NSG 555 Quiz 2 module 4
DBTS EXAM LATEST 2025-
2026 QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS
A1C may be inaccurate in what patients? - correct answer anemia or other
hemoglobinopathies, s/p blood transfusion, pregnancy/postpartum
normal, prediabetes, diabetes lab values - correct answer normal glucose <100, A1C <5.7, OGTT
<140
predbts glucose: 100-125, A1C 5.7-6.4, OGTT 140-199
dbts fasting glucose >126, random plasma glucose >200, A1C >6.5, OGTT >200
why draw C-peptide level in diabetes - correct answer high means insulin resistance, low means
type 1. use this to distinguish type 1 from type 2
differential dx diabetes - correct answer type 1, type 2, diabetes insipitus
high blood glucose + glycosuria absent, DI excluded THEN check for hyperthyroidism (t3, T4,
TSH) and hyperparathyroidism
Secondary causes of diabetes: cushing, pheochromocytoma, acromegalia, low K because of
glucose intolerance, hyperaldosteronism, ETOH/gallbladder destruction of pancreatic islet cells
glucose goals for nonpregnant adults - correct answer A1c <7-8, premeal glucose 80-130, post-
meal <180
older adults: keep high blood sugar symptoms to minimum and avoid low blood sugars
, type 2 dm exercise recommendations - correct answer 150 minutes/week spread over 3+ days.
Avoid 2 days in a row without exercise. . move 1x every 30 minutes.
basal/bolus insulin - correct answer for tx type 1 this is most common. adjust dose to weight,
body type, age
initial total dose is 0.5 u/kg then divide this into basal and bolus doses. 50% basal, remaining
50% divide between 3 mealtime dosages.
check POSTPRANDIAL blood glucose to make adjustments
long acting 24 hour insulins - correct answer glargine, detemir, degludec (DO NOT MIX THESE
WITH OTHER INSULINS)
large doses may divide into 2 injections 12 hours apart
to start adjust this q2-3 days until FASTING glucose is in target range.
increase 2-5 units in insulin sensitive patients that are obese or 1-2 units in insulin sensitive
patient with thin bodies and frequent hypoglycemia (decrease in these same ranges if FBS too
low)
nph/premixed insulin - correct answer 2x daily. It's expensive.
regular does not work as rapidly so results in hyperglycemia after meal and the hypoglycemia
before meals.
When to change insulin doses - correct answer weight loss, increased exercise, illness, growth
spurts. Honeymoon phase--sometimes type 1 dbts have a temporary recovvery of beta cell
function
type 2 daibetes meds - correct answer not usually insulin because inc. weight gain, resistance
DBTS EXAM LATEST 2025-
2026 QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS
A1C may be inaccurate in what patients? - correct answer anemia or other
hemoglobinopathies, s/p blood transfusion, pregnancy/postpartum
normal, prediabetes, diabetes lab values - correct answer normal glucose <100, A1C <5.7, OGTT
<140
predbts glucose: 100-125, A1C 5.7-6.4, OGTT 140-199
dbts fasting glucose >126, random plasma glucose >200, A1C >6.5, OGTT >200
why draw C-peptide level in diabetes - correct answer high means insulin resistance, low means
type 1. use this to distinguish type 1 from type 2
differential dx diabetes - correct answer type 1, type 2, diabetes insipitus
high blood glucose + glycosuria absent, DI excluded THEN check for hyperthyroidism (t3, T4,
TSH) and hyperparathyroidism
Secondary causes of diabetes: cushing, pheochromocytoma, acromegalia, low K because of
glucose intolerance, hyperaldosteronism, ETOH/gallbladder destruction of pancreatic islet cells
glucose goals for nonpregnant adults - correct answer A1c <7-8, premeal glucose 80-130, post-
meal <180
older adults: keep high blood sugar symptoms to minimum and avoid low blood sugars
, type 2 dm exercise recommendations - correct answer 150 minutes/week spread over 3+ days.
Avoid 2 days in a row without exercise. . move 1x every 30 minutes.
basal/bolus insulin - correct answer for tx type 1 this is most common. adjust dose to weight,
body type, age
initial total dose is 0.5 u/kg then divide this into basal and bolus doses. 50% basal, remaining
50% divide between 3 mealtime dosages.
check POSTPRANDIAL blood glucose to make adjustments
long acting 24 hour insulins - correct answer glargine, detemir, degludec (DO NOT MIX THESE
WITH OTHER INSULINS)
large doses may divide into 2 injections 12 hours apart
to start adjust this q2-3 days until FASTING glucose is in target range.
increase 2-5 units in insulin sensitive patients that are obese or 1-2 units in insulin sensitive
patient with thin bodies and frequent hypoglycemia (decrease in these same ranges if FBS too
low)
nph/premixed insulin - correct answer 2x daily. It's expensive.
regular does not work as rapidly so results in hyperglycemia after meal and the hypoglycemia
before meals.
When to change insulin doses - correct answer weight loss, increased exercise, illness, growth
spurts. Honeymoon phase--sometimes type 1 dbts have a temporary recovvery of beta cell
function
type 2 daibetes meds - correct answer not usually insulin because inc. weight gain, resistance
