CERTIFICATION STUDY GUIDE 2026
TEST PAPER QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS FULL SOLUTION PACK
◉ Unconscious incompetency . Answer: A stage where a person is
unaware of their lack of skill or knowledge.
◉ Conscious incompetency . Answer: A stage where a person is aware
of their lack of skill or knowledge.
◉ Conscious competency . Answer: A stage where a person is aware of
their skill or knowledge and can perform it.
◉ Unconscious competency . Answer: A stage where a person can
perform a skill or knowledge without conscious thought.
◉ Freud's tasks of learning independence and control . Answer:
Associated with problematic traits such as excessive dependency.
◉ Standards of care . Answer: Legally binding guidelines that dictate
the minimum acceptable level of care.
◉ Practice guidelines . Answer: Recommendations that are not legally
binding and can be more flexible.
,◉ Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) . Answer: A system of
psychotherapy that focuses on how an individual's thoughts influence
their feelings and behaviors.
◉ Primary thinking . Answer: Recognizes indeterminate, negative, and
irrational thinking as part of human action.
◉ Secondary thinking . Answer: Recognizes the indeterminate,
negative, and irrational thinking as foremost.
◉ Imitative behavior . Answer: A therapeutic benefit that allows
individuals to experiment with new behaviors.
◉ Psychoanalytic psychotherapy . Answer: Not ideal for patients with
primarily primitive defenses.
◉ Dynamic supportive therapy . Answer: A strategy where the nurse
assists the patient with reality testing, problem-solving, and
interpersonal awareness.
◉ Therapeutic alliance . Answer: The relationship between therapist
and patient that is essential for effective therapy.
, ◉ Cognitive triad . Answer: A concept in CBT that includes maladaptive
thoughts rooted in irrational assumptions.
◉ Universality . Answer: A therapeutic factor where a group member
realizes others share similar feelings of incompetency.
◉ Reality testing . Answer: A process in dynamic supportive therapy
that helps patients distinguish between their perceptions and reality.
◉ Psychic determinism . Answer: The concept that every thought and
behavior has a cause.
◉ Supportive psychodynamic psychotherapy . Answer: Focuses on
feelings, defenses, life stresses, and problem-solving.
◉ Direct advice . Answer: A strategy in imparting information that can
elucidate interpersonal pathology.
◉ Solution focused therapy . Answer: A therapy approach that focuses
on potential solutions rather than the etiology of the problem.
◉ Clinical practice guidelines . Answer: Recommendations for the use
of psychodynamic therapy for various psychiatric disorders.