn't eat)
Taste buds adapt to lower sodium diet
Weight loss and HTN - CORRECT ANSWER per 22 lbs, SBP decreases by 5-20
mmhg
3-5% weight loss in six months
Alcohol and HTN - CORRECT ANSWER immediate effect is vasodilation, but high
blood alcohol levels increase BP short term
Women: less than or equal to one drinks per day lowers BP by 2-4 mmhg
Men: less than or equal to two drinks per day lowers BP by 2-4 mmhg
Caffeine and HTN - CORRECT ANSWER acute intake raises BP
Higher risk of HTN=more caffeine will increase BP
Safe level (200 mg - one dose) will not induce clinically relevant change in BP, MC BF,
hydration status, body temp, perceived exertion with exercise
Diabetic diet and glycemic control - CORRECT ANSWER macro proportions
individualized
(lower moderate CHO diet is fine)
,Diabetes and CHO - CORRECT ANSWER 43-46% of diet
20-40% lowers A1C, BG, 24-h insulin, FBG
HDL increases with low carb diet
TD decreases with low and mod carb diet -
40-65% (mod carb) lowers A1C
High carb (70%) vegan diet lowers LDL
If patient is on insulin, the amount of CHO in the meal should ______ the dose of insulin -
CORRECT ANSWER match
Healthful choices for CHO and diabetes - CORRECT ANSWER whole grain and high
fiber
Protein and diabetes - CORRECT ANSWER important component of every meal
Increases insulin response without effecting BG levels
30% of diet without diabetic kidney disease
Fat and diabetes - CORRECT ANSWER high fat increases insulin resistance
MUFA/PUFA do no increase IR
Reduced fat (sat fat) diet reduced A1C
In patients who take insulin, meals that are high in fat may require _____ insulin than low fat
meals - CORRECT ANSWER more
Weight loss and diabetes - CORRECT ANSWER MNT(medical nutrition therapy)
improves BP, A1C, weight loss, and lipids
Heart failure and sodium - CORRECT ANSWER lower sodium recommendation than
gen pop
, Less than 2000 mg and less than 2 L water consumed
Optimal treatment for HF - CORRECT ANSWER ACE inhibitors, diuretics, fluid
restriciton
Restore intracellular volume and renal blood flow
Stage A/B CHF - CORRECT ANSWER less than or equal to 1500 mg
Stage C/D CHF - CORRECT ANSWER less than 3000 mg
HF and water intake - CORRECT ANSWER 1.5-2 L per day
If HF is on fluid restriction and sweats profusely - CORRECT ANSWER ask MD to
increase fluid allowance
HF and weight loss - CORRECT ANSWER not prioritized for HF patients
Diet patern for HF - CORRECT ANSWER DASH, low sodium Mediterraean diet
Social cognitive theory and diet - CORRECT ANSWER personal factors and
environment influence each other
Model or observed learning (environmental)
Grocery tours, healthy food potlucks, etc
Social determination theory and diet - CORRECT ANSWER reinforcement
Positive (measuring foods)
Negative (skipping meals, eating out)
