CDFM MODULE 1 EXAM 2026 REAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS(DETAILED
ANSWERS)
Matters affecting the operation of the House & Senate and both chambers agree, does not go
to the President for signature. - ANSWER- Concurrent Resolution
The House and Senate can each write an matter concerning the operation on its own. Applies
to the chamber that created it. Knows as the H.Res & S.Res - ANSWER- Simple Resolution
During the State of The Union, what message is the President giving? - ANSWER- State of
Union, recommend measures necessary and expedient
Can an Executive Branch Department pass legislation with the approval of OMB and on
Behalf of the president, to a congressional committee or subcommittee - ANSWER- Yes, but
must be approved by OMB
Who resolves differences between the HR and the Senate? - ANSWER- Conference
Committee (Third Chamber)
What is usually the first step in the process for consideration by committee? - ANSWER-
Public Hearing
When a Conference Committee is convened dealing with an amendment, what can the
conferees do and not do? - ANSWER- Only deal with matters in disagreement; cannot insert
new matter or leave out matter agreed on
What was declared unconstitutional in 1998 with respect to Presidential Veto? - ANSWER-
Line Item Veto
If the President Veto a Bill, it is returned to the house of original acting first. If the Bill does
not receive 2/3 vote, it is sustained and the bill fails to become law. If it receives the required
2/3 vote, an endorsement to the effect is made on the back of the bill and it is then
transmitted, with the accompany message, the to the second house for its action. What has to
,happen for the Bill to become Law? - ANSWER- The next house has to pass it with a 2/3
vote to become law.
Who is responsible for the 3 phases of the Budget Cycle? - ANSWER- OMB
What are the 3 Phases of the Budget Cycle? - ANSWER- Budget Formulation, Congressional
Action and Budget Execution
Who does the Federal budget belong to? - ANSWER- The President
The Budget Formulation processed is governed by this? - ANSWER- OMB Circular A-11
OMB Circular A-11 sets out the promises of the president - ANSWER- Presidential Priorities
What are the six major steps in the budget formulation process laid out in OMB Circular A-
11? - ANSWER- 1) OMB Issues guidance; 2) Organization develops draft; 3) Agency submit
budget estimates to OMB; 4) OMB hold hearings on Agency Budgets; 5) President makes
final decisions on Agency budgets; 6) President transmits the budget to Congress.
What organization is responsible for helping the President with spending policy, managing
the executive budget, and providing advice an dangles on a broad range of topics? -
ANSWER- Additional OMB Duties
The President is responsible to transmit the budget of the US government to congress NLT
when? - ANSWER- 1st Monday in February each year
Congress she process authorization legislation, which authorizes or allows programs to exist.
They also pass appropriations, which provide funding for programs - ANSWER-
Congressional Action Phase
The President signs the bills into law that provides legal budget authority to incur obligations
and make payments out of the Treasury for specified purposes. - ANSWER- Appropriation
In the Congressional Action Phase, who holds hearing in January in preperation for drafting
the concurrent resolution of the budget? - ANSWER- Budget Committees
,Budget Committees this to their respective houses. The resolution sets spending revenue and
other budget targets for the upcoming fiscal year. - ANSWER- Concurrent Resolution - April
of each year
This is the process of estimating the budgetary effects of pending legislation and comparing
them to a baseline such as a budget resolution or to any limits that may be set in law. -
ANSWER- Scorekeeping
What data does scorekeeping track? - ANSWER- budget authority, receipts, outlays, surplus
or deficit, and the public debt
This resolution fixes new budget authority and outlay target and establishes target for the
Gross National Debt, revenues, and surplus/deficit. - ANSWER- Budget Resolution
This resolution does not require the signature of the President. It is the first step in the
Congressional Budget Process. - ANSWER- Concurrent Budget Resolution
This Bill may not exceed the ceilings set in the CBR w/out a 60% majority vote of the entire
congress & CBO monitors for compliance. - ANSWER- Annual Appropriation Bill
Defense, Military Construction/Veterans Affairs & Energy and Water - ANSWER- Defense
Relates Appropriations Acts
When a statutes language is not clear as written, the best place to go for interpretation of the
law is where? - ANSWER- Legislative History
Who will provide DoDs position on appeal items? - ANSWER- SECDEF
Amends the budgets submission prior to completion of a congressional act....they have been
submitted but not yet processed by congress - ANSWER- Budget Amendments
Normally transmitted to Congress as requests to provide funds in addition to amounts already
appropriated for the ongoing fiscal year. - ANSWER- Supplmental Requests
, What provides budget authority for specific ongoing activities for a specific period of time? -
ANSWER- Continuing Resolution (CR)
Budget authority and the availability of budgetary resources for obligation and expenditure
are limited by the following elements. - ANSWER- Time, Purpose & Amount
No money shall be drawn from the Treasury, but in the Consequence of Appropriations made
by law. - ANSWER- Article 1, Section 9
What give Congress the authority to make laws? - ANSWER- Article 1, Section 8 of the
Constitution
The final step after the Conference Committee Resolution after a measure has been passed in
identical form by both the House andSenate, it is considered to be what? - ANSWER-
"Enrolled" (then sent to the president)
Who reviews the constitution for interpretation of the constitution? - ANSWER- Supreme
Court
Who has the power to raise taxes given in Article 1 of the Constitution? - ANSWER-
Congress (Legislative Branch)
What does the Congress of the US consist of? - ANSWER- Senate (6 yrs); House (2 yrs)
All bills for raising Revenue shall originate where? But the Senate may propose or concur
with Amendments as on other Bills. - ANSWER- House of Representative
To be able to override a presidential veto, the House has to have a majority to pass the bill;
and if approved, then goes to the Senate for a vote to pass the bill. If approved, the Bill
becomes Law. What is the percentage the vote has to pass by in both the House & Senate? -
ANSWER- 2/3 and 2/3
If any Bill shall not be returned by the President after it has been presented to him, the Same
shall be a law. How many days? - ANSWER- 10 Days
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS(DETAILED
ANSWERS)
Matters affecting the operation of the House & Senate and both chambers agree, does not go
to the President for signature. - ANSWER- Concurrent Resolution
The House and Senate can each write an matter concerning the operation on its own. Applies
to the chamber that created it. Knows as the H.Res & S.Res - ANSWER- Simple Resolution
During the State of The Union, what message is the President giving? - ANSWER- State of
Union, recommend measures necessary and expedient
Can an Executive Branch Department pass legislation with the approval of OMB and on
Behalf of the president, to a congressional committee or subcommittee - ANSWER- Yes, but
must be approved by OMB
Who resolves differences between the HR and the Senate? - ANSWER- Conference
Committee (Third Chamber)
What is usually the first step in the process for consideration by committee? - ANSWER-
Public Hearing
When a Conference Committee is convened dealing with an amendment, what can the
conferees do and not do? - ANSWER- Only deal with matters in disagreement; cannot insert
new matter or leave out matter agreed on
What was declared unconstitutional in 1998 with respect to Presidential Veto? - ANSWER-
Line Item Veto
If the President Veto a Bill, it is returned to the house of original acting first. If the Bill does
not receive 2/3 vote, it is sustained and the bill fails to become law. If it receives the required
2/3 vote, an endorsement to the effect is made on the back of the bill and it is then
transmitted, with the accompany message, the to the second house for its action. What has to
,happen for the Bill to become Law? - ANSWER- The next house has to pass it with a 2/3
vote to become law.
Who is responsible for the 3 phases of the Budget Cycle? - ANSWER- OMB
What are the 3 Phases of the Budget Cycle? - ANSWER- Budget Formulation, Congressional
Action and Budget Execution
Who does the Federal budget belong to? - ANSWER- The President
The Budget Formulation processed is governed by this? - ANSWER- OMB Circular A-11
OMB Circular A-11 sets out the promises of the president - ANSWER- Presidential Priorities
What are the six major steps in the budget formulation process laid out in OMB Circular A-
11? - ANSWER- 1) OMB Issues guidance; 2) Organization develops draft; 3) Agency submit
budget estimates to OMB; 4) OMB hold hearings on Agency Budgets; 5) President makes
final decisions on Agency budgets; 6) President transmits the budget to Congress.
What organization is responsible for helping the President with spending policy, managing
the executive budget, and providing advice an dangles on a broad range of topics? -
ANSWER- Additional OMB Duties
The President is responsible to transmit the budget of the US government to congress NLT
when? - ANSWER- 1st Monday in February each year
Congress she process authorization legislation, which authorizes or allows programs to exist.
They also pass appropriations, which provide funding for programs - ANSWER-
Congressional Action Phase
The President signs the bills into law that provides legal budget authority to incur obligations
and make payments out of the Treasury for specified purposes. - ANSWER- Appropriation
In the Congressional Action Phase, who holds hearing in January in preperation for drafting
the concurrent resolution of the budget? - ANSWER- Budget Committees
,Budget Committees this to their respective houses. The resolution sets spending revenue and
other budget targets for the upcoming fiscal year. - ANSWER- Concurrent Resolution - April
of each year
This is the process of estimating the budgetary effects of pending legislation and comparing
them to a baseline such as a budget resolution or to any limits that may be set in law. -
ANSWER- Scorekeeping
What data does scorekeeping track? - ANSWER- budget authority, receipts, outlays, surplus
or deficit, and the public debt
This resolution fixes new budget authority and outlay target and establishes target for the
Gross National Debt, revenues, and surplus/deficit. - ANSWER- Budget Resolution
This resolution does not require the signature of the President. It is the first step in the
Congressional Budget Process. - ANSWER- Concurrent Budget Resolution
This Bill may not exceed the ceilings set in the CBR w/out a 60% majority vote of the entire
congress & CBO monitors for compliance. - ANSWER- Annual Appropriation Bill
Defense, Military Construction/Veterans Affairs & Energy and Water - ANSWER- Defense
Relates Appropriations Acts
When a statutes language is not clear as written, the best place to go for interpretation of the
law is where? - ANSWER- Legislative History
Who will provide DoDs position on appeal items? - ANSWER- SECDEF
Amends the budgets submission prior to completion of a congressional act....they have been
submitted but not yet processed by congress - ANSWER- Budget Amendments
Normally transmitted to Congress as requests to provide funds in addition to amounts already
appropriated for the ongoing fiscal year. - ANSWER- Supplmental Requests
, What provides budget authority for specific ongoing activities for a specific period of time? -
ANSWER- Continuing Resolution (CR)
Budget authority and the availability of budgetary resources for obligation and expenditure
are limited by the following elements. - ANSWER- Time, Purpose & Amount
No money shall be drawn from the Treasury, but in the Consequence of Appropriations made
by law. - ANSWER- Article 1, Section 9
What give Congress the authority to make laws? - ANSWER- Article 1, Section 8 of the
Constitution
The final step after the Conference Committee Resolution after a measure has been passed in
identical form by both the House andSenate, it is considered to be what? - ANSWER-
"Enrolled" (then sent to the president)
Who reviews the constitution for interpretation of the constitution? - ANSWER- Supreme
Court
Who has the power to raise taxes given in Article 1 of the Constitution? - ANSWER-
Congress (Legislative Branch)
What does the Congress of the US consist of? - ANSWER- Senate (6 yrs); House (2 yrs)
All bills for raising Revenue shall originate where? But the Senate may propose or concur
with Amendments as on other Bills. - ANSWER- House of Representative
To be able to override a presidential veto, the House has to have a majority to pass the bill;
and if approved, then goes to the Senate for a vote to pass the bill. If approved, the Bill
becomes Law. What is the percentage the vote has to pass by in both the House & Senate? -
ANSWER- 2/3 and 2/3
If any Bill shall not be returned by the President after it has been presented to him, the Same
shall be a law. How many days? - ANSWER- 10 Days
