ONS ONCC CHEMO RENEWAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% PASS
2026/2027
Main benefit of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (breast cancer patient) - ANS Neoadjuvant
therapy does not increase survival when compared to adjuvant therapy. It only changes the
timing of treatment and can change surgical options if the tumor is shrunk enough. If this
occurs, the patient may only require a lumpectomy plus radiation therapy instead of needing a
mastectomy
Due to Mrs. Turner's age and comorbidities, her oncologist performs a comprehensive geriatric
assessment. You know that this assessment covers all but which of the following: - ANS A
comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) is a multidisciplinary evaluation to assess life
expectancy and risk of morbidity and mortality in the older patient. This assessment tool would
evaluate and include the following areas: functional status, socioeconomic issues, psychosocial
distress, comorbidities, cognitive function, nutritional status, polypharmacy, and a medication
review (NCCN Older Adult Oncology Guidelines, version 1.2015).
The NCCN Older Adult Oncology Guidelines (version 1.2015) provides information on what is
included in a comprehensive geriatric assessment. Currently, more than 60% of cancers in the
United States occur in people age ______and older and as the oncology world ages, nearly half
(46%) of cancer survivors are 70 years of age or older - ANS 65
2026/2027 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 1
,What is your best explanation for why Mrs. Turner was given a port to receive her
chemotherapy? - ANS Two of the agents (docetaxel and carboplatin) that Mrs. Turner will
receive are categorized as irritants. Docetaxel can cause a significant reaction if it extravasates.
It can lead to edema, erythema, occasional pain and blister formation (ONS Chemo/Bio
guidelines, 2014). That is the most likely reason that Mrs. Turner was given a port for her
treatments. Some patients will receive their treatments through a peripheral IV without
incident. Just because they are intravenous agents does not mean that a port is required and
needing a port has nothing to do with her being older in age. Since none of these agents are
vesicants, they likely could have been given safely via peripheral route but having a port placed
is OK as well.
_____________can cause inflammation, pain, and burning but rarely cause tissue necrosis
comparable to a vesicant (unless a large amount or a very high concentration of the irritant is
extravasated). - ANS Irrirtants
_____________can cause blistering and significant pain and tissue damage and destruction,
leading to tissue death. - ANS Vesicants
A further classification of an antineoplastic agent's potential to cause damage is whether its
mechanism of action includes DNA binding. - ANS Non-DNA-binding solutions remain in the
local area of the extravasation, which improves the possibility of drug deactivation.
DNA-binding agents attach to DNA nucleic acids, causing the antagonist to be ingested cellularly,
leading to progressive tissue destruction
DNA Binding Irritants - ANS Bendamustinea
Dactinomycin
Daunorubicin
Doxorubicin
Epirubicin
Idarubicin
2026/2027 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 2
, Mechlorethamine
Mitomycin
DNA Nonbinding vessicants - ANS Amsacrine
Paclitaxel
Vinblastine
Vincristine
Vindesine
Vinorelbine
Extravasciation Alkylating / Mechlorethamine tx - ANS Sodium thiosulfate
Inject 2 ml of sodium thiosulfate for each milligram of
mechlorethamine extravasated.
Inject subcutaneously into extravasation site using a 25
gauge or smaller needle (change needle with each injection).
Monitor extravasation site according to the institution's
policies and procedures.
Extravasciation Alkylating: Oxaliplatin - ANS Apply warm compresses.
Dexamethasone
8 mg twice daily
for 14 days
Extravasation Tx: Anthracyclines --- Daunorubicin,
2026/2027 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 3
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% PASS
2026/2027
Main benefit of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (breast cancer patient) - ANS Neoadjuvant
therapy does not increase survival when compared to adjuvant therapy. It only changes the
timing of treatment and can change surgical options if the tumor is shrunk enough. If this
occurs, the patient may only require a lumpectomy plus radiation therapy instead of needing a
mastectomy
Due to Mrs. Turner's age and comorbidities, her oncologist performs a comprehensive geriatric
assessment. You know that this assessment covers all but which of the following: - ANS A
comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) is a multidisciplinary evaluation to assess life
expectancy and risk of morbidity and mortality in the older patient. This assessment tool would
evaluate and include the following areas: functional status, socioeconomic issues, psychosocial
distress, comorbidities, cognitive function, nutritional status, polypharmacy, and a medication
review (NCCN Older Adult Oncology Guidelines, version 1.2015).
The NCCN Older Adult Oncology Guidelines (version 1.2015) provides information on what is
included in a comprehensive geriatric assessment. Currently, more than 60% of cancers in the
United States occur in people age ______and older and as the oncology world ages, nearly half
(46%) of cancer survivors are 70 years of age or older - ANS 65
2026/2027 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 1
,What is your best explanation for why Mrs. Turner was given a port to receive her
chemotherapy? - ANS Two of the agents (docetaxel and carboplatin) that Mrs. Turner will
receive are categorized as irritants. Docetaxel can cause a significant reaction if it extravasates.
It can lead to edema, erythema, occasional pain and blister formation (ONS Chemo/Bio
guidelines, 2014). That is the most likely reason that Mrs. Turner was given a port for her
treatments. Some patients will receive their treatments through a peripheral IV without
incident. Just because they are intravenous agents does not mean that a port is required and
needing a port has nothing to do with her being older in age. Since none of these agents are
vesicants, they likely could have been given safely via peripheral route but having a port placed
is OK as well.
_____________can cause inflammation, pain, and burning but rarely cause tissue necrosis
comparable to a vesicant (unless a large amount or a very high concentration of the irritant is
extravasated). - ANS Irrirtants
_____________can cause blistering and significant pain and tissue damage and destruction,
leading to tissue death. - ANS Vesicants
A further classification of an antineoplastic agent's potential to cause damage is whether its
mechanism of action includes DNA binding. - ANS Non-DNA-binding solutions remain in the
local area of the extravasation, which improves the possibility of drug deactivation.
DNA-binding agents attach to DNA nucleic acids, causing the antagonist to be ingested cellularly,
leading to progressive tissue destruction
DNA Binding Irritants - ANS Bendamustinea
Dactinomycin
Daunorubicin
Doxorubicin
Epirubicin
Idarubicin
2026/2027 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 2
, Mechlorethamine
Mitomycin
DNA Nonbinding vessicants - ANS Amsacrine
Paclitaxel
Vinblastine
Vincristine
Vindesine
Vinorelbine
Extravasciation Alkylating / Mechlorethamine tx - ANS Sodium thiosulfate
Inject 2 ml of sodium thiosulfate for each milligram of
mechlorethamine extravasated.
Inject subcutaneously into extravasation site using a 25
gauge or smaller needle (change needle with each injection).
Monitor extravasation site according to the institution's
policies and procedures.
Extravasciation Alkylating: Oxaliplatin - ANS Apply warm compresses.
Dexamethasone
8 mg twice daily
for 14 days
Extravasation Tx: Anthracyclines --- Daunorubicin,
2026/2027 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 3
