BIO 151 DCCC FINAL FINAL TEST 2026
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
GRADED A+
◍ Oogenesis.
Answer: 5-6 million oogonia by 5th fetal month → oocytes made before
birth, but reduced to 200,000 by puberty (atresia)
◍ Hemopoiesis.
Answer: formation of blood cells
◍ Catecholamines.
Answer: dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine
◍ primary lymphatic organs.
Answer: red bone marrow and thymus- Origin and Immunocompetency
◍ parietal cells of stomach.
Answer: secrete HCl (activates pepsin and lingual lipase) and intrinsic factor
◍ How do B cells work?.
Answer: When their antigen receptors bind to the matching antigen on a
pathogen, that B cell turns into cells that secrete antibodies to render the
pathogen harmless (as well as memory cells)
◍ water soluble hormones include.
Answer: amine hormones, peptide and protein hormones
◍ Antigen-presenting cells (APCs).
Answer: cells such as B cells, macrophages, reticular cells and dendritic
cells that can present antigens to naive or memory T cells, activating them
◍ Veins.
Answer: Blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart
,◍ blood types.
Answer: A, B, AB, O
◍ Thrombopoietin (TPO).
Answer: hormone from liver stimulates platelet formation
◍ Syncytiotrophoblast.
Answer: B?
◍ How is hemoglobin recycled?.
Answer: Heme- 2 pathwaysIron- transferrin or ferritinBiliverdin → bilirubin
(liver and spleen) → bile → fecesGlobin- catabolism to AAs
◍ Yolk Sac.
Answer: J?
◍ Hemoglobin.
Answer: iron-containing protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen for
delivery to cells
◍ up-regulation and down-regulation.
Answer: increase in the number and sensitivity of receptors/decrease in the
number of receptors
◍ audtorhythmicity diagram.
Answer:
◍ Glycogenesis.
Answer: formation of glycogen from glucose (anabolism) - stored in liver
and sk mm
◍ Autorhythmicity (cardiac).
Answer: electrical before mechanical
◍ Activated B cells differentiate into:.
Answer: Plasma cells and memory B cells
◍ inner layers of the G.I tract.
Answer: Mucosa, submucosa (submucosal plexus- ENS and controls
, glands), muscularis externa (myenteric plexus- ENS and controls
contraction), serosa (continuous and double-layered- visceral and parietal)
◍ Pathway of food in digestive system.
Answer: mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum,
anus
◍ spermatogonium.
Answer: A diploid cell that leads to 4 haploid spermatids
◍ stem cells for formation of blood.
Answer: myeloid and lymphoid
◍ crossing over.
Answer: Process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of
their chromatids during meiosis.
◍ GI tract organs.
Answer: stomach, small intestine, large intestine
◍ Endoderm.
Answer: E?
◍ Rh antigen is +; no Rh antigen is -.
Answer: Rh antigen does not matter for plasma transfusions!!
◍ DCT and CD.
Answer: water and salt (HORMONES); facultative water
reabsorptionAldosterone- save water (less urine) by increasing sodium
reabsorptionAntidiuretic hormone- save water (less urine) by increasing
aquaporinsNatriuretic peptide- excrete water (more urine) if there is high BP
and hypervolemia
◍ autocrine signaling.
Answer: the target cell is also the secreting cell
◍ right primary bronchus.
Answer: larger in diameter than the left and descends at a steeper angle
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
GRADED A+
◍ Oogenesis.
Answer: 5-6 million oogonia by 5th fetal month → oocytes made before
birth, but reduced to 200,000 by puberty (atresia)
◍ Hemopoiesis.
Answer: formation of blood cells
◍ Catecholamines.
Answer: dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine
◍ primary lymphatic organs.
Answer: red bone marrow and thymus- Origin and Immunocompetency
◍ parietal cells of stomach.
Answer: secrete HCl (activates pepsin and lingual lipase) and intrinsic factor
◍ How do B cells work?.
Answer: When their antigen receptors bind to the matching antigen on a
pathogen, that B cell turns into cells that secrete antibodies to render the
pathogen harmless (as well as memory cells)
◍ water soluble hormones include.
Answer: amine hormones, peptide and protein hormones
◍ Antigen-presenting cells (APCs).
Answer: cells such as B cells, macrophages, reticular cells and dendritic
cells that can present antigens to naive or memory T cells, activating them
◍ Veins.
Answer: Blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart
,◍ blood types.
Answer: A, B, AB, O
◍ Thrombopoietin (TPO).
Answer: hormone from liver stimulates platelet formation
◍ Syncytiotrophoblast.
Answer: B?
◍ How is hemoglobin recycled?.
Answer: Heme- 2 pathwaysIron- transferrin or ferritinBiliverdin → bilirubin
(liver and spleen) → bile → fecesGlobin- catabolism to AAs
◍ Yolk Sac.
Answer: J?
◍ Hemoglobin.
Answer: iron-containing protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen for
delivery to cells
◍ up-regulation and down-regulation.
Answer: increase in the number and sensitivity of receptors/decrease in the
number of receptors
◍ audtorhythmicity diagram.
Answer:
◍ Glycogenesis.
Answer: formation of glycogen from glucose (anabolism) - stored in liver
and sk mm
◍ Autorhythmicity (cardiac).
Answer: electrical before mechanical
◍ Activated B cells differentiate into:.
Answer: Plasma cells and memory B cells
◍ inner layers of the G.I tract.
Answer: Mucosa, submucosa (submucosal plexus- ENS and controls
, glands), muscularis externa (myenteric plexus- ENS and controls
contraction), serosa (continuous and double-layered- visceral and parietal)
◍ Pathway of food in digestive system.
Answer: mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum,
anus
◍ spermatogonium.
Answer: A diploid cell that leads to 4 haploid spermatids
◍ stem cells for formation of blood.
Answer: myeloid and lymphoid
◍ crossing over.
Answer: Process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of
their chromatids during meiosis.
◍ GI tract organs.
Answer: stomach, small intestine, large intestine
◍ Endoderm.
Answer: E?
◍ Rh antigen is +; no Rh antigen is -.
Answer: Rh antigen does not matter for plasma transfusions!!
◍ DCT and CD.
Answer: water and salt (HORMONES); facultative water
reabsorptionAldosterone- save water (less urine) by increasing sodium
reabsorptionAntidiuretic hormone- save water (less urine) by increasing
aquaporinsNatriuretic peptide- excrete water (more urine) if there is high BP
and hypervolemia
◍ autocrine signaling.
Answer: the target cell is also the secreting cell
◍ right primary bronchus.
Answer: larger in diameter than the left and descends at a steeper angle
