Test Bank for Children and Their Development, 7th edition by Robert V. Kail, Chapter 1-15 | All Chapters

TEST BANK
Children and Their Development, 7th edition
By Robert V. Kail
TE
ST
SO
LU
TI
O
N

, Table of Content

The Science of Child Development
Genetic Bases of Child Development
Prenatal Development, Birth, and the Newborn
Growth and Health
Perceptual and Motor Development
Theories of Cognitive Development
TE

Cognitive Processes and Academic Skills
Intelligence and Individual Differences in Cognition
Language and Communication
ST

Emotional Development
Understanding Self and Others
SO
Moral Understanding and Behavior
Gender and Development
Family Relationships
LU
Influences Beyond the Family
TI
O
N

, KJHGFDSA




Chapter 1
The Science of Child Development
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

1.1 Viewing infants as tabula rasas suggests that
a. infants will develop naturally unless the environment interferes.
b. experience will mold infants into unique individuals.
c. nature is more important than nurture.
TE
d. infants are born with a sense of morality.

Module: Setting the Stage
Answer: b Page ref: 4 Skill: Remember the Facts Level: 1-Easy
Rationale: Locke’s tabula rasa is the idea that infants are blank slates on which experience writes.
LO1: What ideas did philosophers have about children and childhood?
ST
1.2 The idea that the mind of the human infant is a tabula rasa at birth reflects the belief that
a. experience molds each person into a unique individual.
b. children should be left alone so that their good natures can unfold.
c. heredity plays a major role in an individual’s development.
d. infants cannot think because their minds are blank.
SO
Module: Setting the Stage
Answer: a Page ref: 4 Skill: Understand the Concepts Level: 2-Medium
Rationale: Locke’s tabula rasa is the idea that infants are blank slates on which experience writes.
LO1: What ideas did philosophers have about children and childhood?

1.3 If parents believe that children are tabula rasas at birth, they are likely to
LU
a. leave their children alone so their virtuous natures can unfold.
b. be very permissive with their children.
c. assume that nothing they do will have any influence on their children’s development.
d. plan their children’s experiences from the moment of their birth.

Module: Setting the Stage
TI
Answer: d Page ref: 4 Skill: Apply What You Know Level: 2-Medium
Rationale: Locke believed that experience was important to development; therefore parents play an
important role in planning their children’s experiences.
LO1: What ideas did philosophers have about children and childhood?
O
1.4 The French philosopher, Jean Jacques Rousseau, believed that
a. the human infant is born a tabula rasa.
b. infants were born with an innate sense of justice and morality.
N
c. experience molds each human into a unique individual.
d. parents should teach their children rationality and self-control.

Module: Setting the Stage
Answer: b Page ref: 4 Skill: Remember the Facts Level: 1-Easy
Rationale: Rousseau believed that infants are born with an innate sense of justice and morality.
LO1: What ideas did philosophers have about children and childhood?




uytrew

, KJHGFDSA



1.5 Heather believes her 12-month-old daughter will develop optimally if Heather gives her freedom to grow
naturally and does not try to shape her development. Heather’s beliefs about child rearing are most similar to
those of
a. Sigmund Freud. c. John Locke.
b. Erik Erikson. d. Jean Jacques Rousseau.

Module: Setting the Stage
Answer: d Page ref: 4 Skill: Apply What You Know Level: 2-Medium
Rationale: Rousseau believed in a natural unfolding of a child’s innate sense of justice and morality, a
philosophy that formed the basis of the maturational theory.
LO1: What ideas did philosophers have about children and childhood?
TE
1.6 Detailed, systematic observations of individual children are referred to as
a. blank slates. c. mental tests.
b. baby biographies. d. critical periods.

Module: Setting the Stage
Answer: b Page ref: 5 Skill: Remember the Facts Level: 1-Easy
ST
Rationale: Baby biographies are detailed, systematic observations of individual children. The
observations in the biographies were often subjective and the conclusions were sometimes reached on
the basis of minimal evidence.
LO2: How did the modern science of child development emerge?

1.7 based his ideas about child development on evolutionary theory and was interested in
SO
age-trends in children’s beliefs and feelings.
a. John Locke c. G. Stanley Hall
b. Jean Jacques Rousseau d. Alfred Binet

Module: Setting the Stage
Answer: c Page ref: 5 Skill: Remember the Facts Level: 1-Easy
Rationale: Hall generated theories based on evolutionary theory and conducted studies to determine age
LU
trends in children’s beliefs and feelings about a range of topics.
LO2: How did the modern science of child development emerge?

1.8 uses developmental research to promote healthy development, particularly for
vulnerable children and families.
a. Family policy
TI
b. Applied developmental science
c. A quasi-experimental design
d. The Index of Social Health for Children and Youth (ISHCY)
O
Module: Setting the Stage
Answer: b Page ref: 6 Skill: Remember the Facts Level: 1-Easy
Rationale: A new branch of child-development research has emerged that is known as applied
developmental science, which uses developmental research to promote healthy development.
N
LO3: How do child-development scientists use research findings to improve children’s lives?

1.9 An organized set of ideas that is designed to explain development is referred to as a
a. theory. c. tabula rasa.
b. critical period. d. case history.

Module: Foundational Theories of Child Development
Answer: a Page ref: 7 Skill: Remember the Facts Level: 1-Easy
Rationale: Theories are organized sets of ideas that are designed to explain and make predictions about
development.



uytrew