NR 503 Population Health, Epidemiology & Statistical Principles
Midterm Exam Study Guide – Chamberlain
Questions with Verified Answers, 100% Guarantee Pass
1. How does a provider determine the usefulness, appropriateness, of a screening
test? Where would and NP look to find a screening test? What de- termines if a
screening test should be used?
Answer> Determining whether a screening
test is appropriate requires the APRN to address several aspects of the disease
of interest. The target population needs to be identifiable. There should be enough
people to make the study cost effective. The preclinical period should be proficient
to allow treatment before symptoms appear so that early diagnosis and treatment
make a difference in terms of outcomes. The NP could look at the U.S. Preventative
Services Task Force, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, and SAMH- SA-
HRSA to find a screening test. Sensitivity and specificity measure the validity of a
test. Sensitivity is the number identified/ the number affected. Specificity is the
number identified in the screening of not having the disease/ the actual number
who do not have the disease.
2. Can you explain what "descriptive epidemiology" means? What is the
purpose? How is it used?
Answer> It covers time place and person.
First, by looking at the data carefully, the epidemiologist becomes very familiar
, with the data. He or she can see what the data can or cannot reveal based on the
variables available, its limitations (for example, the number of records with
missing information for each important variable), and its eccentricities (for example,
all cases range in age from 2 months to 6 years, plus one 17-year-old.).
Second, the epidemiologist learns the extent and pattern of the public health prob-
lem being investigated — which months, which neighborhoods, and which
groups of people have the most and least cases.
Third, the epidemiologist creates a detailed description of the health of a
population that can be easily communicated with tables, graphs, and maps.
Fourth, the epidemiologist can identify areas or groups within the population that
have high rates of disease. This information in turn provides important clues to
the causes of the disease, and these clues can be turned into testable hypotheses.
3. How are causation and descriptive epidemiology related, how do they work
together to aid evidence-based care?
Answer> - helps look at the cause
of the issue or disease process. focuses on the person, place,
and time. An example of how they are intertwined might be a person who was
sick from E. Coli. The physician might look at what the individual ate to
determine what made them sick. For instance, they may have decided to eat from
the salad bar at a local restaurant.
4. What does "causation" mean? Can you relate causation to primary, sec- ondary
and tertiary interventions?
Answer> is an increase in a casual factor or exposure causes an increase in the
outcome of interest (disease). It is related to primary intervention could be the use
of flu vaccines yearly to prevent the flu from causing an illness. A secondary
intervention would be to test for the influenza virus in a patient. A tertiary
, intervention would be giving Tamiflu to a flu positive patient. Since we know that
the influenza virus causes the flu when can help to perform actions against it.
Midterm Exam Study Guide – Chamberlain
Questions with Verified Answers, 100% Guarantee Pass
1. How does a provider determine the usefulness, appropriateness, of a screening
test? Where would and NP look to find a screening test? What de- termines if a
screening test should be used?
Answer> Determining whether a screening
test is appropriate requires the APRN to address several aspects of the disease
of interest. The target population needs to be identifiable. There should be enough
people to make the study cost effective. The preclinical period should be proficient
to allow treatment before symptoms appear so that early diagnosis and treatment
make a difference in terms of outcomes. The NP could look at the U.S. Preventative
Services Task Force, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, and SAMH- SA-
HRSA to find a screening test. Sensitivity and specificity measure the validity of a
test. Sensitivity is the number identified/ the number affected. Specificity is the
number identified in the screening of not having the disease/ the actual number
who do not have the disease.
2. Can you explain what "descriptive epidemiology" means? What is the
purpose? How is it used?
Answer> It covers time place and person.
First, by looking at the data carefully, the epidemiologist becomes very familiar
, with the data. He or she can see what the data can or cannot reveal based on the
variables available, its limitations (for example, the number of records with
missing information for each important variable), and its eccentricities (for example,
all cases range in age from 2 months to 6 years, plus one 17-year-old.).
Second, the epidemiologist learns the extent and pattern of the public health prob-
lem being investigated — which months, which neighborhoods, and which
groups of people have the most and least cases.
Third, the epidemiologist creates a detailed description of the health of a
population that can be easily communicated with tables, graphs, and maps.
Fourth, the epidemiologist can identify areas or groups within the population that
have high rates of disease. This information in turn provides important clues to
the causes of the disease, and these clues can be turned into testable hypotheses.
3. How are causation and descriptive epidemiology related, how do they work
together to aid evidence-based care?
Answer> - helps look at the cause
of the issue or disease process. focuses on the person, place,
and time. An example of how they are intertwined might be a person who was
sick from E. Coli. The physician might look at what the individual ate to
determine what made them sick. For instance, they may have decided to eat from
the salad bar at a local restaurant.
4. What does "causation" mean? Can you relate causation to primary, sec- ondary
and tertiary interventions?
Answer> is an increase in a casual factor or exposure causes an increase in the
outcome of interest (disease). It is related to primary intervention could be the use
of flu vaccines yearly to prevent the flu from causing an illness. A secondary
intervention would be to test for the influenza virus in a patient. A tertiary
, intervention would be giving Tamiflu to a flu positive patient. Since we know that
the influenza virus causes the flu when can help to perform actions against it.
